J/MNRAS/519/6349ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/519/6349CDSDe Jaeger T.Shappee B.J.Kochanek C.S.Hinkle J.T.Garrappa S.,Liodakis I.Franckowiak A.Stanek K.Z.Beacom J.F.Prieto J.L.2026-04-23T07:59:31Z2026-04-23T08:46:10ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesactive-galactic-nucleiquasarsspectroscopyphotometrygamma-ray-astronomyvisible-astronomyradio-sourcesastrometryredshiftedgamma-ray-burstsUsing blazar light curves from the optical All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) and the {gamma}-ray Fermi-LAT telescope, we performed the most extensive statistical correlation study between both bands, using a sample of 1180 blazars. This is almost an order of magnitude larger than other recent studies. Blazars represent more than 98 per cent of the AGNs detected by Fermi- LAT and are the brightest {gamma}-ray sources in the extragalactic sky. They are essential for studying the physical properties of astrophysical jets from central black holes. However, their {gamma}-ray flare mechanism is not fully understood. Multiwavelength correlations help constrain the dominant mechanisms of blazar variability. We search for temporal relationships between optical and {gamma}-ray bands. Using a Bayesian Block Decomposition, we detect 1414 optical and 510 {gamma}-ray flares, we find a strong correlation between both bands. Among all the flares, we find 321 correlated flares from 133 blazars, and derive an average rest-frame time delay of only 1.1_-8.5_^+7.1^ d, with no difference between the flat-spectrum radio quasars, BL Lacertae-like objects or low, intermediate, and high-synchrotron peaked blazar classes. Our time-delay limit rules out the hadronic proton-synchrotron model as the driver for non-orphan flares and suggests a leptonic single-zone model. Limiting our search to well-defined light curves and removing 976 potential but unclear 'orphan' flares, we find 191 (13 per cent) and 115 (22 per cent) clear 'orphan' optical and {gamma}-ray flares. The presence of 'orphan' flares in both bands challenges the standard one-zone blazar flare leptonic model and suggests multizone synchrotron sites or a hadronic model for some blazars.2023MNRAS.519.6349Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/519/6349CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/480/5517 : Multiwavelength cross-correlations in blazarsJ/MNRAS/439/690 : Optical/{gamma}-ray variability in blazars (Hovatta+, 2014)J/ApJ/893/L20 : Proton synchrotron gamma-rays in blazars (Liodakis+, 2020)J/ApJ/880/32 : Optical/{gamma}-ray flares for Fermi-LAT blazarsJ/ApJ/866/137 : Bright blazars variability brightness temp. (Liodakis+,2018)J/ApJ/864/84 : Swift follow-up obs. of the TXS 0506+056 blazarJ/ApJ/789/135 : Gamma-ray bright blazars spectrophotometryJ/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)J/ApJ/716/30 : SED of Fermi bright blazars (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJS/247/33 : The Fermi LAT fourth source catalog (4FGL)J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)J/ApJS/183/46 : Fermi/LAT bright gamma-ray source list (0FGL) (Abdo+, 2009)II/366 : ASAS-SN catalog of variable stars (Jayasinghe+, 2018-2020)IX/67 : Incremental Fermi LAT 4th source cat. (4FGL-DR3)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/519/6349https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/519/6349http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/519/6349https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/519/6349https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/519/6349http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/519/6349GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/519/6349/tablea1 (Relevant informations and properties of our blazars sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/6349/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/6349/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/6349/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.3151-7.79710.0055555555555555566/60 100 110 166 189 226 267 376 398 438 441 472 514 532 556 576 579 700 716 720 731 770 809 911 967-968 1085 1094 1315 1342 1509 1546 1593 1626 1741 1782 2066 2094 2122 2140 2143 2228 2234 2331 2404 2414 2434 2439 2460 2574 2621 2636 2661 2704 2722 2750 2754 2788 2808 2822 2836 2867 2879 3017 3023-3024 3096 3129 3338 3366 3404 3431 3465 3492 3566 3616 3629 3712 3728 3820 3876 3882 3886 3951 4091 4267 4312 4352 4407 4435 4572 4695 4723 4766 4770 4820 4825 4865 4880 4941 4964 5139 5162 5191 5201 5284 5352-5353 5361 5371 5390 5404-5405 5423 5448 5453 5458 5460 5462 5546 5553 5589 5597 5614 5649 5693 5766 5771 5775 5781 5792 5795 5817 5848 5870 5878 5992 5999 6018 6039 6062 6088 6101 6104 6110 6164 6167 6219 6268 6368 6385 6496 6501 6507 6548 6559 6582 6601 6636 6638 6647 6777 6815 6822 6888 6923 6948 6957 6963 6984 7004 7028 7035 7038 7045 7091 7131 7149 7212 7235 7245 7248 7285 7315 7319 7346 7354 7389 7426 7446 7475 7518 7548 7570 7623 7653 7655 7709 7758 7777 7851 7896 7907 7911 7951 8004 8031 8057 8071 8089 8091 8100 8145 8177 8290 8299 8321 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44669 44704 44713 44730 44791 44902 44971 45011 45081 45122 45146 45178 45196 45214 45242 45406 45491 45612 45681 45713 45774 45836 45943 45972 46055 46157 46204 46251 46258 46285 46310 46331 46337 46354 46370 46373-46374 46394 46444-46445 46448 46501 46547 46608 46617 46723 46740 46744 46787 46798 46835 46852 46872 46886 46921 46963-46966 47014 47016 47046 47057 47070 47080 47106 47151 47154 47249 47277 47319 47327 47375 47413 47442 47463 47506 47533-47534 47540 47605 47630 47649 47675 47708 47714 47912 47943 47960 48023 48123 48154 48245 48345 48352 48388 48528 48595 48624 48629 48685 48758 48778 48798 48829 48841 48858 48885 48962 48974 48985 49037 49071 49083 49145https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/519/6349?format=asciiGamma-rayOpticalRadiodefaultJ/MNRAS/519/6349/tablea1Relevant informations and properties of our blazars samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint4FGL4FGL-DR3 name identifier from Abdollahi et al. 2022ApJS..260...53A, Cat. IX/67 (4FGL_Name)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) (Dec)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainAssociatedSource name to the {gamma}-ray emissions linked to Simbad database (Association)meta.id.assoccharClassSource class type (Class) (1)src.classcharSEDSpectral energy distribution class type (SED_class) (2)src.classcharz? The spectroscopic redshift (redshift)src.redshiftfloatnullableFlaresFlag to indicates if significant flares in the optical and/or {gamma}-rays light curves is display (Flares) (3)meta.codechartlag? The rest-frame time lag between optical and {gama}-rays flares (Lags) (4)dtime;arith.difffloatnullablee_tlag? Uncertainty of tlag (Lags) (4)dstat.errorfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar