J/MNRAS/498/3241ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/498/3241doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74983241CDSBuckley-Geer E.J.Lin H.Rusu C.E.Poh J.Palmese A.Agnello A.,Christensen L.Frieman J.Shajib A.J.Treu T.Collett T.Birrer S.,Anguita T.Fassnacht C.D.Meylan G.Mukherjee S.Wong K.C.Aguena M.,Allam S.Avila S.Bertin E.Bhargava S.Brooks D.Carnero Rosell A.,Carrasco Kind M.Carretero J.Castander F.J.Costanzi M.da Costa L.N.,De Vicente J.Desai S.Diehl H.T.Doel P.Eifler T.F.Everett S.,Flaugher B.Fosalba P.Garcia-Bellido J.Gaztanaga E.Gruen D.,Gruendl R.A.Gschwend J.Gutierrez G.Hinton S.R.Honscheid K.,James D.J.Kuehn K.Kuropatkin N.Maia M.A.G.Marshall J.L.,Melchior P.Menanteau F.Miquel R.Ogando R.L.C.Paz-Chinchon F.,Plazas A.A.Sanchez E.Scarpine V.Schubnell M.Serrano S.,Sevilla-Noarbe I.Smith M.Soares-Santos M.Suchyta E.Swanson M.E.C.,Tarle G.Tucker D.L.Varga T.N.(The DES Collaboration)2024-08-21T20:15:59Z2023-11-06T08:06:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgravitational-lensinggalaxy-groupsastrometryredshiftedgalaxy-kinematicsphotometryspectroscopyvisible-astronomytn time-delay cosmography, three of the key ingredients are (1) determining the velocity dispersion of the lensing galaxy, (2) identifying galaxies and groups along the line of sight with sufficient proximity and mass to be included in the mass model, and (3) estimating the external convergence {kappa}_ext_ from less massive structures that are not included in the mass model. We present results on all three of these ingredients for two time-delay lensed quad quasar systems, DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008 . We use the Gemini, Magellan, and VLT telescopes to obtain spectra to both measure the stellar velocity dispersions of the main lensing galaxies and to identify the line-of-sight galaxies in these systems. Next, we identify 10 groups in DES J0408-5354 and two groups in WGD 2038-4008 using a group-finding algorithm. We then identify the most significant galaxy and galaxy-group perturbers using the 'flexion shift' criterion. We determine the probability distribution function of the external convergence {kappa}_ext_ for both of these systems based on our spectroscopy and on the DES-only multiband wide-field observations. Using weighted galaxy counts, calibrated based on the Millennium Simulation, we find that DES J0408-5354 is located in a significantly underdense environment, leading to a tight (width ~3 per cent), negative-value {kappa}_ext_ distribution. On the other hand, WGD 2038-4008 is located in an environment of close to unit density, and its low source redshift results in a much tighter {kappa}_ext_ of ~1 per cent, as long as no external shear constraints are imposed.2020MNRAS.498.3241Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/498/3241CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/498/3241https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/498/3241http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/498/3241https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/498/3241https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/498/3241http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/498/3241GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/498/3241/table3 (Group properties in the field of view of DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true62.09609889-53.903136110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/498/3241/table4 (Properties of the 10 galaxies with the largest flexion shifts in the field of DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true62.090965-53.901633890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea1 (Properties of all 199 galaxies in spectroscopic survey of the field of DES J0408-5354 and 54 galaxies in the spectroscopic survey of the field of WGD 2038-4008)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true62.090965-53.901633890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea2 (Properties of galaxies in each trial group)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true62.03080889-53.908820.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea3 (Properties of redmapper clusters in the field of view of WGD 2038-4008)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true309.53913-40.115840.0055555555555555566/33963 47473 47475https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/498/3241?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/498/3241/table1Spectroscopic observations for the DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008 systemsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemName of the observed system (DES J0408-5354 or WGD 2038-4008)meta.id;meta.maincharTelescopeTelescope used for the observationinstr.setupcharInstrumentInstrument used for the observationmeta.id;instrcharMaskName of the maskobs.imagecharGrismGrating/Grisminstr.setupcharUTdateDate of the observationtime.epochcharExpTimeExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposurecharJ/MNRAS/498/3241/table2Velocity dispersion results for the main lensing galaxies in the DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008 systemsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemName of the observed system (DES J0408-5354 or WGD 2038-4008)meta.id;pos.framecharMaskName of the mask (1)obs.imagecharsigmaVelocity dispersionkm/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigmaError on sigmakm/sstat.errorintSlitSlit widtharcsecspect.line.widthfloatWindowExtraction windowarcsecinstr.fovfloatSeeingSeeing FWHMarcsecinstr.obsty.seeingfloatbetaMoffat indexstat.fit.paramfloatJ/MNRAS/498/3241/table3Group properties in the field of view of DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008f_ID[*] Flag on ID (1)meta.codecharIDGroup identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemName of the observed system (DES J0408-5354 or WGD 2038-4008)meta.id.parentchare_R200Lower error on R200Mpcstat.errorfloatE_R200Upper error on R200Mpcstat.error;stat.maxfloatRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) of the group centroiddegpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RAJ2000Error on RAdegarcminstat.error;pos.eq.rafloatDEJ2000Declination (J2000) of the group centroiddegpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEJ2000Error on DEdegarcminstat.error;pos.eq.decfloate_DthetaLower error on Dthetaarcsecstat.errorintzGroup redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatNNumber of spectroscopically identified galaxiesmeta.numberintsigmarestGroup rest-frame velocity dispersion (rounded to the nearest 10km/s)km/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigmarestLower error on sigmarestkm/sstat.errorintE_sigmarestUpper error on sigmarestkm/sstat.error;stat.maxintl_sigmaintLimit flag on sigmaintmeta.code.errorcharsigmaintGroup intrinsic velocity dispersion (rounded to the nearest 10km/s)km/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigmaint? Lower error on sigmaintkm/sstat.errorintnullableE_sigmaint? Upper error on sigmaintkm/sstat.error;stat.maxintnullableR200Group R_200_ radiusMpcphys.size.radiusfloatDthetaProjected distance of the centroid to the lensarcsecpos.angDistanceintE_DthetaUpper error on Dthetaarcsecstat.error;stat.maxintl_logD3xLimit flag on logD3xmeta.code.errorcharlogD3xLogarithm of the median flexion shift (see Section 6.1 of the article)log(arcsec)pos.angDistancefloate_logD3x? Lower error on logD3xlog(arcsec)stat.errorfloatnullableE_logD3x? Upper error on logD3xlog(arcsec)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableJ/MNRAS/498/3241/table4Properties of the 10 galaxies with the largest flexion shifts in the field of DES J0408-5354 and WGD 2038-4008recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemName of the observed system (DES J0408-5354 or WGD 2038-4008)meta.id.parentcharIDDES Y3 object identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharf_IDFlag on ID (1)meta.codecharONameAlternative identifiermeta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzRedshiftsrc.redshiftdoublee_z? Error on z (2)stat.error;src.redshiftfloatnullableimagDES i-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatlogM*Logarith of the stellar mass (3)log(solMass)phys.massfloatE_logM*Upper error on logM* (3)log(solMass)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_logM*Lower error on logM* (3)log(solMass)stat.errorfloatDthetaProjected distance to the lensing galaxyarcsecpos.angDistancefloatlogD3xZLogarithm of the flexion shifts calculated using the scaling relations by Zahid et al. (2016ApJ...832..203Z) (4)log(arcsec)pos.angDistancefloatE_logD3xZUpper error on logD3xZlog(arcsec)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_logD3xZLower error on logD3xZlog(arcsec)stat.errorfloatlogD3xALogarithm of the flexion shifts calculated using the scaling relations by Auger et al. (2011MNRAS.411L...6A) (4)log(arcsec)pos.angDistancefloatE_logD3xAUpper error on logD3xAlog(arcsec)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_logD3xALower error on logD3xAlog(arcsec)stat.errorfloatJ/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea1Properties of all 199 galaxies in spectroscopic survey of the field of DES J0408-5354 and 54 galaxies in the spectroscopic survey of the field of WGD 2038-4008logM*? Logarith of the stellar mass (4)log(solMass)phys.massfloatnullableE_logM*? Upper error on logM* (4)log(solMass)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_logM*? Lower error on logM* (4)log(solMass)stat.errorfloatnullableDthetaProjected distance to the lensing galaxyarcsecpos.angDistancefloatlogD3xZ? Logarithm of the flexion shifts calculated using the scaling relations by Zahid et al. (2016ApJ...832..203Z) (5)log(arcsec)pos.angDistancefloatnullableE_logD3xZ? Upper error on logD3xZlog(arcsec)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_logD3xZ? Lower error on logD3xZlog(arcsec)stat.errorfloatnullableE_logD3xA? Upper error on logD3xAlog(arcsec)stat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemName of the observed system (DES J0408-5354 or WGD 2038-4008)meta.id.parentcharIDDES Y3 or DES Y1 object identifier (1)meta.id;meta.maincharf_ID[**] Flag on ID (2)meta.codecharONameAlternative identifiermeta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzRedshift (3)src.redshiftdoubleimag? DES i-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullablelogD3xA? Logarithm of the flexion shifts calculated using the scaling relations by Auger et al. (2011MNRAS.411L...6A) (5)log(arcsec)pos.angDistancefloatnullablee_logD3xA? Lower error on logD3xAlog(arcsec)stat.errorfloatnullableJ/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea2Properties of galaxies in each trial grouprecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSystemName of the observed system (DES J0408-5354 or WGD 2038-4008)meta.id.parentcharGroupGalaxy groupmeta.idcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainzRedshift (1)src.redshiftdoubleimag? DES i-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableIDGalaxy identifier (2)meta.id;meta.maincharMembIndicates whether that galaxy passes the iterative group membership algorithm described in Section 5.1meta.codecharJ/MNRAS/498/3241/tablea3Properties of redmapper clusters in the field of view of WGD 2038-4008recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDCluster identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloate_zError on zstat.error;src.redshiftfloatlambdaRichnesssrc.class.richnessfloate_lambdaError on lambdastat.errorfloatsigmaVelocity dispersion (rounded to the nearest 10km/s)km/sphys.veloc.dispersionintE_sigmaUpper error on sigmakm/sstat.error;stat.maxinte_sigmaLower error on sigmakm/sstat.errorintRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000) of the group centroiddegpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000) of the group centroiddegpos.eq.dec;meta.mainDthetaProjected distance of the centroid to the lensarcsecpos.angDistancefloatlogD3xLogarithm of the flexion shift (see Section 6.1 of the article)log(arcsec)pos.angDistancefloatE_logD3xUpper error on logD3xlog(arcsec)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_logD3xLower error on logD3xlog(arcsec)stat.errorfloat