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<ri:Resource created="2026-10-09T00:00:00" status="active" updated="2026-10-09T00:00:00" version="1.2" xmlns:cs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0" xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" xmlns:stc="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/STC/stc-v1.30.xsd" xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/ConeSearch.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/STC/stc-v1.30.xsd http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/stc-v1.30.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VOResource.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VODataService.xsd http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/xlink.xsd" xsi:type="vs:CatalogService">
  <title>Merged Catalog of Reflection Nebulae</title>
  <shortName>REFNEBULAE</shortName>
  <identifier>ivo://nasa.heasarc/refnebulae</identifier>
  <curation>
    <publisher ivo-id="ivo://nasa.heasarc/ASD">NASA/GSFC HEASARC</publisher>
    <creator>
      <name>Magakian</name>
    </creator>
    <contributor/>
    <date>2026-10-09</date>
    <contact>
      <name>NASA/GSFC HEASARC help desk</name>
      <email>heasarc-vo at athena.gsfc.nasa.gov</email>
    </contact>
  </curation>
  <content>
    <subject>Survey Source</subject>
    <description>
      Several catalogs of reflection nebulae have been merged to create a uniform catalog of 913 objects. It contains revised coordinates, cross-identifications of nebulae and stars, as well as identifications with IRAS point sources. The HEASARC has endeavored to render all identifications of the nebulae in the various catalogs according to the styles recommended by the Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects. This table was created by the HEASARC in October 2012 based on &amp;lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/399/141"&amp;gt;CDS Catalog J/A+A/399/141&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; file table1.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .
    </description>
    <source format="">
      2003A&amp;amp;A...399..141M
    </source>
    <referenceURL>https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/all/refnebulae.html</referenceURL>
    <type>Catalog</type>
    <contentLevel>Research</contentLevel>
    <relationship>
      <relationshipType>
        served-by
      </relationshipType>
      <relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://nasa.heasarc/services/xamin">
        HEASARC TAP
      </relatedResource>
    </relationship>
  </content>
  <capability standardID="ivo://ivoa.net/std/ConeSearch" xsi:type="cs:ConeSearch">
    <interface role="std" xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP">
      <accessURL use="base">
        https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/cone?showoffsets&amp;table=refnebulae&amp;
      </accessURL>
      <queryType>GET</queryType>
      <resultType>text/xml</resultType>
    </interface>
    <maxSR>180</maxSR>
    <maxRecords>99999</maxRecords>
    <verbosity>true</verbosity>
    <testQuery>
      <ra>297.65416667</ra>
      <dec>-81.27416667</dec>
      <sr>0.0833333333333333</sr>
    </testQuery>
  </capability>
  <capability standardID="ivo://ivoa.net/std/TAP#aux">
    <interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP" role="std">
      <accessURL use="base">
        https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/tap
      </accessURL>
    </interface>
  </capability>
  <capability>
    <interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP">
      <accessURL use="base">
        https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/W3Browse/getvotable.pl?name=refnebulae
      </accessURL>
      <queryType>GET</queryType>
      <resultType>text/xml</resultType>
    </interface>
  </capability>
  <capability>
    <interface xsi:type="vr:WebBrowser">
      <accessURL use="full">
        https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/W3Browse/w3query.pl?tablehead=name=heasarc_refnebulae&amp;Action=More+Options&amp;Action=Parameter+Search&amp;ConeAdd=1
      </accessURL>
    </interface>
  </capability>
  <facility>NEBULA CATALOG</facility>
  <coverage>
    <stc:STCResourceProfile>
      <stc:AstroCoordSystem xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="ivo://STClib/CoordSys#UTC-ICRS-TOPO" id="_refnebulae_UTC-ICRS-TOPOc631a1a41d0ee0e8cb92438dc5778d82"/>
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          <stc:Size pos_unit="deg">
            0.0833333333333333
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        <stc:AllSky/>
      </stc:AstroCoordArea>
    </stc:STCResourceProfile>
    <waveband>Optical</waveband>
  </coverage>
  <tableset xsi:type="vs:TableSet">
    <schema>
      <name>public</name>
      <table>
        <name>refnebulae</name>
        <description>
          Merged Catalog of Reflection Nebulae
        </description>
        <column>
          <name>source_number</name>
          <description>
            Sequential Identification Number for Each Source in Catalog
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id;src
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">short</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>name</name>
          <description>
