HIRES radial velocity follow up for Kepler-129 Virtual Observatory Resource

Authors
  1. Zhang J.
  2. Weiss L.M.
  3. Huber D.
  4. Blunt S.
  5. Chontos A.
  6. Fulton B.J.,Grunblatt S.
  7. Howard A.W.
  8. Isaacson H.
  9. Kosiarek M.R.
  10. Petigura E.A.,Rosenthal L.J.
  11. Rubenzahl R.A.
  12. Published by
    CDS
Abstract

We present the discovery of Kepler-129d (P_d_=7.2_-0.3_^+0.4^yr, m_sini_d__=8.3_-0.7_^+1.1^M_Jup_, e_d_=0.15_-0.05_^+0.07^) based on six years of radial-velocity observations from Keck/HIRES. Kepler-129 also hosts two transiting sub-Neptunes: Kepler-129b (P_b_= 15.79days, r_b_=2.40{+/-}0.04R{Earth}) and Kepler-129c (P_c_=82.20days, r_c_=2.52{+/-}0.07R{Earth}) for which we measure masses of m_b_<20M{Earth} and m_c_=43_-12_^+13^M{Earth}. Kepler-129 is a hierarchical system consisting of two tightly packed inner planets and a massive external companion. In such a system, two inner planets precess around the orbital normal of the outer companion, causing their inclinations to oscillate with time. Based on an asteroseismic analysis of Kepler data, we find tentative evidence that Kepler-129b and c are misaligned with stellar spin axis by >~38{deg}, which could be torqued by Kepler-129 d if it is inclined by >~19{deg} relative to inner planets. Using N-body simulations, we provide additional constraints on the mutual inclination between Kepler-129d and inner planets by estimating the fraction of time during which two inner planets both transit. The probability that two planets both transit decreases as their misalignment with Kepler-129d increases. We also find a more massive Kepler-129c enables the two inner planets to become strongly coupled and more resistant to perturbations from Kepler-129d. The unusually high mass of Kepler-129c provides a valuable benchmark for both planetary dynamics and interior structure, since the best-fit mass is consistent with this 2.5R{Earth} planet having a rocky surface.

Keywords
  1. exoplanets
  2. g-stars
  3. radial-velocity
  4. infrared-astronomy
  5. spectroscopy
Bibliographic source Bibcode
2021AJ....162...89Z
See also HTML
https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/162/89
IVOA Identifier IVOID
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/89
Document Object Identifer DOI
doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51620089

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History

2021-12-08T08:39:27Z
Resource record created
2021-12-08T08:39:27Z
Created
2022-03-14T06:24:52Z
Updated

Contact

Name
CDS support team
Postal Address
CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
E-Mail
cds-question@unistra.fr