We present a detailed characterization of the extremely dusty main-sequence star TYC 8830 410 1. This system hosts inner planetary system dust (T_dust_~300K) with a fractional infrared luminosity of ~1%. Mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals a strong, mildly crystalline solid-state emission feature. TYC8830-410-1 (spectral type G9V) has a 49.5" separation M4-type companion comoving and co-distant with it, and we estimate a system age of ~600Myr. TYC8830-410-1 also experiences "dipper"-like dimming events as detected by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and characterized in more detail with the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope. These recurring eclipses suggest at least one roughly star-sized cloud of dust orbits the star in addition to assorted smaller dust structures. The extreme properties of the material orbiting TYC8830-410-1 point to dramatic dust-production mechanisms that likely included something similar to the giant impact event thought to have formed the Earth-Moon system, although hundreds of millions of years after such processes are thought to have concluded in the solar system. TYC 8830 410 1 holds promise to deliver significant advances in our understanding of the origin, structure, and evolution of extremely dusty inner planetary systems.