J/MNRAS/514/1217ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/514/1217doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75141217CDSDanehkar A.Parthasarathy M.2024-08-22T20:15:40Z2022-07-20T06:07:06ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frplanetary-nebulaespectroscopychemical-abundancesThe planetary nebula (PN) IC 4997 is one of a few rapidly evolving objects with variable brightness and nebular emission around a hydrogen-deficient star. In this study, we have determined the physical conditions and chemical abundances of this object using the collisionally excited lines (CELs) and optical recombination lines (ORLs) measured from the medium-resolution spectra taken in 2014 July with the FIbre-fed Echelle Spectrograph on the Nordic Optical Telescope at La Palma Observatory. We derived electron densities of ~>3x10^4^cm^-3^ and electron temperatures of ~>14000K from CELs, whereas cooler temperatures of ~11000 and ~7000K were obtained from helium and heavy element ORLs, respectively. The elemental abundances deduced from CELs point to a metal-poor progenitor with [O/H]<~-0.75, whereas the ORL abundances are slightly above the solar metallicity, [O/H]~0.15. Our abundance analysis indicates that the abundance discrepancy factors (ADFs=ORLs/CELs) of this PN are relatively large: ADF(O2+)>~8 and ADF(N2+)>~7. Further research is needed to find out how the ADFs and variable emissions are formed in this object and whether they are associated with a binary companion or a very late thermal pulse.2022MNRAS.514.1217Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/514/1217CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/A+A/280/581 : Chemical abundances of PNe (Pasquali+, 1993)J/A+A/282/436 : Abundance gradients from disk PNs (Maciel+ 1994)J/A+AS/126/297 : PN abundances (Ratag+ 1997)J/A+A/345/629 : Abundance gradients in planetary nebulae (Maciel+, 1999)J/A+A/380/300 : Abundances of PN towards Galactic bulge (Escudero+, 2001)J/A+A/423/199 : Chemical abundances of planetary nebulae (Costa+, 2004)J/A+A/427/231 : Abundances in planetary nebulae (Gorny+, 2004)J/MNRAS/349/793 : Galactic PNe abundances (Perinotto+, 2004)J/A+A/463/265 : Chemical compositions of 48 WR planetary nebulaeJ/A+A/494/591 : Abundances in planetary nebulae (Chiappini+, 2009)J/A+A/500/1089 : Abundances in planetary nebulae (Gorny+, 2009)J/PAZh/35/574 : He, C, N and O abundances in PNe (Milanova+, 2009)J/ApJ/724/748 : Galactic anticenter PNe and oxygen abundance (Henry+, 2010)J/A+A/538/A54 : Spectroscopy of 12 [WC] planetary nebulaeJ/A+A/567/A12 : Chemical abundances in Galactic PNe (Garcia-Hernandez+, 2014)J/ApJS/257/58 : Properties of [WR] planetary nebulae (Danehkar, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/514/1217https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/514/1217http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/514/1217https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/514/1217https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/514/1217http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/514/1217GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapdefaultJ/MNRAS/514/1217/tablea1Observed and dereddened line fluxes (Appendix A)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharRefReference of observed flux (empty column)meta.ref;phot.fluxcharlambdaLabLaboratory wavelength (inAngstrom)0.1nmem.wlfloatIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharlambdaObsObserved wavelength (inAngstrom)0.1nmem.wl;phys.atmol.transitionfloatF(lambda)Observed flux (in units of F(Hb)=100)phot.flux.density;em.IR.60-100umfloate_F(lambda)Formal 1-sigma and noise of observed flux%stat.errorfloatI(lambda)Dereddened intensity (in units of I(Hb)=100)spect.line.intensityfloate_I(lambda)Lower 90% error of dereddened intensity%stat.errorfloatE_I(lambda)Upper 90% error of dereddened intensity%stat.error;stat.maxfloatMultMultiplet (H: Balmer, V: ORLs, F: CELs)phys.atmol.levelcharLowTermLower term of transitionmeta.id;phys.atmol.transitioncharUpTermUpper term of transitionmeta.id;phys.atmol.transitioncharg1Statistical weight of lower levelstat.weight;phys.atmol.levelcharg2Statistical weight of upper levelstat.weight;phys.atmol.levelcharJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table3Extinctions derived from the Balmer linesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharLineLine (H I single, H I Mean)meta.id;spect.linecharlambdaLab? Laboratory wavelength (in Angstrom)0.1nmem.wlfloatnullableMultBalmer multipletphys.atmol.levelcharWght? Weight used for mean abundance (1)phys.atmol.weightintnullableExtExtinctionphys.absorptiondoublee_ExtLower 90% error of Extinctionstat.errordoubleE_ExtUpper 90% error of Extinctionstat.error;stat.maxdoubleJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table5Temperatures and densities from CELs and ORLsTypeType (Te, Te_rc, Ne) (1)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharDiagnosDiagnostic linesphys.atmolcharValueValue (Te: Temperature or Ne: Density) (2)stat.fit.paraminte_ValueLower 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.valueintE_Value? Upper 90% error of Valuestat.error;stat.maxintnullableJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table6aIonic abundances derived from CELs (condition a)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharLineLinemeta.id;spect.linecharlambaLabLaboratory wavelength (in Angstrom)0.1nmem.wlfloatWghtWeight used for mean abundance (1)phys.atmol.weightintAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogen (2)phys.abunddoublee_AbundLower 90% error of Abundancestat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancestat.error;stat.maxdoubleJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table6bIonic abundances derived from CELs (condition b)WghtWeight used for mean abundance (1)phys.atmol.weightintAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogen (2)phys.abunddoublee_AbundLower 90% error of Abundancestat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancestat.error;stat.maxdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharLineLinemeta.id;spect.linecharlambaLabLaboratory wavelength (in Angstrom)0.1nmem.wlfloatJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table7Ionic abundances derived from ORLsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIonphys.atmol.ionStagecharLineLinemeta.id;spect.linecharlambaLabLaboratory wavelength (in Angstrom)0.1nmem.wlfloatWghtWeight used for mean abundance (1)phys.atmol.weightintAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogen (2)phys.abunddoublee_AbundLower 90% error of Abundancestat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancestat.error;stat.maxdoubleJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table8aMean ionic and total abundances (condition a)PNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIon (Mean ionic, total, icf) (1)phys.atmol.ionStagecharTypeType (ORL, CEL)meta.notecharRef-icfReferences for icf formulas (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogen (2)phys.abunddoublee_AbundLower 90% error of Abundancestat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancestat.error;stat.maxdoubleJ/MNRAS/514/1217/table8bMean ionic and total abundances (condition b)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPNGPNG name (PNGLLL.l+BB.b)meta.idcharNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharIonIon (Mean ionic, total, icf) (1)phys.atmol.ionStagecharTypeType (ORL, CEL)meta.notecharRef-icfReferences for icf formulas (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharAbundAbundances relative to Hydrogen (2)phys.abunddoublee_AbundLower 90% error of Abundancestat.errordoubleE_AbundUpper 90% error of Abundancestat.error;stat.maxdouble