Photometry of 6 SN 2009ip-like supernovae Virtual Observatory Resource

Authors
  1. Salmaso I.
  2. Pastorello A.
  3. Borsato E.
  4. Benetti S.
  5. Botticella M.T.,Cai Y.-Z.
  6. Elias-Rosa N.
  7. Farina A.
  8. Fraser M.
  9. Galbany L.,Gonzalez-Banuelos M.
  10. Gutierrez C.P.
  11. Huang M.
  12. Lundqvist P.
  13. Kangas T.,Killestein T.L.
  14. Kravtsov T.
  15. Matilainen K.
  16. Morales-Garoffolo A.
  17. Mura A.,Pignata G.
  18. Reguitti A.
  19. Reynolds T.M.
  20. Smartt S.
  21. Srivastav S.,Tartaglia L.
  22. Valerin G.
  23. Wang Z.-Y.
  24. Published by
    CDS
Abstract

Supernovae (SNe) IIn are terminal explosions of massive stars that are surrounded by a dense circumstellar medium (CSM). Among SNe IIn, a notable subset is the SNe 2009ip-like, which exhibit an initial, fainter peak attributed to stellar variability in the late evolutionary stages, followed by a brighter peak, interpreted as the SN explosion itself. In this context, we analyse the spectrophotometric evolution of SN 2024hpj, an object with a triple-peaked light curve and spectra typical of a SN IIn but with a complex line profile composed of broad P-Cygni features topped by narrow emissions. Comparing it with other SNe 2009ip-like in the literature, as well as other unpublished objects (SNe 2019mry, 2022ytx, 2024uzf, and 2025csc), we identify star-forming regions as their preferred formation environment. On the other hand, the diversity of spectrophotometric features within the sample suggests that variations in CSM mass and distribution may influence the observed characteristics. We identify four sub-classes based on the luminosity and rapidity of the light curve evolution, which give insights regarding possible differences in the progenitors, while a statistical analysis on their observed rate indicates progenitor masses around 25-31M_{sun}_ and lower.

Keywords
  1. supernovae
  2. photometry
  3. visible-astronomy
Bibliographic source Bibcode
2026A&A...707A..80S
See also HTML
https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/707/A80
IVOA Identifier IVOID
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/707/A80

Access

Web browser access HTML
https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A80
https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A80
http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A80
IVOA Table Access TAP
https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap
Run SQL-like queries with TAP-enabled clients (e.g., TOPCAT).

History

2026-02-27T08:39:56Z
Resource record created
2026-02-27T08:39:56Z
Created
2026-04-02T06:28:33Z
Updated

Contact

Name
CDS support team
Postal Address
CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
E-Mail
cds-question@unistra.fr