J/MNRAS/521/208ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/521/208CDSMedan I.Lepine S.2026-06-12T12:45:39Z2026-06-12T13:42:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frk-starsdwarf-starsmilky-way-galaxychemical-abundancesstellar-associationsastrometryWe combine photometric metallicities with astrometry from Gaia DR3 to examine the chemodynamic structure of ~250000 K dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood (SN). In kinematics, we observe ridges/clumps of 'kinematic groups', like studies of more massive main-sequence stars. Here, we note clear differences in both metallicity and vertical velocity as compared with the surrounding regions in velocity space and hypothesize this is due to differences in mean age. To test this, we develop a method to estimate the age distribution of subpopulations of stars. In this method, we use GALAH data to define probability distributions of W versus [M/H] in age bins of 2 Gyr and determine optimal age distributions as the best-fitting weighted sum of these distributions. This process is then validated using the GALAH subset. We estimate the probable age distribution for regions in the kinematic plane, where we find significant substructure that is correlated with the kinematic groups. Most notably, we find an age gradient across the Hercules streams that is correlated with birth radius. Finally, we examine the bending and breathing modes as a function of age. From this, we observe potential hints of an increase in the bending amplitude with age, which will require further analysis in order to confirm it. This is one of the first studies to examine these chemodynamics in the SN using primarily low-mass stars and we hope these findings can better constrain dynamical models of the Milky Way due to the increase in resolution the sample size provides.2023MNRAS.521..208Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/521/208CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/506/150 : The GALAH+ Survey DR3 (Buder+, 2021)J/MNRAS/478/3809 : TGAS distances (Schonrich+, 2018)J/MNRAS/473/2004 : TESS-HERMES Survey Data Release 1 catalog (Sharma+, 2018)J/MNRAS/440/3430 : SDSS-2MASS-WISE stellar colour locus (Davenport+, 2014)J/A+A/669/A104 : Stellar parameters from Gaia DR3 (Kordopatis+, 2023)J/A+A/619/A72 : Milky Way disk kinematic sub-structures (Ramos+, 2018)J/A+A/430/165 : Radial velocities for 6691 K and M giants (Famaey+, 2005)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS starsJ/AJ/161/234 : 1.7 million K and M dwarfs cross-matching (Medan+, 2021)J/AJ/133/694 : Abundances in the HR 1614 moving group (De Silva+, 2007)VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC)V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 (DR16)V/117 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhoodIII/286 : APOGEE-2 DR17 final allStar catalog (Abdurro'uf+, 2022)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+,2016)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/208https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/208http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/521/208https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/208https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/208http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/521/208GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/521/208/table1 (The K and early M dwarfs stars from