J/MNRAS/517/962ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/517/962doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75170962CDSDunne L.Maddox S.Papadopoulous P.P.Ivison R.J.Gomez H.L.2024-08-22T20:16:32Z2022-12-30T09:49:16ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesinfrared-sourcesinterstellar-mediumco-line-emissionWe present a self-consistent cross-calibration of the three main molecular gas mass tracers in galaxies, namely the ^12^CO(1-0), [CI](^3^P_!_-^3^P_0_) lines,and the submm dust continuum emission, using asample of 407 galaxies, ranging from local disks to submillimetre-selected galaxies (SMGs) up to z~6. A Bayesian statistical method is used to produce galaxy-scale universal calibrations of these molecular gas indicators that hold over 3-4 orders of magnitude in infrared luminosity, L_IR_. Regarding the dust continuum, we use a mass-weighted dust temperature, T_mw_, determined using new empirical relations between temperature and luminosity. We find the average L/M_mol_ gas mass conversion factors (including He) to be {alpha}_850_=6.9x10^12^mW/Hz/M_{sun}_, {alpha}_CO_=4.0M_{sun}_/(K.(km/s)/pc^2^} and {alpha}_CI_=17.0M_{sun}/(K.(km/s)/pc^2^), based on the assumption that the mean dust properties of the sample ({kappa}_H_= gas-to-dust ratio/dust emissivity) will be similar to those of local metal rich galaxies and the Milky Way. The tracer with the least intrinsic scatter is CI(1-0), while CO(1-0) has the highest. The conversion factors show a weak but significant correlation with L_IR_ which is not apparent when T_mw_ is held constant. Assuming dust properties typical of metal-rich galaxies, we infer a neutral carbon abundance X_CI_=[C^0^/H_2_]=1.6x10^-5^, similar to that in the Milky Way. We find no evidence for bi-modality of aco between main- sequence (MS) galaxies and those with extreme star-formation intensity, i.e. ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) and SMGs. The means of the three conversion factors are found to be similar between MS galaxies and ULIRGs/SMGs, to within 10-20 per cent. The overarching conclusion of our work is that, for metal-rich galaxies, near-universal average values for aco, X_CI_ and kh are adequate for global molecular gas estimates within the expected uncertainties. The 1{sigma} scatter in our optimised values for {alpha}_CO_, X_CI_ and {kappa}_H_ are 0.14, 0.11 and 0.15dex respectively.2022MNRAS.517..962Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/517/962CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/820/83 : ALMA galaxy properties in COSMOS survey field (Scoville+ 2016)J/A+A/641/A155 : CO+[CI] emission in distant galaxies (Valentino+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/517/962https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/517/962http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/517/962https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/517/962https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/517/962http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/517/962GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/517/962/master (Information on the CO, CI and dust data for literature source)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/962/master?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/962/master?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/517/962/master?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true34.3229-5.16760777780.0055555555555555565/1024 6814 6/203 226 231 295 538 627 629 650 664 700 747 2211 2363 2409 3506 3824 4100-4101 4104 4106 4332 4381 4993 5116 5130 5484 5492 5523 5610 5715 5793 5796 5799 5816 5860 5865 6069 6090 6122 7234 7241 7552 7602 7606 7695 8106 8266 8331 8482 8492 8506 8562 8673 8729 8992 8997 9023 9133 9640 9770 9882 9894-9895 9991 10209-10210 10252 10281 10342 10344 10357 10386 10402 10404 10446 10453 10465 10628 10716 10761 10841 10843 10856 11007 11027 11029 11101 11122 11206 11252 11392 11457 11557 11626 13522-13523 15311 15323 15592 16655 16690 16755 17075 17183 17677 17688 17690 17692 17736 17740 17751 17754 17815 18209 18212 18300 18398 18406 18714 18809 18882 18895 18897 18932 19036 19089 19283 19619 19682 19792 20000 20014 20060-20061 20090 20118 20208 20237 20254 21016 21839 21843 21845 21847 21850-21851 