J/MNRAS/500/4257ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/500/4257doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/bg-fm-451CDSFiorellino E.Elia D.Andre P.Men'shchikov A.Pezzuto S.Schisano E.,Konyves V.Arzoumanian D.Benedettini M.Ward-Thompson D.Bracco A.,Di Francesco J.Bontemps S.Kirk J.Motte F.Molinari S.2026-08-03T07:30:41Z2023-11-13T11:35:13ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstar-forming-regionsinterstellar-mediuminfrared-photometrymillimeter-astronomyphotometrysubmillimeter-astronomyThe Herschel Gould Belt survey mapped the nearby (d<500pc) star-forming regions to understand better how the prestellar phase influences the star formation process. Here, we report a complete census of dense cores in a ~15deg^2^ area of the Serpens star-forming region located between d~420 and 484pc. The PACS and SPIRE cameras imaged this cloud from 70 to 500{mu}m. With the multiwavelength source extraction algorithm getsources, we extract 833 sources, of which 709 are starless cores and 124 are candidate protostellar cores. We obtain temperatures and masses for all the sample, classifying the starless cores in 604 prestellar cores and 105 unbound cores. Our census of sources is 80 per cent complete for M>0.8M_{sun}_ overall. We produce the core mass function (CMF) and compare it with the initial mass function (IMF). The prestellar CMF is consistent with lognormal trend up to ~2 M_{sun}_, after which it follows a power law with slope of -2.05+/-0.34. The tail of its CMF is steeper but still compatible with the IMF for the region we studied in this work. We also extract the filaments network of the Serpens region, finding that 81 per cent of prestellar cores lie on filamentary structures. The spatial association between cores and filamentary structure supports the paradigm, suggested by other Herschel observations, that prestellar cores mostly form on filaments. Serpens is confirmed to be a young, low-mass and active star-forming region.2021MNRAS.500.4257Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/500/4257CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/500/4257https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/500/4257http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/500/4257https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/500/4257https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/500/4257http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/500/4257GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea1 (Catalogue of dense cores identified in HGBS maps of Serpens)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true276.78241670.56216670.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea2 (Derived properties of dense cores identified in HGBS maps of Serpens)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true276.78241670.56216670.0055555555555555565/7589 7591 6/30266-30267 30270 30353-30355 30360-30361 30363 30385 30388 30400-304023.972892068905477e-22 2.837779945223663e-21https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/500/4257?format=asciiInfraredMillimeterdefaultJ/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea1Catalogue of dense cores identified in HGBS maps of SerpensrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID[1/833] Core running numbermeta.idintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainSig70? Detection significance from monochromatic single scales in the image at 70{mu}mstat.fit.goodnessdoublenullableI70pPeak intensity at 70{mu}m estimated by getsourcesJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoublee_I70pError on I70pJy/beamstat.errordoubleI70p/IbgRatio of the background-subtracted peak intensity to the local background intensity at 70{mu}mphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatI70cv500Peak intensity at 70{mu}m after smoothing to a resolution corresponding to the 500 micron beamJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoubleS70Integrated flux density at 70{mu}m as estimated by getsourcesJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoublee_S70Error on S70Jystat.errordoublea70? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along major axis at 70{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.smajAxisintnullableb70? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along minor axis at 70{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisintnullablePA70[] Position angle of source major axis, east of north at 70{mu}mdegpos.posAngintSig160? Detection significance from monochromatic single scales in the image at 160{mu}mstat.fit.goodnessdoublenullableI160pPeak intensity at 160{mu}m estimated by getsourcesJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzdoublee_I160pError on I160pJy/beamstat.errordoubleI160p/IbgRatio of the background-subtracted peak intensity to the local background intensity at 160{mu}mphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatI160cv500Peak intensity at 160{mu}m after smoothing to a resolution corresponding to the 500 micron beamJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzdoubleS160Integrated flux density at 160{mu}m as estimated by getsourcesJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzdoublee_S160Error on S160Jystat.errordoublea160? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along major axis at 160{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.smajAxisintnullableb160? