J/MNRAS/521/2087ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/521/2087doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75212087CDSViswanathan A.Starkenburg E.Koppelman H.Helmi A.Balbinot E.,Esselink A.F.2024-11-06T20:34:45Z2023-03-16T09:12:25ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxystellar-associationsstellar-distancemetallicityradial-velocityvisible-astronomyWith the advent of the European Space Agency's Gaia mission and its recent data releases EDR3 and DR3, the astronomy community has obtained the largest-ever cartograph of our Milky Way galaxy with unprecedented astrometric parameters. In this paper, we have presented a catalogue of ~47 million halo stars on the main sequence with high tangential velocity selected only using Gaia DR3 proper motions and photometry. This is made possible using the reduced proper motion that when plotted versus Gaia colours mimics the colour-magnitude diagram for populations with different tangential velocities. The distance makes up an important aspect of the 6D information often used in the study of the dynamical evolution of the Milky Way halo. Here, we calculate photometric distances to these stars with simple linear colour-magnitude relation for these stars on the main sequence. The typical uncertainty on these derived photometric distances is ~7% which is more reliable and probes farther away than would be possible using Gaia parallaxes. Using the colour range 0.45<(G-G_RP_)<0.715 where the main sequence is narrower, gives an even better accuracy down to 0.39kpc in distance. The distribution of these sources in the sky, together with their tangential component velocities, are very well-suited to study retrograde substructures. We explore the selection of two complex retrograde streams: GD-1 and Jhelum. For these streams, we resolve the gaps, wiggles and density breaks reported in the literature more clearly and also derive metallicity dependent distances. We also illustrate the effect of the kinematic selection bias towards high proper motion stars and incompleteness at larger distances due to Gaia's scanning law. These examples showcase how the full RPM catalogue made available here can help us paint a more detailed picture of the build-up of the Milky Way halo. It is a golden age to do Galactic Archaeology. Such a main sequence stars sample with the largest halo cartograph in the era of Gaia can also be used to provide spectroscopic targets to the next big spectroscopic surveys such as WEAVE, 4MOST, and SDSS-V because this catalogue complements the Gaia DR3 source spectra at the fainter end. Even low-resolution spectroscopic follow-up that can provide us with the missing line-of-sight velocities and/or metallicities can be extremely useful to disentangle the merger history of the inner stellar halo.2023MNRAS.521.2087Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/521/2087CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/2087https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/2087http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/2087https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/2087https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/2087http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/2087GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/2087/rpmgaia3 (Full reduced proper motion halo catalogue)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/rpmgaia3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/rpmgaia3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/rpmgaia3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true44.99832707810710.06633270720240.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1 (Member candidates of the stellar stream GD-1)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true131.02248615915398.09363984816550.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1-rv (Member candidates of the stellar stream GD-1 with radial velocities from SDSS SEGUE)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1-rv?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1-rv?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1-rv?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true162.3714847.2076250.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/2087/jhelum (Member candidates of the stellar stream Jhelum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/jhelum?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/jhelum?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/jhelum?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.8540784861358-54.60135552086250.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr (Member candidates of part of the stellar stream Sagittarius)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true18.6535974136576-22.95806950119870.