21853-21854 21872 21876-21877 22654 22721 22970 23424 23451 24584 25460 25462 25596 25890 25915 25918 25946-25947 25958 25960 25966 26001 26005 26007 26028 26037 26048 26052-26053 26198 26264 26271-26273 26275 26285 26298 26362 26518 26811 26932 26960-26961 26967 26969-26970 27030 27297 27302 27304-27305 27307-27308 27310-27312 27314 27321 27340 27345 27365 27377 27457 27514 27537 27604 27654 27712 27728 27767 27861 27914 27937 28015 28035 28117 28119 28123 28126 28167 28188 28273 28393 28604 28617 31081 31158 31267 31365 31430 31503 32426 33762 33779 33836 33893 33944 33991 34026 34033 34058-34059 34312 34343 35024 35035 35053 35570 35935 35957 36194 36831 37559 38129 38139 39960 40957 43078 43107 43147 43881 43925 44671 45054 45850 45891 45907 45943 46151 46170 46399 46603 46811 46882 46987 47854https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/517/962?format=asciiInfraredRadiodefaultJ/MNRAS/517/962/masterInformation on the CO, CI and dust data for literature sourceSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableTex? Excitation temperature (3)Kphys.atmol.excitationfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameID of galaxymeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatDL? Luminosity distanceMpcpos.distancedoublenullablelogLIR? Total IR Luminosity (1)log(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IRfloatnullablee_logLIR? Error IR Luminosity (log)log(solLum)stat.errorfloatnullablelogLCI? CI Luminosity (log) (2)log(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.radiofloatnullablee_logLCI[]? Error CI Luminosity (log)log(solLum)stat.errorfloatnullablelogLCO? CO Luminosity (log) (2)log(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.radiofloatnullablee_logLCO? Error CO Luminosity (log)log(solLum)stat.errorfloatnullableJCorr? Correction factor for Jiao et al. (2019ApJ...880..133J) sampleinstr.paramfloatnullableHI/H2? Ratio of HI-to-H_2_phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullablelambdaObs? Observed wavelength used to determine 850um luminosity iumphys.luminosity;em.mm.200-400GHzfloatnullableScont? Continuum flux at observed wavelengthmJyphot.fluxdoublenullablee_Scont[]? Error in ScontmJystat.errordoublenullablemuMagnification factor due to lensingphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatTd? Dust temperatureKphys.temperaturefloatnullableTdmw? Mass weighted dust temperature (3)Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablelogL850py? 850 micron Luminosity (log) (1)log(W.Hz**-1)phys.luminosity;em.mm.200-400GHzfloatnullablee_logL850py? Error 850micron Luminositylog(W.Hz**-1)stat.errorfloatnullableK850py? K-correction to rest frame 850 micronsarith.factor;phot.magfloatnullableSMG[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the submillimetre galaxy groupmeta.codeintMS[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the main sequence groupmeta.noteintSLUGs[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the SLUGs survey - Dunne et al, (2000MNRAS.315..115D)meta.codeintB19[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the Bourne et al 2019 samplemeta.codeintVALES[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the VALES survey - Hughes et al. (2017A&A...602A..49H), Villaneuva et al. (2017MNRAS.470.3775V)meta.codeintS16local[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the Scoville et al. (2016ApJ...820...83S, Cat. J/ApJ/820/83) local sample (4)meta.codeintS16SMG[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the Scoville et al. (2016ApJ...820...83S, Cat. J/ApJ/820/83) SMG samplemeta.codeintV20[0/1] Indicates whether galaxy belongs to the Valentino et al. (2020A&A...641A.155V, Cat. J/A+A/641/A155) samplemeta.codeintONameOther namemeta.idcharJ/MNRAS/517/962/opt_xaXa, CO and CI, median logL_IR_=11.66 (11.88)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameID of galaxymeta.id;meta.maincharlogLIRTotal IR Luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IRfloate_logLIR? Error in total IR Luminositylog(solLum)stat.errorfloatnullableJCorrCorrection factor applied for Jiao et al. (2019ApJ...880..133J) sampleinstr.paramfloataCOThe CO calibration factor where MH2=aCOxLCOsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloate_aCOError in the CO calibration factorsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2stat.errorfloataCOsimSimple