J/MNRAS/485/4311ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/485/4311doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74854311CDSJohnson C.I.Caldwell N.Rich R.M.Mateo M.Bailey J.I.2024-08-19T20:17:40Z2022-11-25T13:13:06ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clustersgiant-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopychemical-abundancesapparent-magnitudeeffective-temperatureradial-velocityNGC 6402 is among the most massive globular clusters in the Galaxy, but little is known about its detailed chemical composition. Therefore, we obtained radial velocities and/or chemical abundances of 11 elements for 41 red giant branch stars using high resolution spectra obtained with the Magellan-M2FS instrument. We find NGC 6402 to be only moderately metal-poor with <[Fe/H]>=-1.13dex ({sigma}=0.05 dex) and to have a mean heliocentric radial velocity of -61.1km/s ({sigma}=8.5km/s). In general, NGC 6402 exhibits mean composition properties that are similar to other inner Galaxy clusters, such as [{alpha}/Fe]~+0.3dex, [Cr,Ni/Fe]~0.0dex, and <[La/Eu]>=-0.08dex. Similarly, we find large star-to-star abundance variations for O, Na, Mg, Al, and Si that are indicative of gas that experienced high temperature proton-capture burning. Interestingly, we not only detect three distinct populations but also find large gaps in the [O/Fe], [Na/Fe], and [Al/Fe] distributions that may provide the first direct evidence of delayed formation for intermediate composition stars. A qualitative enrichment model is discussed where clusters form stars through an early (~<5-10Myr) phase, which results in first generation and 'extreme' composition stars, and a delayed phase (>~40Myr), which results in the dilution of processed and pristine gas and the formation of intermediate composition stars. For NGC 6402, the missing intermediate composition stars suggest the delayed phase terminated prematurely, and as a result the cluster may uniquely preserve details of the chemical enrichment process.2019MNRAS.485.4311Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/485/4311CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/485/4311https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/485/4311http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/485/4311https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/485/4311https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/485/4311http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/485/4311GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/485/4311/table1 (Star identifiers, sky coordinates, photometry, radial velocities, and model atmosphere parameters for all stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/485/4311/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/485/4311/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/485/4311/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true264.35735306-3.235491110.0055555555555555566/310438.650015785639275e-20 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/485/4311?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/MNRAS/485/4311/table1Star identifiers, sky coordinates, photometry, radial velocities, and model atmosphere parameters for all starsNameStar name (2MHHMMSSSS+DDMMSSS)meta.id;meta.mainchar2MASSDisplay 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_NameFlag on Name (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJmagJ-band magnitude from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatHmagH-band magnitude from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatKsmagKs-band magnitude from 2MASSmagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatRVHeliocentric radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RVError on RVkm/sstat.errorfloatTeff? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablelogg? Surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatnullable[Fe/H]? Iron to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;arith.ratiofloatnullablevt? Microturbulence velocitykm/sphys.veloc.microTurbfloatnullableJ/MNRAS/485/4311/table23Abundance ratios and population designations for all member starsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar name (2MHHMMSSSS+DDMMSSS)meta.id;meta.maincharPopPopulation designation (G1)meta.code.classchar[FeI/H]? FeI to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fefloatnullablee_[FeI/H]? Error on [FeI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[FeII/H]? FeII to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fefloatnullablee_[FeII/H]? Error on [FeII/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[OI/Fe]? OI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[OI/Fe]? Error on [OI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[NaI/Fe]? NaI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[NaI/Fe]? Error on [NaI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[MgI/Fe]? MgI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[MgI/Fe]? Error on [MgI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[AlI/Fe]? AlI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[AlI/Fe]? Error on [AlI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[SiI/Fe]? SiI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[SiI/Fe]? Error on [SiI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[CaI/Fe]? CaI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[CaI/Fe]? Error on [CaI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[CrI/Fe]? CrI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[CrI/Fe]? Error on [CrI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[NiI/Fe]? NiI to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[NiI/Fe]? Error on [NiI/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[LaII/Fe]? LaII to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[LaII/Fe]? Error on [LaII/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[EuII/Fe]? EuII to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_[EuII/Fe]? Error on [EuII/Fe]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableJ/MNRAS/485/4311/table4aMean abundance ratios for the P1, P2, and E populationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPopPopulation designation (G1)meta.code.classchar[Fe/H]Mean Fe to hydrogen abundance ratiophys.abund.Fe;stat.meanfloat[O/Fe]Mean O to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Na/Fe]Mean Na to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Mg/Fe]Mean Mg to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Al/Fe]Mean Al to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Si/Fe]Mean Si to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Ca/Fe]Mean Ca to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Cr/Fe]Mean Cr to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Ni/Fe]Mean Ni to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[La/Fe]Mean La to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat[Eu/Fe]Mean Eu to iron abundance ratiophys.abundfloat