J/MNRAS/519/5554ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/519/5554doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75195554CDSArentsen A.Aguado D.S.Sestito F.Gonzalez-Hernandez J.I.Martin N.F.,Starkenburg E.Jablonka P.Yuan Z.2024-08-22T20:16:51Z2023-02-06T15:08:51ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemically-peculiar-starsradial-velocitychemical-abundanceseffective-temperaturevisible-astronomysloan-photometrystellar-distanceUltra metal-poor stars ([Fe/H]<-4.0) are very rare, and finding them is a challenging task. Both narrow-band photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy have been useful tools for identifying candidates, and in this work we combine both approaches. We cross-matched metallicity-sensitive photometry from the Pristine survey with the low-resolution spectroscopic LAMOST database, and re- analysed all LAMOST spectra with [Fe/H]_Pristine_<-2.5. We find that ~1/3rd of this sample (selected without [Fe/H]_Pristine quality cuts) also have spectroscopic [Fe/H]<-2.5. From this sample, containing many low signal-to- noise (S/N) spectra, we selected eleven stars potentially having [Fe/H]<-4.0 or [Fe/H]<-3.0 with very high carbon abundances, and we performed higher S/N medium-resolution spectroscopic follow-up with OSIRIS on the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We confirm their extremely low metallicities, with a mean of [Fe/H]=-3.4 and the most metal-poor star having [Fe/H]=-3.8. Three of these are clearly carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars with +1.65<[C/Fe]<+2.45. The two most carbon-rich stars are either among the most metal-poor CEMP-s stars or the most carbon-rich CEMP-no stars known, the third is likely a CEMP-no star. We derived orbital properties for the OSIRIS sample and find that only one of our targets can be confidently associated with known substructures/accretion events, and that three out of four inner halo stars have prograde orbits. Large spectroscopic surveys may contain many hidden extremely and ultra metal-poor stars, and adding additional information from e.g. photometry as in this work can uncover them more efficiently and confidently.2023MNRAS.519.5554Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/519/5554CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)V/164 : LAMOST DR5 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)J/AN/338/686 : Pristine survey II. Bright stars abundances (Caffau+, 2017)J/MNRAS/472/2963 : Metallicities of Pristine stars (Youakim+, 2017)J/MNRAS/487/3797 : A bright star sample observed with SOPHIE (Bonifacio+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/519/5554https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/519/5554http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/519/5554https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/519/5554https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/519/5554http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/519/5554GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/519/5554/table1 (*EMP candidates from Pristine and LAMOST)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/5554/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/5554/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/5554/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true181.2158105491430.331284534770.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/519/5554/table2 (Summary of OSIRIS observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/5554/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/5554/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/519/5554/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.47112532.04163890.0055555555555555566/667 685 687 691 726 729 764 902 909 2077 2148 2156 2168 2244 2252 2257 2280 2308 4215 4339 4350 4366 4378 4381 4389 4406 4484 4494 4688 4920 5012 5019-5020 5023 5036 5047 5088 5095 5102 5549 5561 5590 5713 5720 5723-5725 5791 5807 5812 5828 5848 5859 5880 5885 5908 5910 5912-5914 5919-5920 5927 5973 5976 5997 6003 6020 6022 6024-6025 6028-6029 6036 6045 6048 6050 6064-6065 6175 6210 6246 6435 6509 6521 6525 6551-6552 6559 6599 6616 6997 7172 7208 7211 7217 7232 7238 7243 7245 7251 7260 7269 7274 7307 7317 7331 7339 8201 8239 8243 8250 8276 8278-8279 8282 8301 8308 8330 8335 8354 8372 8386-8387 8394 8398 8429 8431 8438 8440 8445 8455 8466 8480 8495 8529 8536 8734 8743 8750 8770 8782 8832 8956 9090 9130 9138 9140 9150 9170 9260 9266 9274 9314 9330 9334-9335 9348 9360 9367 9371 9423 9474 9534 9614 9817 9835 9840 9849 9852 9885 9937 9969-9970 9977 10357 10449 10499 10574 10588 10593 10658 10660 10662-10664 10670 10672 10690-10692 10860 10864-10865 10874-10875 10907 10915 10944 10985 10995 11002 11008 11012 11015 11022 11029 11038-11039 11058 11277 11279 12371 12373 12379 12547 12551 12616 12625 12653 12672 12720 13341 13401 13411 18354 18864 18866 18875 18891 18911 18921 19035 19038 19059 19069 19139 19155 19165 19186 19201 19208 19211 19213 19220 19229 19231 19239 19257 19266 19275 19294 19297-19300 19307 19312 19321 19324 19326 19329 19338 19344 19356 19360 19362 19374 19378-19379 19404 19413 19426 19451 19465 19467 19493 19499 19501 19584 19590 19601 19623 19642 19684 19709 19725 19727 19762-19763 19768 19792 19822 19896 19903 19935 19965 19972 19992 20002 20009-20010 20025 20064 20074-20075 20080 20091 20098 20102 20106 20130 20133 20163 20169 20177 20182 20186 20236 20318 20330 20340 20343 20359 26023 26028 26032 26066 26103-26104 26110 26202 26213 26220 26227 26232 26265 26279 26285 26296 26298 26310 26316 26329 26338 26377 26404 26410 26425 26435 26456-26457 26459-26460 26467 26470 26475 26478 26480 26495-26496 26511 26520 26522 26539-26540 26544-26545 26549 26553 26561 26565 26575 26579 26581 26585 26601 26607 26619 27055 27068 27071 27408-27409 27464 27483 27500 27644 27648 27651-27652 27670 27713 27720 27729 27742 27751 27753 27756 27760 27893 27906 27912-27913 27920 27936 27939 27950 27968 27973 27980 27985 28042 28323 28445 28480 28482 28484 28488-28489 28492 28495-28496 28513 28515 28523 28536 28538-28540 28671 31355 31435 31444 31450 31456 31472 31474-31475 31478 31487 31598 31625 31658-31659 31672 31731 32298 324933.588997330618193e-19 6.090060298487514e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/519/5554?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/519/5554/table1*EMP candidates from Pristine and LAMOSTrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLAMOSTName of the LAMOST spectrum analysedmeta.idcharRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 from Gaia DR3degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 from Gaia DR3degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.id;meta.mainTeffFERREEffective temperature from FERREKphys.temperature.effectivefloate_TeffFERRE? Uncertainty in the effective temperatureKstat.errorfloatnullableloggFERRESurface gravity from FERRElog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_loggFERRE? Uncertainty in the surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloatnullable[Fe/H]FERREMetallicity [Fe/H] from FERREphys.abund.Zdoublee_[Fe/H]FERRE? Uncertainty in [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fedoublenullable[C/Fe]FERRE? Carbon abundance [C/Fe] from FERREphys.abunddoublenullablee_[C/Fe]FERRE? Uncertainty in [C/Fe]stat.error;phys.abunddoublenullableSNRFERRESignal-to-noise ratiostat.snrfloatlogchi2FERREChi squared of the fitstat.fit.chi2;stat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatJ/MNRAS/519/5554/table2Summary of OSIRIS observationsStarDesignation assigned in this work (LPNN)meta.id;meta.maincharLAMOSTLAMOST designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source_idmeta.idRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.maingmagSDSS g-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatExpTimetotal exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintSN392Signal-to-noise at 392nmstat.snrintSN450Signal-to-noise at 450nmstat.snrintNobs[1/4] Number of observationmeta.numberintObs.DateObservation date(s)time.epoch;obscharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintumagSDSS u-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.UfloatJ/MNRAS/519/5554/table3Orbital properties of the OSIRIS samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarDesignation assigned in this work (LPNN)meta.id;meta.maincharRVRadial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVRadial velocity uncertaintykm/sstat.errorintDistDistancekpcpos.distancefloate_DistDistance uncertaintykpcstat.errorfloatpDistProbability of distance solutionstat.fit.goodnessfloatzmaxMaximum distance from the Milky Way planekpcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticdoubleE_zmaxPositive asymmetric zmax uncertaintykpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_zmaxNegative asymmetric zmax uncertaintykpcstat.errordoubleapoApocentric distancekpcpos.distance;src.orbitaldoubleE_apoPositive asymmetric apo uncertaintykpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_apoNegative asymmetric apo uncertaintykpcstat.errordoubleperiPericentric distancekpcpos.distance;src.orbitaldoubleE_periPositive asymmetric peri uncertaintykpcstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_periNegative asymmetric peri uncertaintykpcstat.errordoubleE_ellPositive asymmetric ell uncertaintystat.error;stat.maxdoublee_ellNegative asymmetric ell uncertaintystat.errordoubleEEnergykpc.km**2.s**-2phys.energydoubleE_EPositive asymmetric E uncertaintykpc.km**2.s**-2stat.error;stat.maxdoublee_ENegative asymmetric E uncertaintykpc.km**2.s**-2stat.errordoublejpJ_phi actionkpc.km/sphys.angMomentumdoubleE_jpPositive asymmetric jp uncertaintykpc.km/sstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_jpNegative asymmetric jp uncertaintykpc.km/sstat.errordoublejrJ_r actionkpc.km/sphys.angMomentumdoubleE_jrPositive asymmetric jr uncertaintykpc.km/sstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_jrNegative asymmetric jp uncertaintykpc.km/sstat.errordoublejzJ_z actionkpc.km/sphys.angMomentumdoubleE_jzPositive asymmetric jr uncertaintykpc.km/sstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_jzNegative asymmetric jr uncertaintykpc.km/sstat.errordoubleellEllipticitysrc.ellipticitydoubleJ/MNRAS/519/5554/table4Stellar parameters of the OSIRIS samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarDesignation assigned in this work (LPNN)meta.id;meta.maincharTeffEffective temperature from FERREKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffUncertainty in TeffKstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravity from FERRElog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_loggUncertainty in logglog(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloat[Fe/H]Metallicity [Fe/H] from FERREphys.abund.Zfloate_[Fe/H]Uncertainty in [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatl_[C/Fe]Limit flag on [C/Fe]meta.code.error;phys.abundchar[C/Fe]Carbon abundance [C/Fe] from FERRE (1)phys.abundfloate_[C/Fe]? Uncertainty in [C/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableCorr? Evolutionary carbon correction (according to Placco et al., 2014ApJ...797...21Pi, Cat. J/ApJ/797/21)arith.factorfloatnullable