            Catalog Source Designation
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id;meta.main
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>ra</name>
          <description>
            Right Ascension
          </description>
          <unit>degree</unit>
          <ucd>
            pos.eq.ra;meta.main
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>dec</name>
          <description>
            Declination
          </description>
          <unit>degree</unit>
          <ucd>
            pos.eq.dec;meta.main
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>vdb_name</name>
          <description>
            Van den Bergh Catalog Identification, &lt;VII/21&gt;, 1966AJ.....71..990V
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>gn_name</name>
          <description>
            Galactic Nebulae Atlas, Vol. I-III, Neckel et al. 1985, 1987, 1990
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>nebula_type</name>
          <description>
            Class of Nebula
          </description>
          <ucd>
            src.class
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>vdbh_name</name>
          <description>
            Van den Bergh &amp; Herbst Catalog Identification, 1975AJ.....80..208V
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>bernes_name</name>
          <description>
            Bernes Catalog Identification, 1977A&amp;AS...29...65B
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>alt_names</name>
          <description>
            Other Designations
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>hd_numbers</name>
          <description>
            Number of Connected Stars in HD &lt;III/135&gt; Catalog
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.assoc
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>brand_name</name>
          <description>
            BBWo Catalog Identification, Brand et al., 1986A&amp;AS...65..537B
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>ss_name</name>
          <description>
            SS Catalog Identification, Struve &amp; Straka, 1962PASP...74..474S
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>ced_name</name>
          <description>
            Ced Catalog Identification, Cederblad, &lt;VII/231&gt;
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>comments</name>
          <description>
            Additional Comments
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.note
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>ngc_ic_names</name>
          <description>
            NGC and/or IC Catalog Identification(s), &lt;VII/118&gt;
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>dg_name</name>
          <description>
            Dorschner &amp; Gurtler Catalog Identification, 1963AN....287..257D
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>bii</name>
          <description>
            Galactic Latitude
          </description>
          <unit>degree</unit>
          <ucd>
            pos.galactic.lat
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>rk_name</name>
          <description>
            Rozhkovski &amp; Kurchakov Catalog Identification, 1968TrAlm..11....3R
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>dm_numbers</name>
          <description>
            Number of Connected Star in BD &lt;I/122&gt;, CD &lt;I/114&gt;, CPD &lt;I/108&gt; Catalogs
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.assoc
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>dg_name_2</name>
          <description>
            Second DG Identification
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.cross
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>iras_name</name>
          <description>
            Identification(s) with IRAS Sources, PSC, &lt;II/125&gt;; FSC, &lt;II/156&gt;
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.id.assoc
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>rk_name_flag</name>
          <description>
            Uncertainty Flag [?] for RK Catalog Identification
          </description>
          <ucd>
            meta.code;src
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>lii</name>
          <description>
            Galactic Longitude
          </description>
          <unit>degree</unit>
          <ucd>
            pos.galactic.lon
          </ucd>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>"__x_ra_dec"</name>
          <description>
            System unit vector column
          </description>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>"__y_ra_dec"</name>
          <description>
            System unit vector column
          </description>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>"__z_ra_dec"</name>
          <description>
            System unit vector column
          </description>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">double</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
        <column>
          <name>"__row"</name>
          <description>
            System index column
          </description>
          <dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">char</dataType>
          <flag>
            nullable
          </flag>
        </column>
      </table>
    </schema>
  </tableset>
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