PPMXLBMD ivo://nasa.heasarc/ppmxlbmd NASA/GSFC HEASARC Frith et al. 2026-04-03 NASA/GSFC HEASARC help desk heasarc-vo at athena.gsfc.nasa.gov Star Using the Position and Proper Motion Extended-L (PPMXL) catalog, the authors have used optical and near-infrared color cuts together with a reduced proper motion cut to find bright M dwarfs for future exoplanet transit studies. PPMXL's low proper-motion uncertainties allow them to probe down to smaller proper motions than previous similar studies. The authors have combined unique objects found with this method to that of previous work to produce 8,479 K < 9th magnitude M dwarfs. Low-resolution spectroscopy was obtained of a sample of the objects found using this selection method to gain statistics on their spectral type and physical properties. Results show a spectral-type range of K7 to M4V. This catalog is the most complete collection of K < 9 M dwarfs currently available and is made available herein. The PPMXL catalog (Roeser et al. 2010) represents a combination of the USNO-B1.0 and Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) catalogs mapped on to the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF), which allows proper motions to be described in a quasi-absolute manner as opposed to relative. PPMXL now provides low uncertainties for both the proper motion and position for many of the objects within the two catalogs. Typical uncertainties for proper motions are 4 - 10 mas/yr. The NIR JHK magnitudes from 2MASS and the optical BVRI magnitudes from USNO-B1.0 also provide very useful color information about the objects and are used during the sample selection process. In this work, the authors classified 4,054 M dwarfs with magnitudes of K < 9 from the PPMXL catalog. By probing down to lower proper motions, this work has produced 1,193 new bright M dwarf candidates that were not included in previous catalogs. By combining these objects with M dwarfs from Lepine & Gaidos (2011, AJ, 142, 138) the authors obtained a final catalog with 8,479 K < 9 late K and M dwarfs suitable for future exoplanet transit studies. This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2015 based on the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/435/2161">CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/435/2161</a> file table3.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC . 2013MNRAS.435.2161F https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/all/ppmxlbmd.html Catalog Research served-by HEASARC TAP https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/cone?showoffsets&table=ppmxlbmd& GET text/xml 180 99999 true 322.04016 -88.13653 0.0166666666666667 https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/tap https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/W3Browse/getvotable.pl?name=ppmxlbmd GET text/xml https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/W3Browse/w3query.pl?tablehead=name=heasarc_ppmxlbmd&Action=More+Options&Action=Parameter+Search&ConeAdd=1 STAR CATALOG 0.0166666666666667 Infrared Optical public ppmxlbmd PPM-XL Bright M Dwarfs Catalog r2_mag USNO-B1 R2 Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.R double nullable pm_tot Proper Motion Vector mas/yr pos.pm double nullable hmag 2MASS H Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.H double nullable pm_ra_error RMS Uncertainty in Proper Motion Along Right Ascension mas/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra double nullable pm_dec Proper Motion Along Declination mas/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec double nullable ref_pm Reference Code for Proper Motion Information meta.ref;pos.pm short nullable b2_mag USNO-B1 B2 Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.B double nullable r1_mag USNO-B1 R1 Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.R double nullable "__row" System index column char nullable pm_ra Proper Motion Along Right Ascension mas/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra double nullable imag USNO-B1 I Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.I double nullable jk_color J-K Color Index mag phot.color;em.IR.J;em.IR.K double nullable ks_mag 2MASS Ks Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.K double nullable dec Declination degree pos.eq.dec;meta.main double nullable ra Right Ascension degree pos.eq.ra;meta.main double nullable lii Galactic Longitude degree pos.galactic.lon double nullable "__z_ra_dec" System unit vector column double nullable "__y_ra_dec" System unit vector column double nullable "__x_ra_dec" System unit vector column double nullable pm_dec_error RMS Uncertainty in Proper Motion Along Declination mas/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec double nullable jmag 2MASS J Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.IR.J double nullable ppmxl_flag PPMXL Flag meta.code short nullable source_number Sequential Identification Number for Each Source in Catalog meta.id;src short nullable bii Galactic Latitude degree pos.galactic.lat double nullable b1_mag USNO-B1 B1 Magnitude mag phot.mag;em.opt.B double nullable name Source Designation meta.id;meta.main char nullable