J/MNRAS/480/1229ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/480/1229doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74801229CDSNetzel H.Smolec R.Soszynski I.Udalski A.2024-08-18T20:20:59Z2022-05-23T14:58:26ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frhorizontal-branch-starsvariable-starsWe present the analysis of the Blazhko effect - quasi-periodic modulation of pulsation amplitude and/or phase - in the Galactic bulge first overtone RR Lyrae stars (RRc). We used the data gathered during the fourth phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE). Out of 10826 analysed RRc stars, Blazhko effect was detected in 607 stars which constitute 5.6 per cent of the sample. It is the largest and most homogeneous sample of modulated RRc stars analysed so far. Modulation periods cover a wide range, from slightly above 2d to nearly 3000d. Multiperiodic modulation was detected in 47 stars. The appearance of modulation in the frequency domain was studied in detail. Modulation manifests either as close doublets or as equidistant triplets and multiplets centred on radial mode frequency and its harmonics. In a significant fraction (29 per cent) of stars, we have detected the modulation frequency itself, which corresponds to the modulation of the mean stellar brightness. Our search for period doubling effect, that was discovered recently in modulated fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars, and triggered development of new model behind the Blazhko modulation, yielded negative result. In 104 stars, we detected additional signals that could correspond to both radial and non-radial modes. Statistical properties of modulated stars were analysed in detail and confronted with properties of non-modulated stars and of modulated fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars. Our analysis provides constraints for the models to explain the Blazhko phenomenon, which still remains a puzzle more than hundred years after its discovery.2018MNRAS.480.1229Nhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/480/1229CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/480/1229https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/480/1229http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/480/1229https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/480/1229https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/480/1229http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/480/1229GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablea1 (Properties of Blazhko stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true257.2944244-31.793090.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/480/1229/tableb1 (Properties of Blazhko candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true258.4442958-28.98098890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablec1 (Stars with additional frequencies in power spectrum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/480/1229/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true261.8771933-39.50273690.0055555555555555564/1795 5/7177-7179 7192 7194-7195 7198-7199 7205 7209 7211 7214 7216-7217 7220-7221 7226-7227 7312-7313 7316 6/28687 28696 28698-28699 28701-28703 28705 28707 28746 28750-28751 28756 28773-28775 28784 28787 28800 28802 28804 28816-28817 28819 28828-28829 28841 28848 28850-28851 28853-28855 28860-28862 28872-28873 28876-28877 28888 28891 28895 28902 28922-28923 28926 28969 28973 29056 29058-29059 29062 29064 29184-29185 29187 29201 29203 29256 29260-29261 29270 29272 42349-42351 42357 42359 42366-42367 42491 42495 42837 47869-47871 48014-48015 48040-48041 48043https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/480/1229?format=asciidefaultJ/MNRAS/480/1229/tablea1Properties of Blazhko starsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeStar Blazhko Type (BLm or BL1)src.classcharIDStar Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) ID (OGLE-BLG-RRLYR-NNNNN)meta.id;meta.maincharP1OPeriod of the first overtonedtime.perioddoublee_P1OError on the last digits of P10dstat.errordoublePBLBlazhko perioddtime.perioddoublee_PBLError on the last digits of PBLdstat.errordoubleA1O? Amplitude of the first overtonemagphot.magfloatnullablee_A1O? Error on the amplitude of the first overtonemagstat.errorfloatnullableA+? Amplitude of the sidepeak on the higher frequency side of the first overtonemagsrc.var.amplitude;stat.maxfloatnullablee_A+? Error on the last digits of A+magstat.errorfloatnullableA-? Amplitude of the sidepeak on the lower frequency side of the first overtonemagsrc.var.amplitude;stat.minfloatnullablee_A-? Error on the last digits of A-magstat.errorfloatnullableQparam? Asymmetry parameter (1)src.morph.paramfloatnullableRem? Remarks (2)meta.notechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/480/1229/tableb1Properties of Blazhko candidatesSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTypeStar Blazhko Type (BLm or BL1)src.classcharIDStar Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) ID (OGLE-BLG-RRLYR-NNNNN)meta.id;meta.maincharP1OPeriod of the first overtonedtime.perioddoublee_P1OError on the last digits of P10dstat.errordoublePBLBlazhko perioddtime.periodfloate_PBLError on the last digits of PBLdstat.errorfloatA1OAmplitude of the first overtonemagphot.magfloate_A1OError on the amplitude of the first overtonemagstat.errorfloatA+? Amplitude of the sidepeak on the higher frequency side of the first overtonemagsrc.var.amplitude;stat.maxfloatnullablee_A+? Error on the last digits of A+magstat.errorfloatnullableA-Amplitude of the sidepeak on the lower frequency side of the first overtonemagsrc.var.amplitude;stat.minfloate_A-Error on the last digits of A-magstat.errorfloatQparam? Asymmetry parameter (1)src.morph.paramfloatnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/480/1229/tablec1Stars with additional frequencies in power spectrumSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDStar Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) ID (OGLE-BLG-RRLYR-NNNNN)meta.id;meta.maincharP1OPeriod of the first overtonedtime.perioddoublePXPeriod of the additional variabilitydtime.perioddoublePs/PlRatio of the two probabilities (shorter to longer)stat.fit.goodnessdoubleA1OAmplitude of the first overtonemagphot.magdoubleAX/A1OAmplitude ratiosrc.var.amplitude;arith.ratiofloatexplPossible explanation of the signal (1)meta.notechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main