method for estimating aCOsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloatXCIXCI=C^0^/H2phys.abunddoublee_XCIError in Xcistat.errordoublelogMH2Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)phys.massfloate_logMH2Error in Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)stat.errorfloataCIThe CI calibration factor where MH2=aCIxLCIsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloate_aCIError in the CI calibration factorsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2stat.errorfloatJ/MNRAS/517/962/opt_xdXd, Dust and CI, median logL_IR_=11.88 (12.06)logLIRTotal IR Luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IRfloatXCIXCI=C^0^/H2phys.abunddoublee_logMH2Error in Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)stat.errorfloataCIThe CI calibration factor where MH2=aCIxLCIsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloatasubThe dust calibration factor where MH2=a850xL850log(W.Hz**-1.solMass**-1)arith.factorfloatNameID of galaxymeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordinte_logLIR? Error in total IR Luminositylog(solLum)stat.errorfloatnullableJCorrCorrection factor applied for Jiao et al. (2019ApJ...880..133J) sampleinstr.paramfloatlogL850Log 850um luminositylog(W.Hz**-1)phys.luminosity;em.mm.200-400GHzfloate_logL850Error in 850um luminositylog(W.Hz**-1)stat.errorfloatlogLCILog CI luminositylog(W.Hz**-1)phys.luminosityfloate_logLCIError in CI luminositylog(W.Hz**-1)stat.errorfloatXCIsimSimple method assuming kappaH=1884kg/m^2^ for the whole samplephys.abunddoublee_XCIError in XCIstat.errordoubleGDRGas to dust ratiophys.mass;arith.ratiodoublee_GDRError in the gas to dust ratiostat.errordoublelogMH2Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)phys.massfloatJ/MNRAS/517/962/opt_daxdaX, Dust, CO and CI, median logL_IR_=11.65 (11.77)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameID of galaxymeta.id;meta.maincharlogLIRTotal IR Luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IRfloatJCorrCorrection factor applied for Jiao et al. (2019ApJ...880..133J) sampleinstr.paramfloataCOThe CO calibration factor where MH2=aCOxLCOsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloate_aCOError in the CO calibration factorsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2stat.errorfloatXCIXCI=C^0^/H_2_phys.abunddoublee_XCIError in Xcistat.errordoubleGDRGas to dust ratiophys.mass;arith.ratiodoublee_GDRError in the gas to dust ratiostat.errordoublelogMH2Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)phys.massfloate_logMH2Error in Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)stat.errorfloataCIThe CI calibration factor where MH2=aCIxLCIsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloata850The dust calibration factor where MH2=a850xL850log(W.Hz**-1.solMass**-1)arith.factorfloatJ/MNRAS/517/962/opt_adad, CO and dust, median logL_IR_=11.54 (12.07)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameID of galaxymeta.id;meta.maincharlogLIRTotal IR Luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.IRfloate_logLIR? Error in the total IR Luminositylog(solLum)stat.errorfloatnullablelogL850850um Luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloate_logL850Error in the 850um Luminositylog(solLum)stat.errorfloatlogLCOThe CO Luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosity;em.radiofloate_logLCOError in the CO Luminositylog(solLum)stat.errorfloatJCorrCorrection factor applied for Jiao et al. (2019ApJ...880..133J) sampleinstr.paramfloataCOThe CO calibration factor where MH2=aCOxLCOsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloate_aCOError in the CO calibration factorsolMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2stat.errorfloataCOsimThe simple method of calculating aCO assuming kappaH=1884kg/m^2solMass.K**-1.km**-1.s.pc**2arith.factorfloate_kappaHError in kappaHkg.m**-2stat.errordoublee_logMH2Error in Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)stat.errorfloatloga850The (log) dust calibration factor where MH2=a850xL850log(W.Hz**-1.solMass**-1)arith.factorfloate_loga850Error in the dust calibration factorlog(W.Hz**-1.solMass**-1)stat.errorfloatkappaHThe dust-H2 conversion factor, kappaH=GDR/kappa850kg.m**-2arith.factordoublelogMH2Log mass of MH_2_log(solMass)phys.massfloat