J/MNRAS/490/3508ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/490/3508doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74903508CDSLi T.S.Koposov S.E.Zucker D.B.Lewis G.F.Kuehn K.Simpson J.D.,Ji A.P.Shipp N.Mao Y.-Y.Geha M.Pace A.B.Mackey A.D.Allam S.,Tucker D.L.Da Costa G.S.Erkal D.Simon J.D.Mould J.R.Martell S.L.,Wan Z.De Silva G.M.Bechtol K.Balbinot E.Belokurov V.,Bland-Hawthorn J.Casey A.R.Cullinane L.Drlica-Wagner A.Sharma S.,Vivas A.K.Wechsler R.H.Yanny B.(the S5 Collaboration)2024-08-20T20:13:55Z2022-10-17T08:31:56ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvisible-astronomyspectroscopysurveysradial-velocitymetallicityinfrared-photometrystellar-distanceredshiftedquasarsWe introduce the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopy Survey (S^5^), an on-going program to map the kinematics and chemistry of stellar streams in the southern hemisphere. The initial focus of S^5^ has been spectroscopic observations of recently identified streams within the footprint of the dark energy survey (DES), with the eventual goal of surveying streams across the entire southern sky. Stellar streams are composed of material that has been tidally striped from dwarf galaxies and globular clusters and hence are excellent dynamical probes of the gravitational potential of the Milky Way, as well as providing a detailed snapshot of its accretion history. Observing with the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope's 2-degree-Field fibre positioner and AAOmega spectrograph, and combining the precise photometry of DES DR1 with the superb proper motions from Gaia DR2, allows us to conduct an efficient spectroscopic survey to map these stellar streams. So far S^5^ has mapped nine DES streams and three streams outside of DES; the former are the first spectroscopic observations of these recently discovered streams. In addition to the stream survey, we use spare fibres to undertake a Milky Way halo survey and a low-redshift galaxy survey. This paper presents an overview of the S^5^ program, describing the scientific motivation for the survey, target selection, observation strategy, data reduction, and survey validation. Finally, we describe early science results on stellar streams and Milky Way halo stars drawn from the survey.2019MNRAS.490.3508Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/490/3508CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/358 : SkyMapper Southern Sky Survey. DR1.1 (Wolf+, 2018)III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)II/363 : The band-merged unWISE Catalog (Schlafly+, 2019)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)II/371 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 2 (Abbott+, 2021)J/AJ/128/245 : M giant stars in the Sagittarius dwarf gal. (Majewski+, 2004)J/AJ/136/2070 : SEGUE stellar param. pipeline. III. (Allende Prieto+, 2008)J/AJ/141/175 : Abundances in M15 RGB/RHB stars (Sobeck+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/146 : Radial velocities of stars in Bootes I (Koposov+, 2011)J/ApJ/762/27 : Most metal-poor stars. III. [Fe/H]<=-3.0 stars (Yong+, 2013)J/A+A/550/A103 : Model 1D (LHD) & 3D (CO5BOLD) spectra (Allende Prieto+, 2013)J/ApJ/769/57 : Equivalent widths of metal-poor stars (Frebel+, 2013)J/MNRAS/434/1681 : Extremely metal-poor stars CaII triplet (Carrera+, 2013)J/ApJ/809/59 : Ophiuchus stellar stream with PS1 data (Sesar+, 2015)J/ApJ/819/1 : Wide-field photometry of the GC Palomar 5 (Ibata+, 2016)J/MNRAS/474/4112 : Cand. RR Lyr star streams in inner Galaxy (Mateu+, 2018)J/ApJ/857/145 : MagLiteS Carina II and Carina III spectroscopy (Li+, 2018)J/A+A/616/A10 : Open clusters GaiaDR2 HR diagrams (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/MNRAS/478/4513 : GALAH Survey DR2 (Buder+, 2018)J/ApJ/866/22 : Spectroscopic analysis of Tuc III stream (Li+, 2018)J/ApJ/870/83 : Abund. in the ultra-faint dwarf gal. GruI & TriII (Ji+, 2019)J/A+A/622/A60 : Gaia DR2 misclassified RR Lyrae list (Clementini+, 