J/MNRAS/509/3355ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/509/3355doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75093355CDSLewis H.M.Anguiano B.Majewski S.R.Nidever D.L.Badenes C.,De Lee N.Hasselquist S.Mazzola Daher C.Stassun K.G.Bizyaev D.,Godoy-Rivera D.Nitschelm C.Oravetz A.Pan K.Roman-Lopes A.2025-02-12T20:12:01Z2024-10-11T15:27:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmilky-way-galaxymultiple-starsspectroscopic-binary-starswhite-dwarf-starsphotometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyradial-velocityastrometryeffective-temperaturechemical-abundancesstellar-massesWe present a search for close, unresolved companions in a subset of spatially resolved Gaia wide binaries containing main-sequence stars within 200 pc of the Sun, utilizing the APOGEE-Gaia Wide Binary Catalog. A catalogue of 37 wide binaries was created by selecting pairs of stars with nearly identical Gaia positions, parallaxes, and proper motions, and then confirming candidates to be gravitationally bound pairs using APOGEE radial velocities. We identify close, unresolved stellar and substellar candidate companions in these multiple systems using (1) the Gaia binary main sequence and (2) observed periodic radial velocity variations in APOGEE measurements due to the influence of a close substellar-mass companion. The studied wide binary pairs reveal a total of four stellar-mass close companions in four different wide binaries, and four substellar-mass close companion candidates in two wide binaries. The latter are therefore quadruple systems, with one substellar-mass companion orbiting each wide binary component in an S-type orbit. Taken at face value, these candidate systems represent an enhancement of an order of magnitude over the expected occurrence rate of ~2 per cent of stars having substellar companions > 2 M_Jup_ within ~100-d orbits; we discuss implications and possible explanations for this result. Finally, we compare chemical differences between the components of the wide binaries and the components of the candidate higher-order systems and find that any chemical influence or correlation due to the presence of close companions to wide binary stars is not discernible.2022MNRAS.509.3355Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/509/3355CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/MNRAS/480/4884 : Gaia wide binaries (El-Badry+, 2018)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 DR16J/ApJ/646/523 : Exoplanet systems with stellar companions (Raghavan+, 2006)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/509/3355https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/509/3355http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/509/3355https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/509/3355https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/509/3355http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/509/3355GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/509/3355/table5 (37 Binary systems in the APOGEE-Gaia Wide Binary Catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/509/3355/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/509/3355/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/509/3355/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true22.9692530.49055560.0055555555555555566/2 546 2240 4714 4803 4817-4818 5563 5963 6259 8334 9182 9381 9392 9609 9642 9815 9931 10001 10371 10442 10492-10493 10932 14826 14920 14956 15040 15059 15169 19096 22887 23202 23210 28127 28149 28244https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/509/3355?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/509/3355/table537 Binary systems in the APOGEE-Gaia Wide Binary CatalogVscatter? Radial velocity scatter (V_SCATTER)km/sphys.veloc.dispersionfloatnullableTeffEffective temperature (TEFF)Kphys.temperature.effectiveinte_TeffMean uncertainty of Teff (TEFF_E)Kstat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravity (LOGG)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloate_loggMean uncertainty of logg (LOGG_E)log(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloat[M/H]Spectroscopic metallicity from APOGEE (M_H)phys.abund.Zfloate_[M/H]Mean uncertainty of [M/H] (M_H_E)stat.error;phys.abundfloatM*Stellar mass (M_STAR)solMassphys.massfloate_M*Mean uncertainty of M* (M_STAR_E)solMassstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition as in 2MASS (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPosition as in 2MASS (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDCatalogue identifier code (Catalogue_ID)meta.id;meta.mainchar2MASS2MASS JHHMMSSss+/-DDMMSSs source designation (2MASS_ID)meta.idcharSep? Binary seperation angle (Sep)arcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloatnullableNvisitsNumber of visits per star (N_VISITS) (1)meta.numberintl_VscatterUpper limit flag on Vscattermeta.code.errorchar