J/MNRAS/489/3625ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/489/3625doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74893625CDSCrundall T.D.Ireland M.J.Krumholz M.R.Federrath C.Zerjal M.,Hansen J.T.2024-08-20T20:13:01Z2023-02-14T13:27:15ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frastrometryproper-motionsstellar-spectral-typesradial-velocitystellar-associationsvisible-astronomyastronomical-modelsGaia DR2 provides an unprecedented sample of stars with full 6D phase-space measurements, creating the need for a self-consistent means of discovering and characterizing the phase-space overdensities known as moving groups or associations. Here we present Chronostar, a new Bayesian analysis tool that meets this need. Chronostar uses the Expectation-Maximization algorithm to remove the circular dependency between association membership lists and fits to their phase-space distributions, making it possible to discover unknown associations within a kinematic data set. It uses forward-modelling of orbits through the Galactic potential to overcome the problem of tracing backward stars whose kinematics have significant observational errors, thereby providing reliable ages. In tests using synthetic data sets with realistic measurement errors and complex initial distributions, Chronostar successfully recovers membership assignments and kinematic ages up to ~100Myr. In tests on real stellar kinematic data in the phase-space vicinity of the {beta} Pictoris Moving Group, Chronostar successfully rediscovers the association without any human intervention, identifies 10 new likely members, corroborates 48 candidate members, and returns a kinematic age of 17.8+/-1.2Myr. In the process we also rediscover the Tucana-Horologium Moving Group, for which we obtain a kinematic age of 36.3^+1.3^_-1.4_Myr.2019MNRAS.489.3625Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/489/3625CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/ApJ/860/43 : BANYAN. XII. New members from Gaia-Tycho data (Gagne+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/489/3625https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/489/3625http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/489/3625https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/489/3625https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/489/3625http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/489/3625GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/489/3625/table7 (Astrometry and memberships to {beta}PMG (Comp A) as well as reference to previous work listing star as member of {beta}PMG)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/489/3625/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/489/3625/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/489/3625/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.709146907396-23.10774387685740.0055555555555555565/10694 6/14 46 64 74 119-120 129 158 184 208 369 371 398-399 408 419 470-471 490 510 570 621 624 643 646 675 710 722 729 765 795 825 861 865 924 940 1059 1128 1132 1216 1220 1248 1286 1329 1373 1420 1529 1544 1783 1803 1890 1911 1964 2275 2322 2370 2455 2457 2472 2491 2512 2587 2623 2773 2905 2910 3139 3357 3566 3888 3922 3925 4081 4834 4937 5088 6305 6384 6752 6802 6819 9897 10983 11126 11547 11697 12014 12385 12388 12592 12849 12920 12924 12960 13096 13101 13182 13526 13614 13620 13759 13769 13802 13846 14378 14398 14403 14451 15345 16134 16397 16455 16606 16964 17113 17209 17288 17316 17348 17605-17607 17747 17778 17887 18105 18153 18170 18184 18367-18368 18400 18402 18471 18532 18546 18620 18634 18636 18745 18810 18861 18920 18974 18991 19026 19035 19056 19100 19299 19419 19462 19507 19591 19712 19777 19888 20051 20163 20166 20261 20275 20315 20328 20488 20561 20602 20639 20650 20699 20727 20778 20817 20853 20863 20903 20925 20947 20959 20985 21031 21036 21050 21057 21105 21116 21118 21125 21137 21145-21146 21167 21199 21294 21343 21376 21383 21386 21394 21396 21401 21405 21418 21437 21473 21512 21544 21659 21667 21683 21753 21888 21899 21911 21969 22031 22037 22045 22050 22066 22136 22146 22172 22175 22217 22237 22288 22291 22313 22413 22446 22453 22571 22638 22670 22744 22746 22768 22773 22842 22856 22869 22908 22946 22950 22964 23058 23110 23129 23211 23213 23222 23265 23272 23296 23392 23444 23447 23461 23463 23495 23596 23741 23745 23747 23774 24040 24064 24082 24123 24203 24394 24464 26468 27201 27462 28672 28684 28695 28698 28713 28719 28778 28784 28815 28828 28830 28832 28839 28849-28850 28883 28894 28903 28927 28935 28966 28979 29008 29036 29044 29050-29051 29063 29081 29116 29164 29169 29173 29187 29189 29193 29199 29206 29219 29233-29234 29238 29243 29248 29265 29270 29288 29292 