J/AJ/162/89ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/162/89doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51620089CDSZhang J.Weiss L.M.Huber D.Blunt S.Chontos A.Fulton B.J.,Grunblatt S.Howard A.W.Isaacson H.Kosiarek M.R.Petigura E.A.,Rosenthal L.J.Rubenzahl R.A.2022-03-14T06:24:52Z2021-12-08T08:39:27ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsg-starsradial-velocityinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyWe present the discovery of Kepler-129d (P_d_=7.2_-0.3_^+0.4^yr, m_sini_d__=8.3_-0.7_^+1.1^M_Jup_, e_d_=0.15_-0.05_^+0.07^) based on six years of radial-velocity observations from Keck/HIRES. Kepler-129 also hosts two transiting sub-Neptunes: Kepler-129b (P_b_= 15.79days, r_b_=2.40{+/-}0.04R{Earth}) and Kepler-129c (P_c_=82.20days, r_c_=2.52{+/-}0.07R{Earth}) for which we measure masses of m_b_<20M{Earth} and m_c_=43_-12_^+13^M{Earth}. Kepler-129 is a hierarchical system consisting of two tightly packed inner planets and a massive external companion. In such a system, two inner planets precess around the orbital normal of the outer companion, causing their inclinations to oscillate with time. Based on an asteroseismic analysis of Kepler data, we find tentative evidence that Kepler-129b and c are misaligned with stellar spin axis by >~38{deg}, which could be torqued by Kepler-129 d if it is inclined by >~19{deg} relative to inner planets. Using N-body simulations, we provide additional constraints on the mutual inclination between Kepler-129d and inner planets by estimating the fraction of time during which two inner planets both transit. The probability that two planets both transit decreases as their misalignment with Kepler-129d increases. We also find a more massive Kepler-129c enables the two inner planets to become strongly coupled and more resistant to perturbations from Kepler-129d. The unusually high mass of Kepler-129c provides a valuable benchmark for both planetary dynamics and interior structure, since the best-fit mass is consistent with this 2.5R{Earth} planet having a rocky surface.2021AJ....162...89Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/162/89CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/723/L223 : Radial velocities of HAT-P-11 (Winn+, 2010)J/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)J/ApJS/210/25 : Transit timing variation for 15 planetary pairs. II (Xie, 2014)J/MNRAS/452/2127 : Fundamental param. of Kepler stars (Silva Aguirre+, 2015)J/ApJ/835/172 : Kepler asteroseismic LEGACY sample I Oscillations (Lund+, 2017)J/AJ/155/255 : Radial velocity & activity measurements of HAT-P-11 (Yee+, 2018)J/AJ/156/264 : California-Kepler Survey. VII. Planet radius gap (Fulton+, 2018)J/AJ/161/70 : Rvel for WASP-107 with HIRES & CORALIE (Piaulet+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/162/89https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/162/89GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/162/89/table1Kepler-129 Radial VelocitiesTelTelescope/Instrument; HIRES J-bandinstr.telcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTobsObservation time; UTC/ISO8601time.epochcharObs.IDObservation id; CPS internal IDmeta.id;obscharBJD[2456912/2459315] Barycentric Julian Date at TDBdtime.epochdoubleRVel[-110/86] Mean relative radial velocitym/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVel[2/3] Uncertainty in RVel (1)m/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocdoublects[5311/11032] Counts raw 1D spectrum near 5500{AA}ephot.count;arith.ratiofloatchi2[1.03/1.08] Median reduced chi-squared for the observation over all chunksstat.fit.chi2doubleBVel[-10509/10275] Barycentric velocity at flux-weighted midpointm/sphys.veloc;pos.barycenterdoubleSHK[0.11/0.15]? Ca_HK_ S valuespect.indexfloatnullablee_SHK[0.001]? Ca_HK_ S value uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableTRV[-22.1/-21.5]? Telluric calibrated absolute Radial Velocitykm/sphys.velocfloatnullablee_TRV[0.1]? Uncertainty in TRVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullable