Five Herbig-Haro objects SOFIA/FIFI-LS images Virtual Observatory Resource

Authors
  1. Sperling T.
  2. Eisloeffel J.
  3. Fischer C.
  4. Nisini B.
  5. Giannini T.
  6. Krabbe A.
  7. Published by
    CDS
Abstract

We present SOFIA/FIFI-LS observations of five prototypical, low-mass Class I outflows (HH111, SVS13, HH26, HH34, HH30) in the far-infrared [OI]63um and [OI]145um transitions. Spectroscopic [OI]63um,145um maps enable us to study the spatial extent of warm, low-excitation atomic gas within outflows driven by Class I protostars. These [OI] maps may potentially allow us to measure the mass-loss rates (dM/dt_jet_) of this warm component of the atomic jet. A fundamental tracer of warm (i.e. T~500-1500K), low-excitation atomic gas is the [OI]63um emission line, which is predicted to be the main coolant of dense dissociative J-type shocks caused by decelerated wind or jet shocks associated with protostellar outflows. Under these conditions, the [O I]63um line can be directly connected to the instantaneous mass ejection rate.Thus, by utilising spectroscopic [OI]63um maps, we wish to determine the atomic mass flux rate dM/dt_jet_ ejected from our target outflows. Strong [OI]63um emission is detected at the driving sources HH111IRS, HH34IRS, SVS13, as well as at the bow shock region, HH7. The detection of the [OI]63um line at HH26A and HH8/HH10 can be attributed to jet deflection regions. The far-infrared counterpart of the optical jet is detected in [OI]63um only for HH111, but not for HH34. We interpret the [OI]63um emission at HH111IRS, HH34IRS, and SVS13 to be coming primarily from a decelerated wind shock, whereas multiple internal shocks within the HH111 jet may cause most of the [O I]63um emission seen there. At HH30, no [O I]63um,145um was detected. The [OI]145um line detection is at noise level almost everywhere in our obtained maps. The observed outflow rates of our Class I sample are to the order of dM/dt_jet_~10^-6^M_{sun}_/yr, if proper shock conditions prevail. Independent calculations connecting the [OI]63um line luminosity and observable jet parameters with the mass-loss rate are consistent with the applied shock model and lead to similar mass-loss rates. Wediscuss applicability and caveats of both methods. High-quality spectroscopic [OI]63um maps of protostellar outflows at the jet driving source potentially allow a clear determination of the mass ejection rate.

Keywords
  1. pre-main-sequence-stars
  2. infrared-astronomy
Bibliographic source Bibcode
2020A&A...642A.216S
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https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/642/A216
IVOA Identifier IVOID
ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/642/A216
Document Object Identifer DOI
doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.36420216

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History

2020-10-22T12:34:40Z
Resource record created
2020-10-22T12:34:40Z
Created
2021-01-19T11:51:42Z
Updated

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