MDWARFASC ivo://nasa.heasarc/mdwarfasc NASA/GSFC HEASARC Lepine,Gaidos 2026-10-09 NASA/GSFC HEASARC help desk heasarc-vo at athena.gsfc.nasa.gov Survey Source This table contains an all-sky catalog of M dwarf stars with apparent infrared magnitude J < 10. The 8889 stars are selected from the ongoing SUPERBLINK survey of stars with proper motion mu > 40 mas yr<sup>-1</sup>, supplemented on the bright end with the Tycho-2 catalog. Completeness tests which account for kinematic (proper motion) bias suggest that this catalog represents ~75% of the estimated ~11,900 M dwarfs with J < 10 expected to populate the entire sky. The catalog is, however, significantly more complete for the northern sky (~90%) than it is for the south (~60%). Stars are identified as cool, red M dwarfs from a combination of optical and infrared color cuts, and are distinguished from background M giants and highly reddened stars using either existing parallax measurements or, if such measurements are lacking, using their location in an optical-to-infrared reduced proper motion diagram. These bright M dwarfs are all prime targets for exoplanet surveys using the Doppler radial velocity or transit methods; the combination of low-mass and bright apparent magnitude should make possible the detection of Earth-size planets on short-period orbits using currently available techniques. Parallax measurements, when available, and photometric distance estimates are provided for all stars, and these place most systems within 60 pc of the Sun. Spectral type estimated from V-J color shows that most of the stars range from K7 to M4, with only a few late M dwarfs, all within 20 pc. Proximity to the Sun also makes these stars good targets for high-resolution exoplanet imaging searches, especially if younger objects can be identified on the basis of X-ray or UV excess. For that purpose, we include X-ray flux from ROSAT and FUV/NUV ultraviolet magnitudes from GALEX for all stars for which a counterpart can be identified in those catalogs. Additional photometric data include optical magnitudes from Digitized Sky Survey plates and infrared magnitudes from the Two Micron All Sky Survey. This table was first created by the HEASARC in October 2011 based on electronic versions of Tables 1 and 2 from the reference paper which were obtained from the AJ web site. A slightly revised version based on corrected versions of the input tables received from the author was ingested in December 2011. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC . 2011AJ....142..138L https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/all/mdwarfasc.html Catalog Research served-by HEASARC TAP https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/cone?showoffsets&table=mdwarfasc& GET text/xml 180 99999 true 322.040161 -88.136528 0.0166666666666667 https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/tap https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/W3Browse/getvotable.pl?name=mdwarfasc GET text/xml https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/W3Browse/w3query.pl?tablehead=name=heasarc_mdwarfasc&Action=More+Options&Action=Parameter+Search&ConeAdd=1 STAR CATALOG 0.0166666666666667 Infrared Optical public mdwarfasc Bright M Dwarf All-Sky Catalog name Source Designation meta.id;meta.main char nullable ra Right Ascension degree pos.eq.ra;meta.main double nullable dec Declination degree pos.eq.dec;meta.main double nullable pm_ra Proper Motion in Right Ascension arcsec/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra double nullable pm_dec Proper Motion in Declination arcsec/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec double nullable parallax Trigonometric Parallax arcsec pos.parallax.trig double nullable parallax_error Uncertainty in Trigonometric Parallax arcsec stat.error;pos.parallax.trig double nullable phot_parallax Photometric Parallax arcsec pos.parallax double nullable phot_parallax_error Uncertainty in Photometric Parallax arcsec stat.error;pos.parallax double nullable jmag 2MASS Infrared J Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.J double nullable vj_color Optical-to-Infrared V-J Color mag phot.color;em.opt.V;em.IR.J double nullable "__x_ra_dec" System unit vector column double nullable "__y_ra_dec" System unit vector column double nullable "__z_ra_dec" System unit vector column double nullable "__row" System index column char nullable vmag_eff Estimated Visual Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.V double nullable pm_tot Total Proper Motion arcsec/yr pos.pm double nullable hmag 2MASS Infrared H Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.H double nullable class Browse Object Classification src.class short nullable lii Galactic Longitude degree pos.galactic.lon double nullable bt_mag Tycho-2 B_T Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.B double nullable in_mag USNO-B1.0 Photographic Infrared (IVN) Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.I double nullable hip_name Source Designation in the Hipparcos Catalog meta.id.assoc char nullable galex_fmag GALEX Far-UV Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.UV.100-200nm double nullable cns3_name Source Designation in the Third Catalog of Nearby Stars meta.id.assoc char nullable vt_mag Tycho-2 V_T Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.V double nullable bj_mag USNO-B1.0 Photographic Blue (IIIaJ) Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.B double nullable ks_mag 2MASS Infrared K_s Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.K double nullable galex_nmag GALEX Near-UV Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.UV.200-300nm double nullable tyc_name Source Designation in the Tycho-2 Catalog meta.id.assoc char nullable ref_parallax Source of Trigonometric Parallax meta.ref;pos.parallax.trig char nullable rass_count_rate X-Ray Flux from ROSAT ct/s phot.count;em.X-ray.soft double nullable phot_spect_type Photometric Spectral Subtype src.class char nullable rf_mag USNO-B1.0 Photographic Red (IIIaF) Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.R double nullable bii Galactic Latitude degree pos.galactic.lat double nullable