J/MNRAS/495/2858ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/495/2858doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74952858CDSRipoche P.Heyl J.Parada J.Richer H.2024-08-21T20:14:44Z2021-12-10T12:54:49ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmagellanic-cloudscarbon-starsinfrared-photometryOur goal in this paper is to derive a carbon-star luminosity function that will eventually be used to determine distances to galaxies at 50-60 Mpc and hence yield a value of the Hubble constant. Cool N-type carbon stars exhibit redder near-infrared colours than oxygen-rich stars. Using Two Micron All Sky Survey near-infrared photometry and the Gaia Data Release 2, we identify carbon stars in the Magellanic Clouds (MC) and the Milky Way (MW). Carbon stars in the MC appear as a distinct horizontal feature in the near-infrared ((J-K_s_)_0_, M_J_) colour-magnitude diagram. We build a colour selection (1.4<(J-K_s_)_0_<2) and derive the luminosity function of the colour-selected carbon stars. We find the median absolute magnitude and the dispersion, in the J band, for the Large and the Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC) to be, respectively, (M_J_=-6.284+/-0.004 and {sigma}=0.352+/-0.005) and (M_J_=-6.160+/-0.015 and {sigma}=0.365+/-0.014). The difference between the MC may be explained by the lower metallicity of the SMC, but in any case it provides limits on the type of galaxy whose distance can be determined with this technique. To account for metallicity effects, we developed a composite magnitude, named C, for which the error-weighted mean C magnitude of the MC are equal. Thanks to the next generation of telescopes (JWST, ELT, and TMT), carbon stars could be detected in MC-type galaxies at distances out to 50-60Mpc. The final goal is to eventually try and improve the measurement of the Hubble constant while exploring the current tensions related to its value.2020MNRAS.495.2858Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/495/2858CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/495/2858https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/495/2858http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/495/2858https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/495/2858https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/495/2858http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/495/2858GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/495/2858/lmc2mass (Catalogue of stars in the LMC)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/495/2858/lmc2mass?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/495/2858/lmc2mass?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/495/2858/lmc2mass?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true78.302202292394-70.8890228486870.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/495/2858/smc2mass (Catalogue of stars in the SMC)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/495/2858/smc2mass?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/495/2858/smc2mass?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/495/2858/smc2mass?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true16.6500528508116-74.17191381698990.0055555555555555564/2065 2067-2070 2344 2346 5/8221 8257-8259 8264-8265 8267 8284-8286 8304-8305 8323 8329 8448-8450 9346 9352 9354 9728-9730 6/32861-32863 32883 32893 33025-33027 33064-33065 33148 33168-33169 33172-33173 33175 33228-33229 33232-33234 33287 33291 33298 33304 33306-33307 33313 33324-33326 33328-33330 33804 33808 33824 37378-37379 37382 37388 37390 37412 37414 37420 37422 38924-38926 38930 389448.650015785639275e-20 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/495/2858?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/495/2858/lmc2massCatalogue of stars in the LMCrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 unique source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=J2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedJmag2MASS J magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag2MASS J total magnitude uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatHmag2MASS H magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_Hmag2MASS H total magnitude uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatKmag2MASS Ks magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Kmag2MASS Ks total magnitude uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloat_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/MNRAS/495/2858/smc2massCatalogue of stars in the SMCrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR2Gaia DR2 unique source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainRA_ICRSRight ascension (ICRS) at Ep=J2015.5degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDE_ICRSDeclination (ICRS) at Ep=2015.5degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedJmag2MASS J magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag2MASS J total magnitude uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatHmag2MASS H magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_Hmag2MASS H total magnitude uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatKmag2MASS Ks magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Kmag2MASS Ks total magnitude uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloat_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) at Epoch=J2015.5 (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexed