Sulfur isotopes in SFR with 12m ARO and 30m IRAM Virtual Observatory Resource

Authors
  1. Yu H.Z.
  2. Zhang J.S.
  3. Henkel C.
  4. Yan Y.T.
  5. Liu W.
  6. Tang X.D.
  7. Langer N.,Luan T.C.
  8. Chen J.L.
  9. Wang Y.X.
  10. Deng G.G.
  11. Zou Y.P.
  12. Published by
    CDS
Abstract

We present observations of 12C32S, 12C34S, 13C32S, and 12C33S J=2-1 lines toward a large sample of massive star-forming regions by using the Arizona Radio Observatory 12m telescope and the IRAM 30m. Taking new measurements of the carbon 12C/13C ratio, the 32S/34S isotope ratio was determined from the integrated 13C32S/12C34S line intensity ratios for our sample. Our analysis shows a 32S/34S gradient from the inner Galaxy out to a galactocentric distance of 12kpc. An unweighted least-squares fit to our data yields 32S/34S=(1.56{+/-}0.17)DGC+(6.75{+/-}1.22) with a correlation coefficient of 0.77. Errors represent 1{sigma} standard deviations. Testing this result by (a) excluding the Galactic center region, (b) excluding all sources with C34S opacities >0.25, (c) combining our data and old data from previous study, and (d) using different sets of carbon isotope ratios leads to the conclusion that the observed 32S/34S gradient is not an artifact but persists irrespective of the choice of sample and carbon isotope data. A gradient with rising 32S/34S values as a function of galactocentric radius implies that the solar system ratio should be larger than that of the local interstellar medium. With the new carbon isotope ratios, we indeed obtain a local 32S/34S isotope ratio about 10% below the solar system one, as expected in the case of decreasing 32S/34S ratios with time and increased amounts of stellar processing. However, taking older carbon isotope ratios based on a lesser amount of data, such a decrease is not seen. No systematic variation of 34S/33S ratios along galactocentric distance was found. The average value is 5.9{+/-}1.5, the error denoting the standard deviation of an individual measurement.

Keywords
  1. interstellar-medium
  2. star-forming-regions
  3. chemical-abundances
  4. molecular-physics
  5. millimeter-astronomy
  6. photometry
  7. submillimeter-astronomy
Bibliographic source Bibcode
2020ApJ...899..145Y
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ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/899/145
Document Object Identifer DOI
doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18990145

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History

2021-11-08T06:12:44Z
Resource record created
2021-11-08T06:12:44Z
Created
2022-03-14T07:08:41Z
Updated

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