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr-rv (Member candidates of part of the stellar stream Sagittarius with radial velocities from SDSS SEGUE)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr-rv?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr-rv?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr-rv?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true23.3108256568435-10.29647223005550.0055555555555555560/1-2 4 6 8 11 1/0 22 30 39 43 2/8-10 13 48-49 52-53 58-59 62-63 80 82 85 87 116-117 124 126-127 144 146 149 151-152 154 160 169-171 3/17-18 22-26 29 31 44-46 48 50 59 61-63 200-201 204-205 216-217 220-221 226-227 230 246-247 324 326-327 332-333 335 337 339 345 368-370 372-373 375-376 378-379 381 383 449 452-453 458-459 477 500 502-503 580 582 588 590 593 595 601 603 612 614 620 622 644-646 648 655-657 666-667 669-670 673-675 4/64 66 76 80 82-83 85-87 108 110 113 115 123 188 190 206-207 224 226 228 231 241-243 808-809 812-813 824-825 827-830 872-873 875-878 888-890 898-899 925-927 970-971 973-975 1300 1302-1303 1336 1338-1339 1345-1347 1353-1355 1376 1378 1384 1386-1387 1389 1391 1484 1486 1497 1499 1508-1510 1521 1523 1792-1793 1795 1817 1820-1821 1824 1826-1828 1830-1831 1842 1848 1850-1851 1854 1892-1893 1902 1904-1905 1907 2006-2007 2324-2326 2332 2334 2371 2377 2379 2400-2401 2403 2409-2411 2461 2463 2485-2487 2492-2494 2588-2590 2596-2598 2600-2601 2607 2617-2619 2632-2633 2640-2642 2644-2645 2658-2659 2662-2663 2673-2675 2684-2685 2687 2691 5/260 262 268 270-271 308 310-314 317 319 324-326 337 339 436 438 448 450 485-488 491 756-758 764 766 784 786 792 900 902 916-917 919-920 941-943 961 963 3240-3241 3244-3245 3256-3257 3260-3261 3304-3305 3307 3324-3326 3496-3497 3499 3516-3517 3564-3566 3568 3570 3608 3610-3611 3614-3615 3658-3659 3698-3699 3841 3869-3872 3874-3875 3877-3879 3889-3891 3913-3915 3918 3931 3933-3935 5204-5206 5348-5349 5351 5377 5379 5408 5410-5411 5509 5517 5519 5540-5542 5552-5553 5555 5561-5563 5940-5942 5948 5950 5984-5985 5987 6044-6046 6081-6083 6088 6090 6112 6114 6117 6119-6120 6122-6123 6125-6127 7176-7177 7179 7205 7210 7216-7217 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3278-3279 3284-3285 3287 3291 3293-3295 3604-3605 3613-3615 3632-3633 3636-3637 3639-3640 3644-3645 3672 3674-3675 3684-3685 3688 3690 3693-3695 3712-3714 3720-3721 3741-3743 3754 3757-3759 3761-3763 3840-3841 3843 3851 12984-12985 13048-13049 13052-13053 13224-13225 13227 13308-13310 13992 13994-13995 14072-14073 14076-14077 14268-14269 14276-14278 14284 14286-14289 14292-14293 14295 14298 14300-14301 14303-14304 14306 14309 14320-14322 14325 14346-14347 14351 14362 14436 14438-14439 14450 14455 14593 14596 14613 14626 14648 14650-14651 14654-14655 14657 14660-14661 14672-14673 14676 14681 14698 14714-14715 14784-14786 14788 14790-14791 15376-15378 15425 15428 15471 15493-15495 15504 15506-15507 15554-15555 15647-15650 15664 15666-15667 15669 15671 15676 15678-15679 15689-15691 15706 15709-15714 15720 15722-15723 15731 20828-20830 21400-21402 21504-21506 21512 21515 21636-21638 22032 22034-22035 22040 22042 22045-22047 22064 22066 22072 22074-22075 22172 22174-22175 22216-22218 22240 22242 23772-23773 23796 23798 23804 23806 23945 23947 23969 23971-23973 23975 23981 23983 24188 24190-24191 24322 24357-24359 24364 24366 24460 24462 24464-24465 24467 24473 24475 24484 24486 24497 24499 28712-28713 28715 28844 28846-28847 28893 28905-28907 28910-28911 29064-29065 29068-29069 29071 29105 29108-29109 29111 29152-29153 29155 29161 29164-29165 29176-29177 29179 29200 29202-29203 29206-29207 29270-29271 29443 29488 29490-29491 29514 29525 29538-29539 29589-29591 29633-29636 29638 29644-29646 29649 29651-29652 29654 29680 29682-29683 29686-29687 30208-30209 30211 30220-30221 30232-30233 30236-30237 30239 30304-30305 30308-30309 30320-30321 30323 30332-30333 30350 30367 30369-30371 30384 30386-30387 30410-30411 30414-30415 30448 30450-30451 30504-30505 30508-30509 30511 30609 30612-30613 30654-30655 30665 30668-30669 30680-30681 30683 30708-30709 32070-32071 32088 32090-32091 32094 37236 37238-37239 37336-37338 37340 37360 37708 37710 37740-37742 37746-37747 37750-37753 37832 37834 37851 37856 37858-37859 37868-37870 37874 37885 37887-37888 37890 37896 37903 37909-37911 37913-37915 37921-37923 37930-37931 38016-38017 38019 38026 38051 38057-38059 38440-38441 38443 38529-38531 39240-39241 39261 39263 39289 39291 39367-39368 39370-39371 39373-39375 39396-39397 39399 39754-39755 39920-39921 41468-41470 41588-41590 41592 41644-41646 41648-41650 41664-41666 41668 41672 41691 41694-41695 41702-41703 41705-41707 41732-41734 41741 41752-41753 41760-41761 41787 41790-41793 41796-41797 41808 41823 41830-41831 41833-41835 41841-41843 41863 41865-41867 42152-42153 42156 42160-42162 42164-42165 42188-42189 42196-42198 42200 42235 42300-42301 42344-42345 42348-42349 42351 42360 42368 42407 42409-42411 42417-42419 42423 42466-42467 42470-42471 42482-42483 42506-42507 42510-42511 42522 42563 42567 42577-42582 42752 42754-42755 42980-42982 43008-43009 43012 43017 43023 43029-43031 43033-43035 43051https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/521/2087?