J/MNRAS/509/122ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/509/122doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.75090122CDSLucey M.Hawkins K.Ness M.Nelson T.Debattista V.Luna A.,Bensby T.Freeman K.C.Kobayashi C.2024-08-21T20:18:53Z2021-11-30T13:37:01ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveyspopulation-ii-starschemical-abundancesradial-velocityvisible-astronomyThe characteristics of the stellar populations in the Galactic bulge inform and constrain the Milky Way's formation and evolution. The metal-poor population is particularly important in light of cosmological simulations, which predict that some of the oldest stars in the Galaxy now reside in its centre. The metal-poor bulge appears to consist of multiple stellar populations that require dynamical analyses to disentangle. In this work, we undertake a detailed chemodynamical study of the metal-poor stars in the inner Galaxy. Using R ~ 20 000 VLT/GIRAFFE spectra of 319 metal-poor (-2.55dex<=[Fe/H]<=0.83dex, with mean [Fe/H]=-0.84dex) stars, we perform stellar parameter analysis and report 12 elemental abundances (C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, Cr, Mn, Zn, Ba, and Ce) with precisions of ~0.10 dex. Based on kinematic and spatial properties, we categorize the stars into four groups, associated with the following Galactic structures: the inner bulge, the outer bulge, the halo, and the disc. We find evidence that the inner and outer bulge population is more chemically complex (i.e. higher chemical dimensionality and less correlated abundances) than the halo population. This result suggests that the older bulge population was enriched by a larger diversity of nucleosynthetic events. We also find one inner bulge star with a [Ca/Mg] ratio consistent with theoretical pair-instability supernova yields and two stars that have chemistry consistent with globular cluster stars.2022MNRAS.509..122Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/509/122CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/488/2283 : COMBS survey. Galactic Bulge metal-poor stars (Lucey+, 2019)J/MNRAS/501/5981 : COMBS Survey. Metal-poor bulge stars (Lucey+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/509/122https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/509/122http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/509/122https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/509/122https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/509/122http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/509/122GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/509/122/table (Chemodynamical properties of target stars (full table A1))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/509/122/table?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/509/122/table?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/509/122/table?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true283.73953-19.885250.0055555555555555566/28737 28739-28740 28742 28792 28794 29026-29027 29033 47803 47806https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/509/122?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/509/122/tableChemodynamical properties of target stars (full table A1)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintperiPericenter (peri)kpcpos.distance;src.orbitaldoubleMg8806.76? Abundance [Mg/H] from line at 8806.76 angstroms (Mg_8806.76)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Mg8806.76? Error on [Mg/H] abundance from line at 8806.76 angstroms (Mg_8806.76_err)stat.errorcharFe4731.45? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 4731.45 angstroms(Fe_4731.45)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe4731.45? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 4731.45 angstroms (Fe_4731.45_err)stat.errorcharSc4670.42? Abundance [Sc/H] from line at 4670.42 angstroms(Sc_4670.42)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Sc4670.42? Error on [Sc/H] abundance from line at 4670.42 angstroms (Sc_4670.42_err)stat.errorcharCa4685.27? Abundance [Ca/H] from line at 4685.27 angstroms (Ca_4685.27)phys.abundfloatnullable[Na/H]? Abundance [Na/H] (Na)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Vvel[] Lower value of V interval(V_lo)km/sstat.errordoubleprobProbability that a star stays confined to the bulge (prob)stat.probabilityfloate_periLower value of peri interval (peri_lo)kpcstat.errordoubleE_periUpper value of peri interval (peri_hi)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoubleapiApocenter (api)kpcpos.distance;src.orbitaldoublee_apiLower value of api interval (api_lo)kpcstat.errordoubleE_apiUpper value of api interval (api_hi)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoubleeEccentricity (e)src.orbital.eccentricitydoublee_eLower value of e interval(e_lo)stat.errordoubleE_eUpper value of e interval(e_hi)stat.error;stat.maxdoublezmaxMaximun height above the plane (zmax)pcpos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticdoublee_zmaxLower value of zmax interval(zmax_lo)pcstat.errordoubleE_zmaxUpper value of zmax interval (zmax_hi)pcstat.error;stat.maxdoubleLzZ component of Angular Momentum (Lz)kpc.km/spos.cartesian.zdoublee_LzLower value of Lz interval (Lz_lo)kpc.km/sstat.errorfloatE_LzUpper value of Lz interval (Lz_hi)kpc.km/sstat.error;stat.maxfloatRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) (DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmagG magnitude (G)magphot.mag;em.opt.VdoubleE_Vvel[] Upper value of V interval(V_hi)km/sstat.error;stat.maxdoubleWvelW velocity (W)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zdoubleRVRadial velocity (RV)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublee_RVRadial velocity error (e_RV)km/sstat.errordoubles_RVRadial velocity scatter (s_RV)km/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocdoubleN6Number of HR06 observations (N_6)meta.numberintN21Number of HR21 observations (N_21)meta.numberintSNR6Signal-to-noise ratio of HR06 (SNR_6)stat.snrdoubleSNR21Signal-to-noise ratio of HR21 (SNR_21)stat.snrdoubleGLONGalactic longitude (l)degpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitude (b)degpos.galactic.latdouble[Mg/H]? Abundance [Mg/H] (Mg)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Mg/H]? Error on abundance [Mg/H] (Mg_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Ti/H]? Abundance [Ti/H] (Ti)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Ti/H]? Error on abundance [Ti/H] (Ti_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Cr/H]? Abundance [Cr/H] (Cr)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Cr/H]? Error on abundance [Cr/H] (Cr_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Mn/H]? Abundance [Mn/H] (Mn)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Mn/H]? Error on abundance [Mn/H] (Mn_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Fe/H]? Abundance [Fe/H] (Fe)phys.abund.Fefloatnullablee_[Fe/H]? Error on abundance [Fe/H] (Fe_err)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatnullable[Zn/H]? Abundance [Zn/H] (Zn)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Zn/H]? Error on abundance [Zn/H] (Zn_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Ba/H]? Abundance [Ba/H] (Ba)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Ba/H]? Error on abundance [Ba/H] (Ba_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Ce/H]? Abundance [Ce/H] (Ce)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Ce/H]? Error on abundance [Ce/H] (Ce_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Sc/H]? Abundance [Sc/H] (Sc)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Sc/H]? Error on abundance [Sc/H] (Sc_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Si/H]? Abundance [Si/H] (Si)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Si/H]? Error on abundance [Si/H] (Si_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableMg4702.991? Abundance [Mg/H] from line at 4702.991 angstroms (Mg_4702.991)phys.abundfloatnullableTi4548.76? Abundance [Ti/H] from line at 4548.76 angstroms (Ti_4548.76)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ti4548.76? Error on [Ti/H] abundance from line at 4548.76 angstroms (Ti_4548.76_err) (stat.errorcharTi4555.48? Abundance [Ti/H] from line at 4555.48 angstroms(Ti_4555.48)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ti4555.48? Error