2019)J/MNRAS/482/4570 : Gaia DR2 white dwarf candidates (Gentile Fusillo+, 2019)J/A+A/623/A110 : Gaia DR2. Variable stars in CMD (Gaia Collaboration+, 2019)J/ApJ/875/77 : Proper motions of MW satellites with Gaia & DES (Pace+, 2019)J/ApJ/885/3 : Membership in 12 stellar streams from DES (Shipp+, 2019)http://s5collab.github.io/ : The Southern Stellar Stream Sp. Survey home pagehttp://zenodo.org/record/4695135#.Y0m86OzMI_Y : S5 DR1 on Zenodohttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3508https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3508http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3508https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3508https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3508http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/490/3508GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/490/3508/s5dr1 (First Public Data Release of the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S^5^ DR1))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/s5dr1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/s5dr1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/s5dr1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true238.52354584.70455280.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/490/3508/table2 (S^5^ fields observed with the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) as of 2019 June)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true30.35024806-33.098693060.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/490/3508/tableb1 (A list of 674 QSOs identified by S^5^ with robust redshift measurements)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/490/3508/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true4.69728-51.759918890.0055555555555555565/3101 4165 4167 4173 4772 6178 6278 6285 6287 6320 6329 6678 6754 7862-7863 8349 8394 8417 8729 8732 8734-8735 8757 8767 8799-8800 8802-8803 8821 8823 8828 8830 8853 8860 8881 8883 8913 8915 8921-8922 8943-8944 8946 8952 9049 9541 10269-10270 10298 10383 10787 10882 11236 11250 11257 11260 11357 11359 11381 11383 11389 11391 11394-11395 11397-11398 11408 11412 11459 11463 11474-11475 11477-11479 11530 11549-11550 11553 11556 11558-11559 11567 11569-11571 11576 11578-11579 11586 11650-11651 11653-11655 11657 11659-11660 11665-11666 11722 11898 11975 11993 12003 12008 12010 12013 6/12382-12383 12554 12576 12578 16665 16667 16689 16691 16697-16702 16704 16706 16712 16784-16785 16788 19092 19094 19096-19097 19100 24706-24707 24710 24716 24718 25105-25107 25110 25116 25186 25192 25239 25245 25286 25288-25289 25291-25292 25315 25321 25324-25325 25327 25330 25336 26695 26701 26706-26707 26716 26845 27010-27011 27020 27022 28757 28843 28846 28928-28929 29184-29185 29187-29188 29190 31437 31439 31446-31447 31472-31473 31618 31624 31626 33393 33395 33401 33404-33405 33407 33570 33580 33582-33583 33664-33665 33667 33676 34894-34895 34924-34925 34927 34934 34987 34990 35024-35025 35037 35063 35114 35190-35191 35193 35195 35204 35206-35207 35224 35234 35236-35237 35240 35242 35281 35283 35289-35291 35310-35311 35316 35318 35324 35326 35329-35332 35334 35336-35338 35340 35360 35409 35411 35417-35420 35422 35429 35431 35437-35439 35448-35450 35529 35531 35536 35538 35544 35651 35657 35659 35664-35665 35668 35681 35683 35692 35694 35741 35743 35765 35767 35780 35782 35816 35818 35874 35880 36204-36205 36208 36210 36216 38208-38209 38233-38236 38238 38256-38257 38260 41053 41071 41073 41075 41157 41168-41170 41187 41196 41198 41218-41219 41221-41222 41224-41226 41228 41232-41233 41536-41537 41576 41578 41620-41621 43045 43047 43052-43053 43055-43056 43058 43064 43066 43147 43169 43171-43174 43521-43524 43526 43560 43562 43648 43650 44858-44859 44862 44948 44959 44981 45004 45006-45007 45018-45019 45022 45024-45025 45044 45046 45403 45406-45407 45425 45427 45433 45435 45521 45523 45529 45531 45553 45555 45561 45563 45571 45573-45575 45585-45587 45596-45598 45600-45602 45636 45638-45641 