SN2025cbj LAST and ZTF photometric data Virtual Observatory Resource

Authors
  1. Garrappa S.
  2. Zimmerman E.A.
  3. Wasserman T.
  4. Ofek E.O.
  5. Gal-Yam A.
  6. Konno R.,Chen P.
  7. Yaron O.
  8. Ben-Ami S.
  9. Copperwheat C.M.
  10. Fainer S.
  11. Horowicz A.,Humpe A.
  12. Mazzali P.A.
  13. Polishook D.
  14. Segre E.
  15. Spitzer S.A.
  16. Published by
    CDS
Abstract

The origins of astrophysical high-energy neutrino flux remain uncertain. Core-collapse supernovae with strong CSM interaction (Type IIn a.k.a. SNe IIn) are compelling candidates for efficient hadronic acceleration and neutrino production. We investigate the possible association between the Type IIn supernova SN2025cbj and the IceCube high-energy neutrino IceCube-250421A, and assess whether the observed properties of the SN permit an appreciable neutrino yield. We combined rapid optical follow-up with LAST and archival ZTF photometry with spectroscopy from LT/SPRAT and MMT/BINOSPEC to characterize the SN's evolution and CSM interaction. We estimated the explosion and peak times from early light-curve fitting, and quantified the chance-coincidence probability with resampling simulations that scramble neutrino right ascensions while preserving declinations and error contours. Using a simple post-shock-breakout interaction model in a dense wind, we estimated the expected muon-neutrino yield for IceCube's real-time Bronze stream. Spectra of SN2025cbj obtained after the neutrino epoch show persistent narrow Balmer lines superposed on broad Lorentzian electron-scattering wings, consistent with sustained dense-CSM interaction. For the multi-messenger association, resampling simulations against the TNS catalog give a chance-coincidence probability for observing k>=1 events of p=~0.24 (and p=~0.078 against the ZTF-BTS catalog). These values are sensitive to the size of the SNe and neutrino samples. A post-breakout interaction scenario predicts an expected N{nu}{mu}~10^-3^ events in the IceCube Bronze alert stream over 76 days per this one candidate. We discuss the implications of these numbers and possible biases that may affect these results.

Keywords
  1. supernovae
  2. photometry
  3. visible-astronomy
Bibliographic source Bibcode
2026A&A...708A.223G
See also HTML
https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/708/A223
IVOA Identifier IVOID
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/708/A223

Access

Web browser access HTML
https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/708/A223
https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/708/A223
http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/708/A223
IVOA Table Access TAP
https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap
Run SQL-like queries with TAP-enabled clients (e.g., TOPCAT).

History

2026-04-08T12:58:07Z
Resource record created
2026-04-08T11:59:25Z
Updated
2026-04-08T12:58:07Z
Created

Contact

Name
CDS support team
Postal Address
CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
E-Mail
cds-question@unistra.fr