We present the first high angular resolution study of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 300, based on observations from the Submillimeter Array (SMA). We target eleven 500pc sized regions of active star formation within the galaxy in the ^12^CO(J=2-1) line at 40pc spatial and 1km/s spectral resolution and identify 45 individual GMCs. We characterize the physical properties of these GMCs, and find that they are similar to GMCs in the disks of the Milky Way and other nearby spiral galaxies. For example, the GMC mass spectrum in our sample has a slope of 1.80+/-0.07. Twelve clouds are spatially resolved by our observations, of which ten have virial mass estimates that agree to within a factor of two with mass estimates derived directly from ^12^CO integrated intensity, suggesting that the majority of these GMCs are bound. The resolved clouds show consistency with Larson's fundamental relations between size, linewidth, and mass observed in the Milky Way. We find that the linewidth scales with the size as {Delta}V{propto}R^0.52+/-0.20^, and the median surface density in the subsample is 54M_{sun}_/pc^2^. We detect ^13^CO in four GMCs and find a mean ^12^CO/^13^CO flux ratio of 6.2. Our interferometric observations recover between 30% and 100% of the integrated intensity from the APEX single dish ^12^CO observations of Faesi et al. (2014, J/ApJ/789/81), suggesting the presence of low-mass GMCs and/or diffuse gas below our sensitivity limit. The fraction of APEX emission recovered increases with the SMA total intensity, as well as with the star formation rate.