J/MNRAS/520/1390ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/520/1390doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75201390CDSSzilagyi M.Kun M.Abraham P.Marton G.2025-01-29T20:11:21Z2023-03-15T07:39:24ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fropen-star-clustersvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxproper-motionsradial-velocityphotometryinfrared-photometrystellar-distanceOB associations, birthplaces of the most luminous stars, are key objects for understanding the formation of high-mass stars and their effects on their environments. The aim of this work is to explore the structure and kinematics of the Cepheus OB2 association and characterize the history of star formation in the region - in particular, the role of the Cepheus Bubble, surrounding Cepheus OB2. Based on Gaia DR3 data, we study the spatial and age distribution and kinematics of young stars in the region. We select candidate pre-main-sequence stars in the MG versus GBP-GRP colour-magnitude diagram, and using a clustering algorithm, we identify 13 stellar groups belonging to Cep OB2. Four groups, consisting of 10-13Myr old low- and intermediate-mass stars, are located in the interior of the bubble and are part of the oldest subsystem of the association Cep OB2a. Younger groups are found on the periphery. The tangential velocities suggest that some groups on the periphery were born in an expanding system of star-forming clouds, whereas others have been formed due to the collision of their parent cloud with the expanding bubble.2023MNRAS.520.1390Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/520/1390CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/520/1390https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/520/1390http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/520/1390https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/520/1390https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/520/1390http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/520/1390GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/520/1390/table1 (High-mass stars of Cepheus OB2 between 800 and 1000pc)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true327.510345652.69731560.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/520/1390/table2 (Mean parameters of the groups)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true325.499240664521966.16540099994030.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/520/1390/table3 (Parameters of the individual group members)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/520/1390/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true323.764946861404866.48797177563550.0055555555555555565/3869 3914-3916 3936 6/14075 15481 15484-15486 15511 15553 15556 15560 15569-15571 15573-15574 15576-15577 15611 15631 15638 15642-15643 15648 15652-15653 15655 15668 15670 15672-15674 15748-15750 15757-15759 15780-157818.650015785639275e-20 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/520/1390?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/520/1390/table1High-mass stars of Cepheus OB2 between 800 and 1000pc_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameSimbad namemeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source idmeta.idDistDistance from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021, Cat. I/352)pcpos.distancedoubleb_Dist16th percentile of distance posterior from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021, Cat. I/352)pcpos.distancedoubleB_Dist84th percentile of distance posterior from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021, Cat. I/352)pcpos.distancedoublepmRAProper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAError of the proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDEProper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEError of the proper motion in declinationmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleRV? Radial velocity from Gaia DR3km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_RV? Error of the radial velocity from Gaia DR3km/sstat.errordoublenullableRVl? Radial velocity from literaturekm/sspect.dopplerVelocdoublenullablee_RVl? Error of the radial velocity from literaturekm/sstat.errordoublenullabler_MembMembership reference (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharr_RVl? Radial velocity reference (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/520/1390/table2Mean parameters of the groupsGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latDistDistancepcpos.distancedoublee_DistStandard deviation of the distancepcstat.errordoublevlLSRmeanTangential velocity in galactic longitude compared to the LSRkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrdoubleSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGroupGroup identifiermeta.id.parentintNameHistorical namemeta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lone_vlLSRmeanStandard deviation of the tangential velocity in galactic longitude compared to the LSRkm/sstat.errordoublevbLSRmeanTangential velocity in galactic latitude compared to the LSRkm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.lsrdoublee_vbLSRmeanStandard deviation of the tangential velocity in galactic latitude compared to the LSRkm/sstat.errordoubleE(B-V)Colour excess E(B-V)magphot.color.excessfloatAgeAge (million yrs)Myrtime.agefloatNNumber of group membersmeta.numberintNradNumber of group members with radial velocities measured by Gaiameta.numberintNysoNumber of group members identified as YSOs in Marton et al. (2022, in prep., arXiv:2211.17238)meta.numberintNrsNumber of group members identified as RS Canum Venaticorum variable in Gaia DR3meta.numberintNotherNumber of group members identified as other type of variables in Gaia DR3meta.numberintJ/MNRAS/520/1390/table3Parameters of the individual group membersBPmagMagnitude in GBP bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoubleRPmagMagnitude in GRP bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.RdoubleJmag? Magnitude in 2MASS J bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag? Magnitude in 2MASS H bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag? Magnitude in 2MASS Ks bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableE(B-V)Colour excess E(B-V) from STILISMmagphot.color.excessdoubleALLWISEClassYSO type by the classification of Koenig & Leisawitz (2014ApJ...791..131K)src.classcharBestClassNameVariable star type in Gaia DR3src.classcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2000, proper motions taken into accountdegpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGroupGroup identifiermeta.id.parentintNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source idmeta.id2MASS2MASS identifiermeta.idcharAllWISEAllWISE identifiermeta.idcharRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latdoubleDistDistance from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021, Cat. I/352)pcpos.distancedoubleb_Dist16th percentile of distance posterior from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021, Cat. I/352)pcpos.distancedoubleB_Dist84th percentile of distance posterior from Bailer-Jones et al. (2021, Cat. I/352)pcpos.distancedoubleplxParallaxmaspos.parallax.trigdoublee_plxError of the parallaxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxdoublepmRAProper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRAError of the proper motion in Ramas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.radoublepmDEProper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDEError of the proper motion in Decmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decdoubleRV? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_RV? Error of the radial velocitykm/sstat.errordoublenullableRUWERenormalized unit-weight errorstat.errordoubleGmagMagnitude in G bandmagphot.mag;em.optdouble