J/MNRAS/522/1358ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/522/1358CDSNorris J.E.Yong D.Frebel A.Ryan S.G.2026-07-27T13:29:17Z2026-07-27T14:27:16ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancespopulation-ii-starspre-main-sequence-starsspectroscopyvisible-astronomyeffective-temperatureastronomical-reference-materialsWe investigate the distribution of the lithium abundances, A(Li), of metal-poor dwarf and subgiant stars within the limits 5500 K < Teff < 6700 K, -6.0 < [Fe/H] < -1.5, and log g ~> 3.5 (a superset of parameters first adopted by Spite and Spite), using literature data for some 200 stars. We address the problem of the several methods that yield Teff differences up to 350 K, and hence uncertainties of 0.3 dex in [Fe/H] and A(Li), by anchoring Teff to the infrared flux method. We seek to understand the behaviour of A(Li) as a function of [Fe/H] - small dispersion at highest [Fe/H], 'meltdown' at intermediate values (i.e. large spread in Li below the Spite Plateau), and extreme variations at lowest [Fe/H]. Decreasing A(Li) is accompanied by increasing dispersion. Insofar as [Fe/H] increases as the Universe ages, the behaviour of A(Li) reflects chaotic star formation involving destruction of primordial Li, which settles to the classic Spite Plateau, with A(Li) ~ 2.3, by the time the Galactic halo reaches [Fe/H] ~ -3.0. We consider three phases: (1) first star formation in C-rich environments ([C/Fe] > 2.3), with depleted Li; (2) silicates-dominated star formation and destruction of primordial Li during pre-main-sequence evolution; and (3) materials from these two phases co-existing and coalescing to form C-rich stars with A(Li) below the Spite Plateau, leading to a toy model with the potential to explain the 'meltdown'. We comment on the results of Mucciarelli et al. on the Lower RGB, and the suggestion of Aguado et al. (2019ApJ...874L..21A) favouring a lower primordial lithium abundance than generally accepted.2023MNRAS.522.1358Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/522/1358CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/489/5900 : Extremely metal-poor stars in SkyMapper DR1.1 (Da+, 2019)J/A+A/661/A153 : Metal-poor red giant branch stars (Mucciarelli+, 2022)J/A+A/654/A170 : Abundances of metal-poor stars (Matas Pinto+, 2021)J/A+A/608/A46 : Constraining cosmic scatter (Reggiani+, 2017)J/A+A/579/A28 : Abundances of 3 CEMP stars (Bonifacio+, 2015)J/A+A/522/A26 : Fe Abundances in metal-poor stars (Sbordone+ 2010)J/A+A/512/A54 : Teff and Fbol from Infrared Flux Method (Casagrande+, 2010)J/A+A/509/A93 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars (Masseron+, 2010)J/A+A/501/519 : Extremely metal-poor turnoff stars abundancesJ/A+A/439/129 : HERES II. Spectroscopic analysis (Barklem+, 2005)J/ApJ/876/85 : HST observations for LMC Cepheids (Riess+, 2019)J/ApJ/833/20 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) star abundancesJ/ApJ/797/21 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars (Placco+, 2014)J/ApJ/762/27 : Most metal-poor stars. III. 86 [Fe/H]<=-3.0 starsJ/ApJ/762/26 : Most metal-poor stars. II. 190 Galactic halo starsJ/ApJ/681/1524 : Detailed abundances for 28 metal-poor stars (Lai+, 2008)J/ApJ/655/492 : Equivalent widths of 26 metal-poor stars (Aoki+, 2007)J/AJ/154/52 : Metal-poor stars from SDSS/SEGUE. I Unevolved starsJ/AJ/147/136 : Stars of very low metal abundance. VI. AbundancesJ/AJ/120/1841 : Abundances and Kinematics of Halo and Disk StarsII/336 : AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)I/322 : UCAC4 Catalogue (Zacharias+, 2012)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/522/1358https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/522/1358http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/522/1358https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/522/1358https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/522/1358http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/522/1358GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/522/1358/table3 (*Multiple Observations of "Literature" and "Corrected-Literature" stellar parameters and abundances data)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/522/1358/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/522/1358/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/522/1358/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.9045833-35.52083330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/522/1358/table4 (The averaged stellar parameters and abundances of "Literature", "Corrected-Literature" and "ab initio IRFM" data of near-MS stars sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/522/1358/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/522/1358/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/522/1358/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.9045833-35.52083330.0055555555555555566/118 146 154 373 798 2067 3814 3970 4101 4184 4376 4706 4714 5111 5113 5195 5373 5406 5458 6159 6186 6348 7334 8205 8335 8345 8377 8418 8455 8930 8990 8999 9004 9072 9162 9224 9438 9505 9996 10359 10376 10382 10943 11419 11442 11920 11999 12075 12621 12645 13020 13028 14298 14385 14743 16409 16531 16549 16587 16795 16803 16935 17124 17136 17509 17555 17730 17788 17858 18063 18108 18193 18519 18538 18785 18887 19017 19023 19239 19603 19752 19768 19903 20474 20646 20680 21971 22093 23011 23070 23207 25331 25385 25554 25870 25891 25944 25948 26025 26161 26284 26289 26530 26581 26961 26994 27176 27319 27330 27444 27446 27644 27659 27817 27948 28154 28336 28484 29777 30051 30179 30359 30577 30891 31094 31395 31403 31474 31677 31748 31826 32302 32343 32555 32593 32743 33131 33515 33526 33831 34600 34606 34684 34751 35527 35561 35576 35579 35710 35731 35736 35775 35913 36084 36459 36745 36813 36840 39446 39692 39911 40410 40567 40811 41259 42331 43445 43575 43786 44016 44125 44281 44542 44607 45788 46283 46506 46565 46699 46828 46871 47040 47147 47231 47347 47389 47519 48281 48517 48526 48719 48766 49009https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/522/1358?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/522/1358/table3*Multiple Observations of "Literature" and "Corrected-Literature" stellar parameters and abundances datarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID? Identifier raw number (StarNo)meta.idintnullableStarStar name (Starname)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainTeffLitEffective temperature from literature (Teff_Lit_)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintloggLitLogarithm of the surface gravity from literature (logg_Lit_)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatl_[Fe/H]LitUpper limit flag of [Fe/H]Litmeta.code.error;phys.abund.Fechar[Fe/H]LitIron to hydrogen abundace ratio from literature ([Fe/H]_Lit_)phys.abund.Fefloatl_A(Li)LitUpper limit flag of A(Li)Litmeta.code.errorcharA(Li)LitLithium abundance from literature (ALi_Lit_)phys.abundfloatTeffcorEffective temperature corrected value (Teff_cor_)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintl_[Fe/H]corUpper limit flag of [Fe/H]cormeta.code.error;phys.abund.Fechar[Fe/H]corIron to hydrogen abundace ratio corrected value ([Fe/H]_cor_)phys.abund.Fefloatl_A(Li)corUpper limit flag of A(Li)cormeta.code.errorcharA(Li)corLithium abundance corrected value (ALi_cor_)phys.abundfloatAuthorLiterature references of TeffLit, loggLit, [Fe/H]Lit and A(Li)Lit (Author) (1)meta.refcharJ/MNRAS/522/1358/table4The averaged stellar parameters and abundances of "Literature", "Corrected-Literature" and "ab initio IRFM" data of near-MS stars sampleStarStar name (Starname)meta.id;meta.mainchar[Fe/H]ab? Iron to hydrogen abundance ratio from the ab initio IRFM procedure as explained in section 3.3 ([Fe/H]_irfm_)phys.abund.Fefloatnullablel_A(Li)abUpper limit flag of A(Li)abmeta.code.errorcharA(Li)ab? Lithium abundance from the ab initio IRFM procedure as explained in section 3.3 (ALi_irfm_)phys.abundfloatnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainTeffLitEffective temperature from literature (Teff_Lit_)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintl_[Fe/H]LitUpper limit flag of [Fe/H]Litmeta.code.error;phys.abund.Fechar[Fe/H]LitIron to hydrogen abundace ratio from literature ([Fe/H]_Lit_)phys.abund.Fefloatl_A(Li)LitUpper limit flag of A(Li)Litmeta.code.errorcharA(Li)LitLithium abundance from literature (ALi_Lit_)phys.abundfloatTeffcorEffective temperature corrected value from IRFM scale by adopting the IRFM Teff values of Melendez et al. (2010A&A...515L...3M) as explained section 3.2 (Teff_cor_)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintl_[Fe/H]corUpper limit flag of [Fe/H]cormeta.code.error;phys.abund.Fechar[Fe/H]corIron to hydrogen abundance ratio corrected value from IRFM scale by adopting the IRFM Teff of Melendez et al. 2010A&A...515L...3M) as sect. 3.2 ([Fe/H]_cor_)phys.abund.Fefloatl_A(Li)corUpper limit flag of A(Li)cormeta.code.errorcharA(Li)corLithium abundance corrected value from IRFM scale by adopting the IRFM Teff values of Melendez et al. 2010A&A...515L...3M as explained section 3.2 (ALi_cor_)phys.abundfloatNThe number of data sources included in the average for each star (N)meta.numberintTeffab? Effective temperature from the ab initio IRFM procedure as explained in section 3.3 (Teff_irfm_)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullableJ/MNRAS/522/1358/table7The [C/Fe] for 78 near-main-sequence stars over three abundance rangesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarStar name (Starname)meta.id;meta.maincharn_StarNote on [Fe/H] ranges (1)meta.notecharTeffLitEffective temperature from literature (Teff)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintl_[Fe/H]LitUpper or lower limit flag of [Fe/H]Litmeta.code.error;phys.abund.Fechar[Fe/H]LitIron to hydrogen abundance ratio from literature ([Fe/H])phys.abund.Fefloatl_A(Li)LitUpper limit of flag [Fe/H]Litmeta.code.errorcharA(Li)LitLithium abundance from literature (ALi)phys.abundfloatl_[C/Fe]LitUpper or lower limit flag of [C/Fe]meta.code.error;phys.abundchar[C/Fe]LitCarbon to iron abundance ratio from literature ([C/Fe])phys.abundfloatAuthorLiterature references of [Fe/H], A(Li), [C/Fe] (Author) (2)meta.ref;phys.abund.Fechar