45644-45645 45653-45658 45660-45661 45663 45824 45826 45830-45832 45842 45846-45848 45850 45890-45891 45894-45895 45905-45907 45937 45940-45941 46090 46112 46114-46115 46124 46126-46127 46167 46173-46175 46189 46191 46193-46195 46204 46208-46209 46216 46220-46221 46223 46230 46240 46242 46248 46250 46256-46257 46260-46261 46263 46267 46275 46288 46290 46330 46337-46342 46348 46352 46368 46592 46609-46611 46624-46625 46635 46644-46645 46648 46650 46657 46659 46668 46670 46672 46688-46689 46692 46721 46724-46725 46882-46883 47586-47587 47590 47596 47598 47611 47614 47869 47871 47891 47894-47895 47897 47899 47951-47953 47955-47958 47962 47984-47986 48003 48006-48007 48009 48011 48030-48031 48036 48038 48074 48096 480984.318361990336016e-20 4.621782916333392e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/490/3508?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/490/3508/s5dr1First Public Data Release of the Southern Stellar Stream Spectroscopic Survey (S^5^ DR1)feh_kurt[-2/95] feh kurtosisstat.fit.paramfloatfehcalib_std[2.5e-5/2.8] Calibrated [Fe/H] uncertainty using repeated observations (feh_calib_std)stat.stdevdoublerchi2_1700d[0.8/481] Reduced chi square from the best fit template model from rvspecfit (redchisq_1700d)stat.fit.chi2floatchi2_1700d[1579/956425] Chi square from the best fit template model from rvspecfit (chisq_1700d)stat.fit.chi2doubleNameObject name used for AAT observation (5)meta.id;meta.maincharFieldName of the stream fields as in Table2 (6)meta.id.parentcharFW2[93.6/2.4e+6]? UnWISE W2 (4.6um) band flux density in "Vega nMgy" (flux_w2)167.66nJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_FW1[4.5/1233]? FW1 uncertainty (dflux_w1)309.05nJystat.errordoublenullablee_FW2[17/2856]? FW2 uncertainty (dflux_w2)167.66nJystat.errordoublenullableumagS[13.3/20]? Skymapper DR2 u-band magnitude (u_skm)magphot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullablegmagS[12/20.8]? Skymapper DR2 g-band magnitude (g_skm)magphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullablermagS[11.8/20]? Skymapper DR2 r-band magnitude (r_skm)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintvel1[-2000/1999] Radial velocity statistic from rvspecfit 1st percentile of the RV posterior distribution (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublevel99[-1990/2000] Radial velocity statistic from rvspecfit 99th percentile of the RV posterior distribution (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublevel50[-1998/2000] Radial velocity statistic from rvspecfit 50th percentile of the RV posterior distribution (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublevel16[-2000/2000] Radial velocity statistic from rvspecfit 16th percentile of the RV posterior distribution (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublevel84[-1996/2000] Radial velocity statistic from rvspecfit 84th percentile of the RV posterior distribution (1)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublevel_std[0.027/228] Standard deviation of the distributionkm/sstat.stdevfloatvel_skew[-7.3/5.7] Vel skewnesskm/sstat.fit.paramfloatvel_kurt[-1.9/120] Vel kurtosiskm/sstat.fit.paramfloatfeh1[-4.9/1.1] Metallicity statistic from rvspecfit, 1st percentile of the distributionphys.abund.Fefloatfeh99[-4.3/1.9] Metallicity statistic from rvspecfit, 99th percentile of the distributionphys.abund.Fefloatfeh50[-4.4/1.5] Metallicity statistic from rvspecfit, 50th percentile of the distribution (2)phys.abund.Fefloatfeh16[-4.5/1.4] Metallicity statistic from rvspecfit, 16th percentile of the distributionphys.abund.Fefloatfeh84[-4.4/1.9] Metallicity statistic from rvspecfit, 84th percentile of the distributionphys.abund.Fefloatfeh_std[1.9e-5/2.2] Metallicity standard deviationstat.stdevdoublefeh_skew[-9.2/8.7] feh skewnessstat.fit.paramfloatlogg1[-1.5/6.4] Log of surface gravity from rvspecfit, 1st percentilelog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublelogg99[-0.9/7.6] Log of surface gravity from rvspecfit, 99th percentilelog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublelogg50[-1.3/7.3] Log of surface gravity from rvspecfit, 50th percentilelog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublelogg16[-1.4/7] Log of surface gravity from rvspecfit, 16th percentilelog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublelogg84[-1/7.3] Log of surface gravity from rvspecfit, 84th percentilelog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravitydoublelogg_std[0.0001/3.1] logg standard deviationlog(cm.s**-2)stat.stdevdoublelogg_skew[-15.4/12.3] logg skewnesslog(cm.s**-2)stat.fit.paramdoublelogg_kurt[-2/336] logg kurtosislog(cm.s**-2)stat.fit.paramdoubleteff1[1655/9893] Effective temperature from rvspecfit, 1st percentileKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleteff99[2070/18973] Effective temperature from rvspecfit, 99th percentileKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleteff50[1781/12514] Effective temperature from rvspecfit, 50th percentileKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleteff16[1774/11514] Effective temperature from rvspecfit, 16th percentileKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleteff84[1790/14340] Effective temperature from rvspecfit, 84th percentileKphys.temperature.effectivedoubleteff_std[0.07/3238] teff standard deviationKstat.stdevdoubleteff_skew[-7.4/11.2] teff skewnessKstat.fit.paramfloatteff_kurt[-2/161] teff kurtosisKstat.fit.paramfloatvelcalib[-1999/1999] Radial velocity calibrated to have no zeropoint offset (vel_calib) (3)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricdoublevelcalib_std[0.6/294] Calibrated radial velocity uncertainty using repeated observations (vel_calib_std)km/sstat.stdevfloatabsdev_1700d[0.006/0.5] Median absolute deviation from the best fit template model from rvspecfit (4)src.sample;stat.medianfloatRAJ2000Right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000) (ra)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000[-77/13.2] Declination in decimal degrees (J2000) (dec)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedsn_1700d[3/228] Median Signal-to-Noise ratio of the 1700d spectra (7)stat.snrfloatMoonDist[12/179] Moon distance (moon_dist)degpos.angDistancedoubleMoonPhase[0.04/100] Moon phase (0-100% fraction of surface illumination; 0%=new moon - 100%=full moon) (moon_phase)pos.lunar.occultfloatMoonAlt[-78/61] Moon altitude (moon_alt)degpos.lunar.occultdoubleFlag[0] QSO flag based on WISE photometry; always 0 = not a QSO (see Section 4.4) (qso_flag_wise)meta.code.errorintP[-1/9] Initial target selection priorities (priority) (8)meta.codeintPrim[0/1] For some object, multiple observations were taken (primary) (9)meta.codeintProb[0.5/1] Good star probability based on random forest (good_star_pb) (10)stat.fit.goodnessfloatgood_star[1] A flag to select stellar spectra with good fitting quality (always 1=good) (11)meta.code.qual;stat.fitintEBV[0.006/1.4]? E(B-V) from Schlegel+ (1998ApJ...500..525S)magphot.color.excessfloatnullableGaia? Gaia EDR3 identifier (gaia_source_id)meta.id.crossnullableplx[-5.4/9.8]? Gaia EDR3 Parallax (parallax)maspos.parallax.trigfloatnullablee_plx[0.01/1.3]? Parallax uncertainty (parallax_error)masstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablepmRA[-60/131]? Gaia EDR3 Proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablepmDE[-113/41]? Gaia EDR3 Proper motion in declination (pmdec)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublenullablee_pmRA[0.01/1.4]? pmRA uncertainty (pmra_error)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullablee_pmDE[0.009/1.3]? pmDE uncertainty (pmdec_error)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableGmag[11.99/21.61]? Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude (phot_g_mean_mag)magphot.mag;em.optfloatnullableBPmag[12.2/20.8]? Gaia EDR3 BP-band magnitude (phot_bp_mean_mag)magphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableRPmag[10.87/19.9]? Gaia EDR3 RP-band magnitude (phot_rp_mean_mag)magphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableE(BP/RP)[0.86/25.5]? Gaia EDR3 BP-RP excess factor (phot_bp_rp_excess_factor)phot.color.excessfloatnullablegmag[11.6/21.3]? DECam g-band magnitude (decam_g) (12)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublenullablermag[11.7/20.3]? DECam r-band magnitude (decam_r) (12)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublenullableimag[11.3/20.2]? DECam i-band magnitude (decam_i) (12)magphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullablezmag[10.7/20.6]? DECam z-band magnitude (decam_z) (12)magphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublenullabler_DECam[0/1755] The source of the decam photometry (decam_phot_src_bits) (13)meta.ref;pos.frameintFW1[33.5/1.9e+6]? UnWISE W1 (3.4um) band flux density in "Vega nMgy" (flux_w1)309.05nJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoublenullableimagS[11/20.1]? Skymapper DR2 i-band magnitude (i_skm)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullablezmagS[10.7/19.7]? Skymapper DR2 z-band magnitude (z_skm)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableDESDisplay data from DES DR2 within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharDist05[0.1/54]? Starhorse distance at 5th percentile from Queiroz+ 2018MNRAS.476.2556Q (starhorse_dist05)kpcpos.distancedoublenullableDist16[0.1/67]? Starhorse distance at 16th percentile from Queiroz+ 2018MNRAS.476.2556Q (starhorse_dist16)kpcpos.distancedoublenullableDist50[0.1/78]? Starhorse distance at 50th percentile from Queiroz+ 2018MNRAS.476.2556Q (starhorse_dist50)kpcpos.distancedoublenullableDist84[0.1/97]? Starhorse distance at 84th percentile from Queiroz+ 2018MNRAS.476.2556Q (starhorse_dist84)kpcpos.distancedoublenullableDist95[0.1/120]? Starhorse distance at 95th percentile from Queiroz+ 2018MNRAS.476.2556Q (starhorse_dist95)kpcpos.distancedoublenullableunWISEDisplay data from unWISE (II/363) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharSMSSDisplay data from SkyMapper DR1.1 (II/358) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharA19Display data from StarHorse (I/349) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharMJD[58141.4/58579.8] UT Modified Julian Date of the observation (utmjd)time.epochdoubleindexedFileNameFilename of the reduced AAT spectra from each field - files not released in DR1 (fileinfo)meta.id;meta.filecharJ/MNRAS/490/3508/table2S^5^ fields observed with the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT) as of 2019 JuneGmag[14.7/19.3] Average Gaia DR2 G-band magnitude at S/N=5 per pixel (from red arm spectra)magphot.mag;em.optfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFieldS^5^ field name (1)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000Centre of the field right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-76/12.2] Centre of the field declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainDateUT date of the observation (with highest S/N if observed multiple times)meta.code.multip;time.epoch;obsnullableMJD[58141.4/58579.7] Modified Julian Date (start) of the observationdtime.epochdoubleTexp[600/9600] Total exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintNt[96/367] Total number of targetsmeta.idintNs[67/351] Number of stars (N_goodstar_) with good measurements (2)meta.numberintNstarsNumber of good stars for this field (link to S5 DR1)meta.numberintnullableJ/MNRAS/490/3508/tableb1A list of 674 QSOs identified by S^5^ with robust redshift measurementsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaGaia DR2 source IDmeta.id;meta.mainRAJ2000[4.69/358.13] Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-64.76/-18.59] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGmag[15.1/20.3] Gaia DR2 G-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatz[0.04/3.4] Measured redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatDESDisplay data from DES DR2 within 0.5"meta.ref.urlchar