J/MNRAS/448/3167ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/448/3167doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74483167CDSWeigel A.K.Schawinski K.Treister E.Urry C.M.Koss M.,Trakhtenbrot B.2024-08-14T20:20:27Z2016-03-09T11:10:31ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fractive-galactic-nucleiredshiftedvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryinfrared-photometryx-ray-sourcesWe investigate early black hole (BH) growth through the methodical search for z>~5 active galactic nuclei (AGN) in the Chandra} Deep Field South. We base our search on the Chandra 4-Ms data with flux limits of 9.1x10^-18^erg/s/cm2 (soft, 0.5-2keV) and 5.5x10^-17^erg/s/cm2 (hard, 2-8keV). At z~5, this corresponds to luminosities as low as ~10^42^erg/s/cm2 (~10^43^erg/s) in the soft (hard) band and should allow us to detect Compton-thin AGN with M_BH_>10^7^M_{sun}_ and Eddington ratios >0.1. Our field (0.03deg^2^) contains over 600 z~5 Lyman Break Galaxies. Based on lower redshift relations, we would expect ~20 of them to host AGN. After combining the Chandra data with Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS)/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), CANDELS/Wide Field Camera 3 and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera data, the sample consists of 58 high-redshift candidates. We run a photometric redshift code, stack the GOODS/ACS data, apply colour criteria and the Lyman Break Technique and use the X-ray Hardness Ratio. We combine our tests and using additional data find that all sources are most likely at low redshift. We also find five X-ray sources without a counterpart in the optical or infrared which might be spurious detections. We conclude that our field does not contain any convincing z>~5 AGN. Explanations for this result include a low BH occupation fraction, a low AGN fraction, short, super-Eddington growth modes, BH growth through BH-BH mergers or in optically faint galaxies. By searching for z>~5 AGN, we are setting the foundation for constraining early BH growth and seed formation scenarios.2015MNRAS.448.3167Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/448/3167CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJS/195/10 : The CDF-S survey: 4Ms source catalogs (Xue+, 2011)J/ApJ/727/1 : IRAC/MUSYC SIMPLE survey (Damen+, 2011)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/448/3167https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/448/3167http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/448/3167https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/448/3167https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/448/3167http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/448/3167GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/448/3167/table4 (Overview over the redshift estimates that we gained for each object in the course of this analysis)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/448/3167/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/448/3167/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/448/3167/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true53.0268-27.76530.0055555555555555566/359354.414320678087048e-20 1.7798557115773645e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/448/3167?format=asciiX-rayOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/MNRAS/448/3167/table4Overview over the redshift estimates that we gained for each object in the course of this analysisHRHardness ratiophot.flux;arith.ratiofloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_ID[*] Note on ID (G1)meta.notecharIDIdentification numbermeta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000Chandra right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Chandra declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRAHdegChandra right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDEHdegChandra declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decVisVisual redshift estimate (1)src.redshift.photcharStackStacking redshift estimate (1)src.redshift.photcharColColour criteria redshift estimate (1)meta.codeintl_HR[lu] Limit flag on HR (l for lower limit, u for upper limit)meta.code.errorchare_HR? rms uncertainty on HRstat.errorfloatnullablezphPhotometric redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatE_zphError on zph (upper value)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_zphError on zph (lower value)stat.errorfloatchi2{chi}^2^ valuestat.valuefloatJ/MNRAS/448/3167/xdataHR values, X-ray counts, errors on the X-ray counts and signal-to-noise ratio values for the main sample (table A4)l_Hct[u] u