Gaia DR3 stars with G < 14 and RP < 14 with reliable photometric metallicity estimates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/208/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/208/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/521/208/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true283.193083986396.061580307470.0055555555555555561/2 6 9 11-13 17 19 21 2/5 12 16 20-22 31 33-35 40-42 57-59 61-62 65-66 72 74-75 81-83 89 92-93 98 100-101 104-106 108 111 117 123 126-127 141 143 157-159 174-175 189-191 3/0 3 6-7 10 14-15 24 26-27 29 31 53-56 60-61 63 68-70 72-74 77-79 93-95 112-113 115 117 119-121 123 129-131 173-175 224 226-227 240 243 253-255 259 268-270 292-293 295 323 353-355 360 363-364 377 380-382 389-391 397-398 408 410-414 429-431 437-439 441-442 464-465 477 487 489-491 497-499 502-503 543 559 563 568-569 571 607 623 627 687 691 694-695 735 751 755 4/4-5 8-10 19 33-37 39 44-45 47-50 52 54 69 72 75-76 100-101 103 113 115 120-121 123 209-211 228 230-231 233 235 237-239 248 250-251 284-286 300 302-304 306-307 368-370 456-457 459 464-465 467 473-475 488-489 491 513-515 688-690 900 902-903 964 966-968 970-971 1008-1009 1011 1029 1031 1033 1035 1084-1086 1177-1179 1287 1289 1291 1408 1410-1411 1444-1445 1449-1451 1460-1462 1464 1467 1471 1505-1507 1513-1516 1518 1532 1534-1535 1543 1547 1549-1553 1555 1585-1587 1596-1598 1637-1639 1660 1662-1663 1713-1715 1745-1747 1760-1762 1772 1774-1775 1808 1811-1813 1815 1826-1827 1831-1832 1835-1836 1842 1865-1868 1870-1871 1892-1893 1897-1899 1902-1906 1914-1917 1919 1923 1929-1931 1934 1940 1943 1946-1947 1952 1954-1955 1984 1986-1987 2000-2001 2003-2005 2007 2166-2167 2171 2229 2231 2235 2247 2249-2251 2281-2283 2423 2426-2427 2487 2490-2491 2501 2503 2507 2679 2682 2741 2743 2759 2763 2768-2769 2772 2774 2935 2939 2998-2999 3001-3003 3015 3019 5/25 27 29 44-45 47 64 66-69 71-73 75 81-86 89-92 94-95 128 130-131 152-153 155 184-185 187 204-206 212 214-215 222-223 257-258 261 264 271-272 275 283-285 293 295-296 298 309-312 314-315 317-319 408-410 448-450 456-457 459 489 491 835 916-917 919 928 930-931 936 938-939 944 946-947 997-999 1148-1150 1204-1206 1220-1221 1223 1484-1485 1487 1832-1834 1864-1866 1888-1890 1961-1963 2048-2049 2051 2764 2766-2767 3604-3606 3860-3862 3876 3878-3879 4040-4042 4111 4113 4115 4121-4123 4137-4139 4348-4349 4351 4705-4707 5139 5141-5143 5145-5147 5161-5163 5636-5637 5639 5784 5786 5789-5791 5793-5795 5853-5854 5860-5862 5864 5866-5867 5872-5874 5876-5878 5880 5882-5883 6016-6018 6049-6051 6068 6070-6071 6079 6132 6134-6135 6165-6167 6170-6171 6181-6183 6185-6187 6192-6193 6195 6216-6217 6219 6336-6337 6339 6397-6399 6545-6547 6645-6647 6848-6850 6976-6978 7053-7055 7092-7094 7189 7191 7193 7236-7237 7239 7242-7243 7257-7259 7264-7265 7268 7270 7277 7280-7282 7284-7285 7287 7294 7296 7298-7299 7302 7315 7319 7321-7323 7332-7333 7335-7337 7348 7350-7352 7354 7356-7357 7362-7363 7366 7372 7391-7392 7394 7396-7397 7401 7404 7408 7410-7413 7417 7419 7422-7423 7456-7458 7476 7478-7479 7552 7556-7557 7559 7566-7567 7576-7577 7579-7581 7583-7586 7600 7602-7603 7606-7607 7628-7629 7631 7648 7651-7654 7674-7675 7681 7686 7688 7690-7691 7700 7702 7705 7707 7711 7713-7715 7728 7730-7731 7735 7740-7741 7743 7750 7755 7758-7759 7764-7766 7768-7769 7771 7776 7778-7779 7781-7783 7812-7813 7940 7942-7943 8008 8010-8011 8024 8026-8027 8653 8655 8661-8663 8675 8677-8681 8683 8921 