29374 29410 29443 29454 29456 29465 29501 29527 29541 29557 29664 29698 29730 29738 29743 29814 29831 29934 29958 30093 30223 30383 30601 30611 30634 30799 30982 31191 31306 31900 31908 32210 32231 32319 32815 32836 32838 32868 32875 32891 32894 32901 32921 32937 32943 33077 33129 33143 33219 33273 33312 33354 33382 33400 33411 33439 33449 33464 33500-33501 33508 33520 33564 33583 33594 33659 33677 33679 33707 33737 33802-33803 33821 33831 33850 33894 34041 34054 34058 34082 34127 34136 34164 34208 34259 34270 34306-34307 34327 34338 34350 34375-34377 34401 34436 34441 34565 34601 34605 34630 34733 34757 34798 34819 34825 34830 34836 34858 34886 34896 34930 35142 35146-35147 35299 35391 35497 35531 35640 35684 35861 35902 35906 36146 36152 36163 36199 36220 36308 36332 36379 36487 36687 36726 36771 36809 36813 36820 36852 37006 37026 37028 37089 37121 37419 37513 37744 37936 37999 38054 38061 38065 38072 38124 38152 38164 38228 38483 38515 38535 38691 38700 38836 39019 39044 39140 39172 39584 39600 39687 39856 40007 40101 40183 40189 40201 40377 40631 40739 40867 40975 41198 41222 41236 41285 41295 41311 41315 41329 41344 41380 41382-41383 41445-41446 41454 41459 41502 41538 41563 41565 41574 41624 41658 41708 41741 41758 41785 41794 41798 41819 41840 41942-41943 41947 41950 41952 41993 41996 42036 42059 42087 42092 42095 42097 42099 42111 42121 42155 42171 42176 42201-42202 42236 42238 42245 42252 42255 42257 42275 42287 42323 42329 42339 42348 42351 42360 42366 42374 42377 42385 42391 42401 42406-42407 42415 42417 42424 42436 42444-42445 42448-42450 42454 42462-42463 42466 42471 42479-42480 42492 42494 42496 42507 42509 42511-42512 42519 42521 42524-42525 42544 42549 42555-42556 42559 42563 42571 42585 42589-42590 42594 42608 42610 42612-42613 42616 42644 42654 42676-42677 42705 42708 42756 42769 42771 42780 42786 42805 42820-42822 42824 42867-42868 42875 42918 43340 43342 43369 43704 44142 44352 45118 45120 45136 45280 45286 45290 45351 45366 45382 45475 45538 45563 45598 45605 45622 45643 45709 45738 45746 45785 45803 45807 45814 45852 45860 45874 45882-45883 45898 45914 45917 45975 45999 46041 46243 46252 46275 46402 46472 46524 46532 46692 46732 46922 46978 47027 47101 47117 47120-47121 47133 47149 47174 47205 47216 47243-47244 47249 47251 47256 47271 47276 47279 47281 47287 47289 47310 47353 47358 47393 47413 47453 47463 47547 47560 47610 47618 47621 47626 47635-47636 47642 47652 47721 47738 47747 47754 47758 47760 47769-47771 47779 47798 47811 47816 47822 47831 47834 47851-47852 47863 47891 47893 47936 47941 47943 47973 47993 48000 48038 48048 48060 48070 48112-48113 48248 48257 48269 48274 48303 48318 48364 48383 48442 48508 48545 48553 48604 48648 48651 48672 48681 48693 48697 48701 48746 48807 48809 48818 48824 48849 48870-48872 48905 489551.9867573869263685e-19 3.916500758235022e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/489/3625?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/489/3625/table7Astrometry and memberships to {beta}PMG (Comp A) as well as reference to previous work listing star as member of {beta}PMGSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableEpoch? Epoch of observationsyrtime.epochfloatnullableBPmag? Gaia DR2 BP magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BdoublenullableFBP? Gaia DR2 BP band fluxphot.flux.density;em.opt.BdoublenullableRPmag? Gaia DR2 RP magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RdoublenullableGmag? Gaia DR2 G magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optdoublenullableGMAG? Absolute G magnitudemagphys.magAbsdoublenullableBP-RP? Gaia DR2 BP-RP colourmagphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.Rdoublenullablephcons[YN ] Photometric consistencymeta.codecharr_RVReference for radial velocity (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintrefmbReference for membership (3)meta.bibchare_X? Error on Xpcstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableRApmRAcor? Correlation between right ascension and proper motion in right ascensionstat.correlationnullableRApmDEcor? Correlation between right ascension and proper motion in right declinationstat.correlationnullableDEPlxcor? Correlation between declination and parallaxstat.correlationnullableRplx? Ratio between parallax and its errorstat.fit.omcdoublenullableGLON? Galactic longitude (l)degpos.galactic.lonnullableGLAT? Galactic longitude (b)degpos.galactic.latdoublenullableELON? Ecliptic longitudedegpos.ecliptic.lonnullableELAT? Ecliptic latitudedegpos.ecliptic.latdoublenullablebayanassAssignment of star to groups and associations in the banyan catalogue (5)meta.idcharSpTypeSpectral typesrc.spTypecharY? Y position in Galactic cartesian coordinatespcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.y;pos.galacticfloatnullableZ? Z position in Galactic cartesian coordinatespcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.z;pos.galacticfloatnullableU? U component of space velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableV? V component of space velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullableW? W component of space velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullableMass? Approximate masssolMassphys.massfloatnullableAPF[0/1] Primary or secondary (1)meta.codeintTeff? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectivedoublenullablee_Y? Error on Ypcstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullablee_Z? Error on Zpcstat.error;src.redshiftfloatnullablee_U? Error on Ukm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullablee_V? Error on Vkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullablee_W? Error on Wkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullableXYcor? Correlation between X and Ystat.correlationfloatnullableXZcor? Correlation between X and Zstat.correlationfloatnullableXUcor? Correlation between X and Ustat.correlationfloatnullableXVcor? Correlation between X and Vstat.correlationfloatnullableXWcor? Correlation between X and Wstat.correlationfloatnullableYZcor? Correlation between Y and Zstat.correlationfloatnullableYUcor? Correlation between Y and Ustat.correlationfloatnullableYVcor? Correlation between Y and Vstat.correlationfloatnullableYWcor? Correlation between Y and Wstat.correlationfloatnullableZUcor? Correlation between Z and Ustat.correlationfloatnullableZVcor? Correlation between Z and Vstat.correlationfloatnullableZWcor? Correlation between Z and Wstat.correlationfloatnullableUVcor? Correlation between U and Vstat.correlationfloatnullableUWcor? Correlation between U and Wstat.correlationfloatnullableVWcor? Correlation between V and Wstat.correlationfloatnullableRV? Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablee_RV? Error on RVkm/sstat.errorfloatnullablecompA? Membership probability of the star to component A (4)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablecompB? Membership probability of the star to component B (4)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablecompC? Membership probability of the star to component C (4)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablecompD? Membership probability of the star to component D (4)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablecompE? Membership probability of the star to component E (4)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablecompF? Membership probability of the star to component F (4)stat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablecompbkg? Membership probability to the background field distributionstat.fit.goodnessdoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.idchar2MASS2MASS identifier (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)meta.idcharGaiaDR2? Gaia DR2 identifiermeta.id;meta.mainnullableAllWISEAllWISE identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharONameOther namemeta.idcharcomp[True/False/ ] Companion flagmeta.code.errorcharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RAJ2000? Error on RAdegmasstat.error;pos.eq.radoublenullableDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEJ2000? Error on DEdegmasstat.error;pos.eq.decdoublenullableplx? Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigdoublenullablee_plx? Error on plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatnullablepmRA? Proper motion in right ascensionmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublenullablee_pmRA? Error on pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatnullableDEpmRAcor? Correlation between declination and proper motion in right ascensionstat.correlationnullableDEpmDEcor? Correlation between declination and proper motion in declinationstat.correlationnullablePlxpmRAcor? Correlation between parallax and proper motion in right ascensionstat.correlationfloatnullablePlxpmDEcor? Correlation between parallax and proper motion in declinationstat.correlationfloatnullablepmRApmDEcor? Correlation between proper motion in right ascension and proper motion in declinationstat.correlationfloatnullablepmDE? Proper motion in declinationmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublenullablee_pmDE? Error on pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatnullableRADEcor? Correlation between right ascension and declinationstat.correlationnullableRAPlxcor? Correlation between right ascension and parallaxstat.correlationnullableX? X position in Galactic cartesian coordinatespcpos.distance;pos.cartesian.x;pos.galacticfloatnullable