Lensed quasar identification in multiband images Virtual Observatory Resource

Authors
  1. Andika I.T.
  2. Suyu S.H.
  3. Canameras R.
  4. Melo A.
  5. Schuldt S.
  6. Shu Y.,Eilers A.-C.
  7. Jaelani A.T.
  8. Yue M.
  9. Published by
    CDS
Abstract

Quasars experiencing strong lensing offer unique viewpoints on subjects related to the cosmic expansion rate, the dark matter profile within the foreground deflectors, and the quasar host galaxies. Unfortunately, identifying them in astronomical images is challenging since they are overwhelmed by the abundance of non-lenses. To address this, we have developed a novel approach by ensembling cutting-edge convolutional networks (CNNs) - for instance, ResNet, Inception, NASNet, MobileNet, EfficientNet, and RegNet - along with vision transformers (ViTs) trained on realistic galaxy-quasar lens simulations based on the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) multiband images. While the individual model exhibits remarkable performance when evaluated against the test dataset, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of >97.3% and a median false positive rate of 3.6%, it struggles to generalize in real data, indicated by numerous spurious sources picked by each classifier. A significant improvement is achieved by averaging these CNNs and ViTs, resulting in the impurities being downsized by factors up to 50. Subsequently, combining the HSC images with the UKIRT, VISTA, and unWISE data, we retrieve approximately 60 million sources as parent samples and reduce this to 892 609 after employing a photometry preselection to discover z>1.5 lensed quasars with Einstein radii of {theta}_E_<5". Afterward, the ensemble classifier indicates 3080 sources with a high probability of being lenses, for which we visually inspect, yielding 210 prevailing candidates awaiting spectroscopic confirmation. These outcomes suggest that automated deep learning pipelines hold great potential in effectively detecting strong lenses in vast datasets with minimal manual visual inspection involved.

Keywords
  1. quasars
  2. gravitational-lensing
  3. visible-astronomy
  4. sloan-photometry
  5. infrared-photometry
Bibliographic source Bibcode
2023A&A...678A.103A
See also HTML
https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/678/A103
IVOA Identifier IVOID
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/678/A103
Document Object Identifer DOI
doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36780103

Access

Web browser access HTML
http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/678/A103
https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/678/A103
http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/678/A103
IVOA Table Access TAP
http://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap
Run SQL-like queries with TAP-enabled clients (e.g., TOPCAT).
IVOA Cone Search SCS
For use with a cone search client (e.g., TOPCAT).
http://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/678/A103/tableb1?
https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/678/A103/tableb1?
http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/A+A/678/A103/tableb1?

History

2024-03-04T15:25:27Z
Resource record created
2024-03-04T15:25:27Z
Created
2024-09-11T20:01:45Z
Updated

Contact

Name
CDS support team
Postal Address
CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
E-Mail
cds-question@unistra.fr