8923 8933-8935 8937-8939 8975 8979 8981-8983 8985-8987 8995 9120 9122-9123 9679 9685-9687 9689-9691 9701-9703 9919 9941-9943 9945-9947 9957-9959 10009-10011 10021-10023 10025-10027 10709-10711 10713-10715 10723 10725 10727 10732 10734-10735 10737-10738 10740-10741 10749 10959 10963 10969-10971 10979 10981-10983 10985-10987 10989-10991 11029-11031 11033-11035 11045-11047 11049-11051 11081-11084 11086-11087 11095 11100 11102-11103 11733-11735 11737-11739 11749-11751 11753-11755 11987 11989-11991 12003 12053-12055 12057-12059 12067 12069-12071 12073-12075 6/96-98 104-105 107 112-114 122 124 126-127 185-187 260-261 263 280 282-283 296-298 320-322 348 350 352 354-355 374 516-518 616-617 619 744-746 828 830-831 852-854 880-882 885-887 1025-1027 1036 1038-1042 1049-1051 1053 1055 1060 1062-1064 1066-1067 1069-1072 1074-1077 1079 1081-1083 1092 1095-1096 1098-1099 1120 1123-1126 1129-1131 1144 1146-1147 1149-1151 1168-1169 1171 1178-1179 1188-1189 1191 1197-1199 1232-1234 1252-1253 1255 1264-1266 1644-1645 1647 1804 1806-1807 1832 1834-1835 1952 1954-1955 1960-1961 3328 3330-3333 3335 3337-3339 3672-3673 3675 3717-3719 3748 3750-3751 3780-3782 3984-3985 3987 4604-4606 4828-4830 4888-4890 5944-5946 7340 7342-7343 7469-7471 7564 7566-7567 7840-7841 7843 8200-8202 11060 11062-11063 14428-14430 15452 15454-15455 15508-15509 15511 16172 16174-16175 16439 16443 16481-16483 16526-16527 16546-16547 17400-17401 17403 18816 18818-18819 20534-20535 20541-20543 20551 20553 20555 20561-20563 20577-20579 20615 20620-20621 20623 20641-20643 22552-22553 22555 23140-23142 23149-23150 23152-23153 23155 23169-23171 23409-23411 23420 23422-23423 23452 23454-23455 23460 23462-23463 23500-23502 23517-23519 23525-23527 24076 24078-24079 24192-24193 24195 24276-24277 24304-24306 24309-24314 24532-24533 24535 24637 24639 24653 24655 24658-24659 24675 24677-24679 24717-24721 24723 24738-24739 24776-24778 24872 24874-24875 25352 25354-25355 25584 25586-25587 26176-26178 26576-26577 26579 27404 27406-27407 27917-27919 28209-28211 28381-28383 28751 28754-28755 28761-28763 28780 28782 28784-28785 28787-28789 28791-28793 28796-28798 28825 28834 28839 28843-28844 28846 28851-28852 28855-28858 28862 28871-28872 28875 28878 28881 28883 28885-28886 28888 28891-28893 28899 28904 28919 28926 28953 28955 28960-28961 28963-28965 28967 29024-29025 29027 29065-29067 29069 29071 29077-29079 29084-29086 29090 29093 29095 29104-29105 29107 29113-29115 29117-29119 29132-29134 29144-29146 29153-29156 29158-29159 29163-29165 29167 29169-29173 29175 29180-29181 29188 29190-29191 29202-29203 29212-29214 29249-29251 29253-29254 29259 29266 29269 29271-29274 29280 29282-29283 29336-29337 29353-29354 29358 29396-29397 29399 29412 29415 29420 29422-29423 29433-29437 29440 29442-29443 29446 29456 29458-29459 29462-29463 29469-29470 29492 29494-29497 29499-29501 29503 29508-29509 29514-29515 29520 29522 29525-29527 29530 29536 29538 29540 29543 29546-29547 29549 29551 29557-29558 29560-29561 29563 29572 29574-29575 29583 29592-29593 29597-29600 29602-29603 29608 29610-29612 29614 29620-29621 29623-29626 29628-29630 29636 29638 29656 29659-29660 29662-29663 29665-29667 29672-29674 29680 29683 29685-29687 29836 29838-29839 29909-29911 30212-30214 30217-30218 30220-30221 30232-30234 30240-30241 30244 30246 30248 30250-30252 30254-30257 30259-30260 30262-30263 30314-30315 30329-30331 30348-30349 30351 30404 30407 30417 30419-30420 