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along minor axis at 160{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisintnullablePA160[] Position angle of source major axis, east of north at 160{mu}mdegpos.posAngintSig250? Detection significance from monochromatic single scales in the image at 250{mu}mstat.fit.goodnessdoublenullableI250pPeak intensity at 250{mu}m estimated by getsourcesJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoublee_I250pError on I250pJy/beamstat.errordoubleI250p/IbgRatio of the background-subtracted peak intensity to the local background intensity at 250{mu}mphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatI250cv500Peak intensity at 250{mu}m after smoothing to a resolution corresponding to the 500 micron beamJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoubleS250Integrated flux density at 250{mu}m as estimated by getsourcesJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoublee_S250Error on S250Jystat.errordoublea250? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along major axis at 250{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.smajAxisintnullableb250? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along minor axis at 250{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisintnullablePA250[] Position angle of source major axis, east of north at 250{mu}mdegpos.posAngintSig350? Detection significance from monochromatic single scales in the image at 350{mu}mstat.fit.goodnessdoublenullableI350pPeak intensity at 350{mu}m estimated by getsourcesJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoublee_I350pError on I350pJy/beamstat.errordoubleI350p/IbgRatio of the background-subtracted peak intensity to the local background intensity at 350{mu}mphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatI350cv500Peak intensity at 350{mu}m after smoothing to a resolution corresponding to the 500 micron beamJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoubleS350Integrated flux density at 350{mu}m as estimated by getsourcesJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoublee_S350Error on S350Jystat.errordoublea350? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along major axis at 350{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.smajAxisintnullableb350? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along minor axis at 350{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisintnullablePA350[] Position angle of source major axis, east of north at 350{mu}mdegpos.posAngintSig500? Detection significance from monochromatic single scales in the image at 500{mu}mstat.fit.goodnessdoublenullableI500pPeak intensity at 500{mu}m estimated by getsourcesJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.400-750GHzdoublee_I500pError on I500pJy/beamstat.errordoubleI500p/IbgRatio of the background-subtracted peak intensity to the local background intensity at 500{mu}mphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatS500Integrated flux density at 500{mu}m as estimated by getsourcesJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.400-750GHzdoublee_S500Error on S500Jystat.errordoublea500? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along major axis at 500{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.smajAxisintnullableb500? Estimate of source size (FWHM) along minor axis at 500{mu}marcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisintnullablePA500[] Position angle of source major axis, east of north at 500{mu}mdegpos.posAngintSigNH2Detection significance from single scales on high-resolution column density mapstat.fit.goodnessdoubleNH2pPeak column density at 18.2arcsec resolution, estimated by getsources1e+21cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatNH2p/NH2bgContrast of peak column density over the local backgroundphys.columnDensityfloatNH2cv500Peak column density estimated by getsources after smoothing to a resolution corresponding to the 500 micron beam1e+21cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatNH2bgColumn density of local background1e+21cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloataNH2Estimate of source size (FWHM) along major axis in column density maparcsecphys.angSize.smajAxisintbNH2Estimate of source size (FWHM) along minor axis in column density maparcsecphys.angSize.sminAxisintPANH2[] Position angle of source major axis in column density mapdegpos.posAngintNSEDNumber of bands in which the source is significant (Sig_{lambda}_>5)meta.numberintCuTexCuTex flag (1)meta.codecharCoreCore type (starless, prestellar or protostellar)src.classcharSimbadSimbad associated IDs within 1 arcmin of Herschel positionmeta.id.assoccharCommentsCommentsmeta.notecharNameCore name HBBS J (HHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)meta.id;meta.maincharJ/MNRAS/500/4257/tablea2Derived properties of dense cores identified in HGBS maps of SerpensrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID[1/833] Core running numbermeta.idintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainRcobsCore radius as observedpcphys.size.radiusdoubleRcdecCore radius with 18.2arcsec beam deconvolvedpcphys.size.radiusdoubleMcoreCore mass assuming the dust opacity law by Roy et al. (2014A&A...562A.138R)solMassphys.massfloate_McoreError on McoresolMassstat.errorfloatTdustDust temperatureKphys.temperaturefloate_TdustError on TdustKstat.errorfloatNH2pPeak H_2_ column density at the resolution of the 500 micron data1e+21cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatNH2aobsAverage column density derived using observed radius (1)1e+21cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatNH2adecAverage column density derived using deconvolved radius (1)1e+21cm**-2phys.columnDensityfloatnH2pBeam-averaged peak volume density (2)10000cm**-3phys.densityfloatnH2aobsAverage volume density derived using observed radius (3)10000cm**-3phys.densityfloatnH2adecAverage volume density derived using deconvolved radius (3)10000cm**-3phys.densityfloatalphaBEBonnor-Ebert mass ratio {alpha}_BE_=M_BE_/M_core_phys.mass;arith.ratiofloatCoreCore type (starless, prestellar or protostellar)src.classcharCommentsCommentsmeta.notecharNameCore name HBBS J (HHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)meta.id;meta.mainchar