Echelle spectrophotometry of the planetary nebula NGC 5307 is presented. The data consist of Very Large Telescope Ultraviolet Visual Echelle Spectrograph observations in the 3100-10360{AA} range. Electron temperatures and densities have been determined using different line intensity ratios. We determine the H, He, C, and O abundances based on recombination lines; these abundances are almost independent of the temperature structure of the nebula. We also determine the N, O, Ne, S, Cl, and Ar abundances based on collisionally excited lines; the ratios of these abundances relative to that of H depend strongly on the temperature structure of the nebula.