J/MNRAS/492/1641ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/492/1641doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74921641CDSMeszaros S.Masseron T.Garcia-Hernandez D.A.Allende Prieto C.,Beers T.C.Bizyaev D.Chojnowski D.Cohen R.E.Cunha K.Dell'Agli F.,Ebelke G.Fernandez-Trincado J.G.Frinchaboy P.Geisler D.,Hasselquist S.Hearty F.Holtzman J.Johnson J.Lane R.R.Lacerna I.,Longa-Pena P.Majewski S.R.Martell S.L.Minniti D.Nataf D.,Nidever D.L.Pan K.Schiavon R.P.Shetrone M.Smith V.V.Sobeck J.S.,Stringfellow G.S.Szigeti L.Tang B.Wilson J.C.Zamora O.2024-08-20T20:15:24Z2023-05-24T14:16:18ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frlate-type-starsgiant-starsglobular-star-clustersmetallicitychemically-peculiar-starsmilky-way-galaxyinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyWe investigate the Fe, C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ce, and Nd abundances of 2283 red giant stars in 31 globular clusters from high-resolution spectra observed in both the northern and Southern hemisphere by the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 survey. This unprecedented homogeneous data set, largest to date, allows us to discuss the intrinsic Fe spread, the shape, and statistics of Al-Mg and N-C anti-correlations as a function of cluster mass, luminosity, age, and metallicity for all 31 clusters. We find that the Fe spread does not depend on these parameters within our uncertainties including cluster metallicity, contradicting earlier observations. We do not confirm the metallicity variations previously observed in M22 and NGC 1851. Some clusters show a bimodal Al distribution, while others exhibit a continuous distribution as has been previously reported in the literature. We confirm more than two populations in {omega} Cen and NGC 6752, and find new ones in M79. We discuss the scatter of Al by implementing a correction to the standard chemical evolution of Al in the Milky Way. After correction, its dependence on cluster mass is increased suggesting that the extent of Al enrichment as a function of mass was suppressed before the correction. We observe a turnover in the Mg-Al anticorrelation at very low Mg in {omega} Cen, similar to the pattern previously reported in M15 and M92. {omega} Cen may also have a weak K-Mg anticorrelation, and if confirmed, it would be only the third cluster known to show such a pattern.2020MNRAS.492.1641Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/492/1641CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)J/AJ/149/153 : Abundances of red giants in 10 globular clustersJ/MNRAS/478/1520 : Milky Way globular clusters data (Baumgardt+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/492/1641https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/492/1641http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/492/1641https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/492/1641https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/492/1641http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/492/1641GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/492/1641/table2 (Atmospheric parameters and abundances of individual stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/492/1641/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/492/1641/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/492/1641/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true198.071505618.23829280.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/492/1641/table3 (Abundance averages and scatter)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/492/1641/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/492/1641/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/492/1641/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.0223292-72.08144440.0055555555555555566/9436 9664 9666 10008 10321 10336-10337 12405 12943 16647 16658 19091 21017 24843 25873 27975 27981 27984 27986 27992 28067 28705 28778 28855 28882 28889 28895 28899 28905 28966-28967 28972-28973 29187 29636 30321 30769 31019 31115 31396 31398 31416-31417 33321 33323 33330 34242-34243 37294 37636 38465 38468 42076 42314 42336 42954-42955 42977 43225 43227-43228 43230 47125 47168 47970-47971 48035https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/492/1641?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/492/1641/table2Atmospheric parameters and abundances of individual starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintClusterCluster namemeta.id.parentcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchare_[Mg/Fe]? Error on [Mg/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Mg/Fe]Number of Mg lines observedmeta.numberintNameStar name (2MHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.id;meta.maincharTeffEffective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintloggSurface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloat[Fe/H]? Iron to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_[Fe/H]? Error on [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloatnullable[C/Fe]? C/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitCNumber of C lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[C/Fe]? Error on [C/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[C/Fe]Number of C lines observedmeta.numberintStatus[HB/RGB/eAGB/ ] Star status (1)src.classchar[N/Fe]? N/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitNNumber of N lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[N/Fe]? Error on [N/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[N/Fe]Number of N lines observedmeta.numberint[O/Fe]? O/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitONumber of O lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[O/Fe]? Error on [O/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[O/Fe]Number of O lines observedmeta.numberint[Na/Fe]? Na/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitNaNumber of Na lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[Na/Fe]? Error on [Na/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Na/Fe]Number of Na lines observedmeta.numberint[Mg/Fe]? Mg/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitMgNumber of Mg lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberint[Al/Fe]? Al/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitAlNumber of Al lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[Al/Fe]? Error on [Al/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Al/Fe]Number of Al lines observedmeta.numberint[Si/Fe]? Si/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitSiNumber of Si lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[Si/Fe]? Error on [Si/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Si/Fe]Number of Si lines observedmeta.numberint[K/Fe]? K/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitKNumber of K lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[K/Fe]? Error on [K/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[K/Fe]Number of K lines observedmeta.numberint[Ca/Fe]? Ca/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitCaNumber of Ca lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[Ca/Fe]? Error on [Ca/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Ca/Fe]Number of Ca lines observedmeta.numberint[Ce/Fe]? Ce/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitCeNumber of Ce lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[Ce/Fe]? Error on [Ce/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Ce/Fe]Number of Ce lines observedmeta.numberint[Nd/Fe]? Nd/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablelimitNdNumber of Nd lines used in the abundances analysis from BACCHUS (2)meta.numberinte_[Nd/Fe]? Error on [Nd/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableo_[Nd/Fe]Number of Nd lines observedmeta.numberintS/NSignal to noise ratiostat.snrintOName? Object identifier from Carretta et al. (2009A&A...505..117C)meta.idintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/492/1641/table3Abundance averages and scatterSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameCluster name (NGC NNNN or Pal 5)meta.id;meta.maincharOnameAlternative namemeta.idchar[Fe/H]C? Fe/H abundance ration from Carretta et al. (2009A&A...508..695C)phys.abund.Fefloatnullable[Fe/H]P? Fe/H abundance ration from Pancino et al. (2017A&A...601A.112P, Cat. J/A+A/601/A112)phys.abund.FefloatnullableMassCluster mass from Baumgardt & Hilker (2018MNRAS.478.1520B, Cat. J/MNRAS/478/1520)1000solMassphys.massfloatVMAGAbsolute visual magnitudemagphys.magAbsfloatAge? Cluster age from Krause et al. (2016A&A...587A..53K)Gyrtime.agefloatnullable[Fe/H]Average Fe/H abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;arith.ratio;stat.meanfloats_[Fe/H]Scatter on [Fe/H] (1)stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloate_[Fe/H]Average uncertainty on [Fe/H]stat.error;phys.abund.Fefloat[Al/Fe]Average Al/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloats_[Al/Fe]Scatter on [Al/Fe] (1)stat.error;phys.abundfloat[Al/Fe]sup? Average of [Al/Fe]>0.3dex abundancesphys.abundfloatnullable[Al/Fe]inf? Average of [Al/Fe]<0.3dex abundancesphys.abundfloatnullables_[Al/Fe]sup? Scatter on [Al/Fe]sup (1)stat.errorfloatnullablefenriched? Extent of enrichment f_enriched_=N_SG_/N_tot_ (2)meta.numberfloatnullableS1Average (Mg+Al+Si)/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloats_S1Scatter on S1 (1)stat.errorfloat[N/Fe]? Average N/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullables_[N/Fe]? Scatter on [N/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableS2? Average (C+N+O)/Fe abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullables_S2? Scatter on S2 (1)stat.errorfloatnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main