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/521/2087/rpmgaia3Full reduced proper motion halo cataloguerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedHGGaia G-band reduced proper motionmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleAvExtinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatNextExtinction fractionphys.absorption;arith.ratiofloatDistphPhotometric distancekpcpos.distancedoublee_DistphPhotometric distance errorkpcstat.errordoubleJ/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1Member candidates of the stellar stream GD-1DistphPhotometric distancekpcpos.distancedoublee_DistphPhotometric distance errorkpcstat.errordoubleDist[Fe/H]? Metallicity dependent distance from [Fe/H]kpcpos.distancedoublenullableE_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (upper value)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (lower value)kpcstat.error;phys.abund.FedoublenullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainHGGaia G-band reduced proper motionmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleAvExtinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatNextExtinction fractionphys.absorption;arith.ratiofloatJ/MNRAS/521/2087/gd-1-rvMember candidates of the stellar stream GD-1 with radial velocities from SDSS SEGUErecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainHGGaia G-band reduced proper motionmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleAvExtinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatNextExtinction fractionphys.absorption;arith.ratiofloatDistphPhotometric distancekpcpos.distancedoublee_DistphPhotometric distance errorkpcstat.errordoubleDist[Fe/H]? Metallicity dependent distance from [Fe/H]kpcpos.distancedoublenullableE_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (upper value)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (lower value)kpcstat.error;phys.abund.FedoublenullableRVRadial velocity from SDSS SEGUEkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity from SDSS SEGUE errorkm/sstat.errordoubleSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/MNRAS/521/2087/jhelumMember candidates of the stellar stream JhelumrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainHGGaia G-band reduced proper motionmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleAvExtinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatNextExtinction fractionphys.absorption;arith.ratiofloatDistphPhotometric distancekpcpos.distancedoublee_DistphPhotometric distance errorkpcstat.errordoubleDist[Fe/H]? Metallicity dependent distance from [Fe/H]kpcpos.distancedoublenullableE_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (upper value)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (lower value)kpcstat.error;phys.abund.FedoublenullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/MNRAS/521/2087/sgrMember candidates of part of the stellar stream SagittariusrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainHGGaia G-band reduced proper motionmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleAvExtinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatNextExtinction fractionphys.absorption;arith.ratiofloatDistphPhotometric distancekpcpos.distancedoublee_DistphPhotometric distance errorkpcstat.errordoubleDist[Fe/H]? Metallicity dependent distance from [Fe/H]kpcpos.distancedoublenullableE_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (upper value)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (lower value)kpcstat.error;phys.abund.FedoublenullableJ/MNRAS/521/2087/sgr-rvMember candidates of part of the stellar stream Sagittarius with radial velocities from SDSS SEGUErecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainHGGaia G-band reduced proper motionmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleAvExtinctionmagphys.absorptionfloatNextExtinction fractionphys.absorption;arith.ratiofloatDistphPhotometric distancekpcpos.distancedoublee_DistphPhotometric distance errorkpcstat.errordoubleDist[Fe/H]? Metallicity dependent distance from [Fe/H]kpcpos.distancedoublenullableE_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (upper value)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_Dist[Fe/H]? Error on Dist[Fe/H] (lower value)kpcstat.error;phys.abund.FedoublenullableRVRadial velocity from SDSS SEGUEkm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity from SDSS SEGUE errorkm/sstat.errordoubleSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar