J/MNRAS/511/5964ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/511/5964doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75115964CDSZhao J.Heinke C.O.2025-03-07T20:14:26Z2025-02-20T10:40:42ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxyglobular-star-clusterspulsarsx-ray-binary-starseclipsing-binary-starsspectroscopyphotometryx-ray-sourcesWe present a comprehensive census of X-ray millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in 29 Galactic globular clusters (GCs), including 68 MSPs with confirmed X-ray luminosities and 107 MSPs with X-ray upper limits. We compile previous X-ray studies of GC MSPs, and add new analyses of six MSPs (PSRs J1326-4728A, J1326-4728B, J1518+0204C, J1717+4308A, J1737-0314A, and J1807-2459A) discovered in five GCs. Their X-ray spectra are well described by a single blackbody model, a single power-law model, or a combination of them, with X-ray luminosities ranging from 1.9 * 10^30^ to 8.3 * 10^31^ erg/s. We find that most detected X-ray MSPs have luminosities between ~10^30^ and 3 * 10^31^ erg/s. Redback pulsars are a relatively bright MSP population with X-ray luminosities of ~2 * 10^31^ - 3 * 10^32^ erg/s. Black widows show a bimodal distribution in X-ray luminosities, with eclipsing black widows between ~7 * 10^30^ and 2 * 10^31^ erg/s, while the two confirmed non-eclipsing black widows are much fainter, with L_X_ of 1.5-3 * 10^30^ erg/s, suggesting an intrinsic difference in the populations. We estimate the total number of MSPs in 36 GCs by considering the correlation between the number of MSPs and stellar encounter rate in GCs, and suggest that between 600 and 1500 MSPs exist in these 36 GCs. Finally, we estimate the number of X-ray-detectable MSPs in the Galactic bulge, finding that 1-86 MSPs with L_X_ > 10^33^ erg/s, and 20-900 MSPs with L_X_ > 10^32^ erg/s should be detectable there.2022MNRAS.511.5964Zhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/511/5964CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/472/3706 : Globular cluster 47 Tuc Chandra studies (Bhattacharya+,2017)J/ApJ/687/1019 : Chandra X-ray observations of M71 (Elsner+, 2008)J/ApJ/625/796 : X-ray sources in the globular cluster 47 Tuc (Heinke+, 2005)J/MNRAS/479/2834 : 233 X-ray sources in omega Centauri (Henleywillis+, 2018)IX/45 : The Chandra Source Catalog, Release 1.1 (Evans+ 2012)IX/57 : The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC), Release 2.0 (Evans+, 2019)IX/70 : Chandra Source Catalog Release 2 (CSC 2.1) (Evans+, 2024)B/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-2014)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/511/5964https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/511/5964http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/511/5964https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/511/5964https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/511/5964http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/511/5964GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/511/5964/table10 (Determined X-ray 0.3-8 keV luminosities L_X_ of GC MSPs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/511/5964/table10?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/511/5964/table10?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/511/5964/table10?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.9598792-72.07540.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/511/5964/tablea1 (Upper limits of X-ray luminosities for GC MSPs not eligible to specific X-ray spectral analysis)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/511/5964/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/511/5964/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/511/5964/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.0330833-72.07766670.0055555555555555566/9436 9666 10336 12943 19091 19100 27975 27981 28778 28815 28889 28899 28905 28970 28973 29267 29289 29632 29636 30321 31019 31043 31115 31417 33321 42076 42841 42955 43227 47125 47168 47866 48434https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/511/5964?format=asciiX-rayRadiodefaultJ/MNRAS/511/5964/table10Determined X-ray 0.3-8 keV luminosities L_X_ of GC MSPsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPulsarPulsar Name designation (PulsarName)meta.id;meta.maincharGCGlobular cluster namemeta.id.parentcharPeriodSpinning period of the pulsar (Period)mstime.periodfloatTypeTypes of MSP systems obtained from Paulo Freire's GC Pulsar Catalog, Freire 2013IAUS..291..243F (Type) (1)src.classcharSpModSpectral model used to fit the L_X_ emission from MSPs, blackbody BB and power-law PL models as explained in the section 3 Analysis and results (Spectralmodel) (2)meta.id;stat.fitcharLXX-ray luminosity estimated from 0.3 to 8 keV which are unabsorbed at the distances to corresponding GCs (L_X_)1e+23Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayfloatE_LXUpper error of LX1e+23Wstat.error;stat.maxfloate_LXLower error of LX1e+23Wstat.errorfloatrLXReference of LX (Ref) (2)meta.bibchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/511/5964/tablea1Upper limits of X-ray luminosities for GC MSPs not eligible to specific X-ray spectral analysisn_PulsarMSPs with precise timing positionsmeta.notecharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPulsarPulsar Name designation (PulsarName)meta.id;meta.maincharGCGlobular cluster name (GCName)meta.id.parentcharPeriodSpinning period of the pulsar (Period)mstime.periodfloatTypeTypes of MSP systems obtained from Paulo Freire's GC Pulsar Catalog, Freire 2013IAUS..291..243F (Type) (1)src.classcharLXX-ray luminosity upper limit estimated from 0.3 to 8 keV criteria of determining upper limits have been discussed in section 2 Data collection and reduction (L_X_)1e+23Wphys.luminosity;em.X-rayintr_PulsarReferences of pulsar data in refs.dat file (References)meta.ref;pos.frameint_RAPosition from PSR references in refs.dat file (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from PSR references in refs.dat file (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/511/5964/refsReferences of GC MSPs with upper limits of X-ray luminositiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference numbermeta.id;meta.mainintTextAuthors and bibcodesmeta.bib.authorchar