30423 30520-30522 30596-30597 30599-30602 30620-30622 30688-30690 30695 30721 30723 30728 30730-30731 30733 30735-30738 30740 30742-30743 30748 30750-30751 30756-30757 30759 30786-30790 30793-30795 30797 30804-30805 30807 30812 30816-30818 30824-30826 30833-30834 30838-30842 30848 30850-30851 30917-30919 30928-30930 30933 30935-30936 30938-30939 30968 30970-30971 30976-30977 30980-30981 30985-30988 30990-30991 30995-30996 30998-30999 31005-31007 31009-31010 31012-31014 31016 31018-31019 31027 31029 31031 31068-31070 31080-31081 31083 31108 31110-31111 31120 31122-31123 31256 31258 31260-31261 31263 31764-31765 31767 32036 32038-32039 32100-32102 34295 34299 34301-34303 34557 34559 34591 34631 34633-34635 34637-34639 34641-34643 34699 34705-34707 34728-34729 34731 35319 35321 35323 35325-35327 35573 35575 35581-35583 35645-35647 35655 35659 35661 35663 35681-35683 35688 35690-35691 35727 35730-35731 35745-35747 35898-35899 35921 35923 35937 35939 35975 36484-36486 38397 38399 38653-38655 38715 38735 38738-38739 38753-38755 38798-38799 38801-38803 39421 39423 39665 39669-39671 39675 39741-39743 39757-39759 39761 39763 39777-39779 39822-39823 39825 39827 39997-39999 40007 40013-40015 40034-40035 40077-40079 40081-40083 40097-40099 42494-42495 42749 42751 42813-42815 42829-42831 42834-42835 42849-42851 42887 42897 42899 42905-42907 42932-42934 42944-42945 42947 42956-42958 42968 42970 42972-42973 42975-42977 42983-42984 42986-42988 42990-42991 42995 43000 43002 43005-43007 43517-43519 43773-43775 43830 43833 43835 43846-43847 43849 43851 43873-43875 43921-43923 43937-43939 43952-43953 43955 44087 44093-44095 44107 44109-44111 44113 44115 44129-44131 44171 44173 44175 44177-44179 44193 44195 44320 44322-44323 44340-44341 44343 44368-44370 44375 44377-44379 44405-44407 46583 46589-46591 46845-46847 46907 46909-46911 46926-46927 46929-46931 46945-46947 46989-46991 46993-46995 47010-47011 47613-47614 47871 47919 47933-47935 47943 47953-47955 48005-48007 48009 48011 48189 48191 48205-48207 48209-48211 48226-48227 48263 48273 48275 48290-48291https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/521/208?format=asciidefaultJ/MNRAS/521/208/table1The K and early M dwarfs stars from Gaia DR3 stars with G < 14 and RP < 14 with reliable photometric metallicity estimatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3The GaiaDR3 source ID (source_id)meta.id;meta.main2M-AllWISE-PS1Display the 2MASS, AllWISE and Pan-STARRS data linkedmeta.ref.urlcharRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (ra)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (dec)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedUGalactic U velocity (U)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xdouble[M/H]Photometric metallicity estimated with calibrated relationship from Medan et al. (2021AJ....161..234M, Cat. J/AJ/161/234) as described in sect. 2 ([M/H])log(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloate_[M/H]Standard deviation on photometric metallicity ({sigma}[M/H])log(Sun)stat.error;phys.abundfloatVGalactic V velocity (V)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.ydoubleWGalactic W velocity (W)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zdoublexmixThe xmix coordinate = R_G_*cos({phi}) as defined in eq. 2 of sect. 2.2 where {phi} is current azimuth of star and R_G_ is the guiding center defined in eq. 1 of sect. 2.2 (x_mix_)kpcpos.posAngfloat