on [Ti/H] abundance from line at 4555.48 angstroms (Ti_4555.48_err)stat.errorcharCr4558.59? Abundance [Cr/H] from line at 4558.59 angstroms(Cr_4558.59)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Cr4558.59? Error on [Cr/H] abundance from line at 4558.59 angstroms (Cr_4558.59_err)stat.errorcharCr4588.14? Abundance [Cr/H] from line at 4588.14 angstroms(Cr_4588.14)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Cr4588.14? Error on [Cr/H] abundance from line at 4588.14 angstroms (Cr_4588.14_err)stat.errorcharCr4646.15? Abundance [Cr/H] from line at 4646.15 angstroms (Cr_4646.15)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Cr4646.15? Error on [Cr/H] abundance from line at 4646.15 angstroms (Cr_4646.15_err)stat.errorcharCr4545.95? Abundance [Cr/H] from line at 4545.95 angstroms(Cr_4545.95)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Cr4545.95? Error on [Cr/H] abundance from line at 4545.95 angstroms (Cr_4545.95_err)stat.errorcharCr4651.28? Abundance [Cr/H] from line at 4651.28 angstroms(Cr_4651.28)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Cr4651.28? Error on [Cr/H] abundance from line at 4651.28 angstroms (Cr_4651.28_err)stat.errorcharCr4591.99? Abundance [Cr/H] from line at 4591.99 angstroms(Cr_4591.99)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Cr4591.99? Error on [Cr/H] abundance from line at 4591.99 angstroms (Cr_4591.99_err)stat.errorcharMn4709.71? Abundance [Mn/H] from line at 4709.71 angstroms (Mn_4709.71)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Mn4709.71? Error on [Mn/H] abundance from line at 4709.71 angstroms (Mn_4709.71_err)stat.errorcharFe8688.62? Abundance [Mg/H] from line at 4702.991 angstroms (Fe_8688.62)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe8688.62? Error on [Mg/H] abundance from line at 4702.991 angstroms (Fe_8688.62_err)stat.errorcharFe8824.22? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 8824.22 angstroms(Fe_8824.22)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe8824.22? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 8824.22 angstroms (Fe_8824.22_err)stat.errorcharFe4576.34? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 4576.34 angstroms(Fe_4576.34)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe4576.34? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 4576.34 angstroms (Fe_4576.34_err)stat.errorcharFe4666.76? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 4666.76 angstroms(Fe_4666.76)phys.abundfloatnullableZn4680.134? Abundance [Zn/H] from line at 4680.134 angstroms(Zn_4680.134)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Zn4680.134? Error on [Zn/H] abundance from line at 4680.134 angstroms (Zn_4680.134_err)stat.errorcharZn4722.159? Abundance [Zn/H] from line at 4722.159 angstroms(Zn_4722.159)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Zn4722.159? Error on Zn/H] abundance from line at 4722.159 angstroms (Zn_4722.159_err)stat.errorcharBa4554.03? Abundance [Ba/H] from line at 4554.03 angstroms(Ba_4554.03)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ba4554.03? Error on [Ba/H] abundance from line at 4554.03 angstroms(Ba_4554.03_err)stat.errorcharCe4628.16? Abundance [Ce/H] from line at 4628.16 angstroms(Ce_4628.16)phys.abundfloatnullableMg8717.83? Abundance [Mg/H] from line at 8717.83 angstroms (Mg_8717.83)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Mg8717.83? Error on [Mg/H] abundance from line at 8717.83 angstroms (Mg_8717.83_err)stat.errorcharMg8923.57? Abundance [Mg/H] from line at 8923.57 angstroms (Mg_8923.57)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Mg8923.57? Error on [Mg/H] abundance from line at 8923.57 angstroms (Mg_8923.57_err)stat.errorcharTi8682.98? Abundance [Ti/H] from line at 8682.98 angstroms (Ti_8682.98)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ti8682.98? Error on [Ti/H] abundance from line at 8682.98 angstroms (Ti_8682.98_err)stat.errorcharFe4602.94? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 4602.94 angstroms (Fe_4602.94)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe4602.94? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 4602.94 angstroms(Fe_4602.94_err)stat.errorcharCe4562.36? Abundance [Ce/H] from line at 4562.36angstroms(Ce_4562.36)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ce4562.36? Error on [Ce/H] abundance from line at 4562.36angstroms(Ce_4562.36_err)stat.errorcharSi8648.465? Abundance [Si/H] from line at 8648.465 angstroms (Si_8648.465)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Si8648.465? Error on [Si/H] abundance from line at 8648.465 angstroms (Si_8648.465_err)stat.errorcharSi8728.01? Abundance [Si/H] from line at 8728.01 angstroms (Si_8728.01)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Si8728.01? Error on [Si/H] abundance from line at 8728.01 angstroms (Si_8728.01_err)stat.errorcharTi8734.71? Abundance [Ti/H] from line at 8734.71 angstroms (Ti_8734.71)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ti8734.71? Error on [Ti/H] abundance from line at 8734.71 angstroms (Ti_8734.71_err)stat.errorcharTi8692.329? Abundance [Ti/H] from line at 8692.329angstroms (Ti_8692.329)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ti8692.329? Error on [Ti/H] abundance from line at 8692.329angstroms(Ti_8692.329_err)stat.errorcharFe4602.01? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 4602.01 angstroms (Fe_4602.01)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe4602.01? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 4602.01 angstroms(Fe_4602.01_err)stat.errorcharFe4602.95? Abundance [Fe/H] from line at 4602.95 angstroms (Fe_4602.95)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Fe4602.95? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 4602.95 angstroms(Fe_4602.95_err)stat.errorchar[Ca/H]? Abundance [Ca/H] (Ca)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Ca/H]? Error on abundance [Ca/H] (Ca_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableCa8912.07? Abundance [Ca/H] from line at 8912.07 angstroms (Ca_8912.07)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ca8912.07? Error on [Ca/H] abundance from line at 8912.07 angstroms(Ca_8912.07_err)stat.errorcharCa8927.36? Abundance [Ca/H] from line at 8927.36 angstroms (Ca_8927.36)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ca8927.36? Error on [Ca/H] abundance from line at 8927.36 angstroms(Ca_8927.36_err)stat.errorcharCa4578.55? Abundance [Ca/H] from line at 4578.55 angstroms(Ca_4578.55)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ca4578.55? Error on [Ca/H] abundance from line at 4578.55 angstroms(Ca_4578.55_err)stat.errorcharCa4586.04? Abundance [Ca/H] from line at 4586.04 angstroms(Ca_4586.04)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ca4586.04? Error on [Ca/H] abundance from line at 4586.04 angstroms(Ca_4586.04_err)stat.errorchare_[Na/H]? Error on abundance [Na/H] (Na_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[Al/H]? Abundance [Al/H] (Al)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[Al/H]? Error on abundance [Al/H] (Al_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableNa4668.572? Abundance [Na/H] from line at 4668.572 angstroms(Na_4668.572)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Na4668.572? Error on [Na/H] abundance from line at 4668.572 angstroms (Na_4668.572_err)stat.errorcharNa4751.82? Abundance [Na/H] from line at 4751.82 angstroms(Na_4751.82)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Na4751.82? Error on [Na/H] abundance from line at 4751.82 angstroms(Na_4751.82_err)stat.errorcharAl8772.865? Abundance [Al/H] from line at 8772.865 angstroms (Al_8772.865)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Al8772.865? Error on [Al/H] abundance from line at 8772.865 angstroms (Al_8772.865_err)stat.errorcharAl8773.896? Abundance [Al/H] from line at 8773.896 angstroms (Al_8773.896)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Al8773.896? Error on [Al/H] abundance from line at 8773.896 angstroms (Al_8773.896_err)stat.errorcharAl8841.28? Abundance [Al/H] from line at 8841.28 angstroms (Al_8841.28)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Al8841.28? Error on [Al/H] abundance from line at 8841.28 angstroms (Al_8841.28_err)stat.errorcharAl8828.91? Abundance [Al/H] from line at 8828.91 angstroms (Al_8828.91)phys.abundfloatnullablee_Al8828.91? Error on [Al/H] abundance from line at 8828.91 angstroms (Al_8828.91_err)stat.errorchar[C/H]? Abundance [C/H] (C)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[C/H]? Error on abundance [C/H] (C_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableC8727.0? Abundance [C/H] from line at 8727.0 angstroms (C_8727.0)phys.abundfloatnullablee_C8727.0? Error on [C/H] abundance from line at 8727.0 angstroms (C_8727.0_err)stat.errorchars_[C/H]? Scatter on abundance [C/H] (C_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Na/H]? Scatter on abundance [Na/H] (Na_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Mg/H]? Scatter on abundance [Mg/H] (Mg_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Al/H]? Scatter on abundance [Al/H] (Al_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Ca/H]? Scatter on abundance [Ca/H] (Ca_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Ti/H]? Scatter on abundance [Ti/H] (Ti_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Cr/H]? Scatter on abundance [Cr/H] (Cr_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Mn/H]? Scatter on abundance [Mn/H] (Mn_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Fe/H]? Scatter on abundance [Fe/H] (Fe_serr)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatnullables_[Zn/H]? Scatter on abundance [Zn/H] (Zn_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Ba/H]? Scatter on abundance [Ba/H] (Ba_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Ce/H]? Scatter on abundance [Ce/H] (Ce_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Sc/H]? Scatter on abundance [Sc/H] (Sc_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[Si/H]? Scatter on abundance [Si/H] (Si_serr)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullables_[C/H]c[]? Corrected abundance [C/H] (C_corr)phys.abundfloatnullableUvelU velocity (U)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xdoublee_Uvel[] Lower value of U interval (U_lo)km/sstat.errordoubleE_Uvel[] Upper value of U interval (U_hi)km/sstat.error;stat.maxdoubleVvelV velocity (V)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.ydoublee_Wvel[] Lower value of W interval (W_lo)km/sstat.errordoubleE_Wvel[] Upper value of W interval(W_hi)km/sstat.error;stat.maxdoubleXposX position (X)pcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.xdoublee_Xpos[] Lower value of X interval (X_lo)pcstat.error;pos.cartesian.xdoubleE_Xpos[] Upper value of X interval(X_hi)pcstat.error;stat.maxdoubleYposY position (Y)pcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.ydoublee_Ypos[] Lower value of Y interval(Y_lo)pcstat.error;pos.cartesian.ydoubleE_Ypos[] Upper value of Y interval(Y_hi)pcstat.error;stat.maxdoubleZposZ position (Z)pcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.zdoublee_Zpos[] Lower value of Z interval(Z_lo)pcstat.errordoubleE_Zpos[] Upper value of Z interval(Z_hi)pcstat.error;stat.maxdoubledDistance (d)kpcpos.distancedoublee_dLower value of d interval(d_lo)kpcstat.errordoubleE_dUpper value of d interval(d_hi)kpcstat.error;stat.maxdoubleSourceGaia source ID (some erroneous identifiers) (source_id)meta.idRUWERenormalised unit weight error (ruwe)stat.errordoublee_TeffError on effective temperature (Teff_err)Kstat.error;phys.temperature.effectivefloate_loggError on surface gravity (logg_err)log(cm.s**-2)stat.errorfloat[M/H]Metallicity ([M/H])phys.abundfloatTeffEffective temperature (Teff)Kphys.temperature.effectivedoubleloggSurface gravity (logg)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatvsiniRotational velocity (vsini)km/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_[M/H]Error on metallicity ([M/H]_err)stat.error;phys.abundfloatObjectStar identification number (object)meta.id;meta.mainchare_Mg4702.991? Error on [Mg/H] abundance from line at 4702.991 angstroms (Mg_4702.991_err)stat.errorchare_Fe4666.76? Error on [Fe/H] abundance from line at 4666.76 angstroms (Fe_4666.76_err)stat.errorchare_Ce4628.16? Error on [Ce/H] abundance from line at 4628.16 angstroms (Ce_4628.16_err)stat.errorchare_Ca4685.27? Error on [Ca/H] abundance from line at 4685.27 angstroms(Ca_4685.27_err)stat.errorchar