for upper limitmeta.code.errorcharHSNR? Hard S/Nstat.snrfloatnullablel_Sct[u] u for upper limitmeta.code.errorcharSctSoft counts (2)ctphot.count;em.X-rayfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentification numbermeta.id;meta.mainintl_HR[lu] Limit flag on HD (l for lower limit, u for upper limit)meta.code.errorcharHRHardness ratio (1)phot.flux;arith.ratiofloate_HR? rms uncertainty on HRstat.errorfloatnullableHctHard counts (2)ctphot.count;em.X-rayfloate_Hct? rms uncertainty on Hctctstat.errorfloatnullablee_Sct? rms uncertainty on Sctctstat.errorfloatnullableSSNR? Soft S/Nstat.snrfloatnullablel_Fct[u] u for upper limitmeta.code.errorcharFctFull counts (2)ctphot.count;em.X-rayfloate_Fct? rms uncertainty on Fctctstat.errorfloatnullableFSNR? Full S/Nstat.snrfloatnullableJ/MNRAS/448/3167/fdensFlux densities for our 58 sample sources (Tables A5 and A6)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_ID[*] Note on ID (G1)meta.notecharIDIdentification numbermeta.id;meta.mainintF(B)? Flux in B band (1)uJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Bdoublenullablee_F(B)? rms uncertainty on F(B)uJystat.errordoublenullablelimF(B)? Sensitivity limit in B when no detectionuJyinstr.sensitivitydoublenullableF(V)? Flux in V band (1)uJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Vdoublenullablee_F(V)? rms uncertainty on F(V)uJystat.errordoublenullablelimF(v)? Sensitivity limit in V when no detectionuJyinstr.sensitivitydoublenullableF(i)? Flux in i band (1)uJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_F(i)? rms uncertainty on F(i)uJystat.errordoublenullablelimF(i)? Sensitivity limit in i when no detectionuJyinstr.sensitivitydoublenullableF(z)? Flux in z band (1)uJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_F(z)? rms uncertainty on F(z)uJystat.errordoublenullablelimF(z)? Sensitivity limit in z when no detectionuJyinstr.sensitivitydoublenullableF(Y)? Flux in Y band (2)uJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Idoublenullablee_F(Y)? rms uncertainty on F(Y)uJystat.errordoublenullablelimF(Y)? Sensitivity limit in Y when no detectionuJyinstr.sensitivitydoublenullableF(J)? Flux in J band (2)uJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Jdoublenullablee_F(J)? rms uncertainty on F(J)uJystat.errordoublenullablelimF(J)? Sensitivity limit in J when no detectionuJyinstr.sensitivitydoublenullableF(H)Flux in H band (2)uJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Hdoublee_F(H)rms uncertainty on F(H)uJystat.errordoubleF(3.6um)? Flux in 3.6um band (2)uJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoublenullablee_F(3.6um)? rms uncertainty on F(3.6um)uJystat.errordoublenullableF(4.5um)? Flux in 4.5um band (2)uJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_F(4.5um)? rms uncertainty on F(4.5um)uJystat.errordoublenullableJ/MNRAS/448/3167/photFlux densities for our 58 sample sources (Tables A7 and A8)e_[4.5]? rms uncertainty on [4.5]magstat.errorfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_ID[*] Note on ID (G1)meta.notecharIDIdentification numbermeta.id;meta.mainintBmag? B magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag? rms uncertainty on Bmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullablelimBmag? Sensitivity limit in B when no detectionmagphot.magfloatnullableVmag? V magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag? rms uncertainty on Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullablelimVmag? Sensitivity limit in V when no detectionmagphot.magfloatnullableimag? i magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_imag? rms uncertainty on imagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablelimimag? Sensitivity limit in i when no detectionmagphot.magfloatnullablezmag? z magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zmag? rms uncertainty on zmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablelimzmag? Sensitivity limit in z when no detectionmagphot.magfloatnullableYmag? Y magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Ymag? rms uncertainty on Ymagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullablelimYmag? Sensitivity limit in Y when no detectionmagphot.magfloatnullableJmag? J magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag? rms uncertainty on Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullablelimJmag? Sensitivity limit in J when no detectionmagphot.magfloatnullableHmag? H magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag? rms uncertainty on Hmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullable[3.6]? 3.6um magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6]? rms uncertainty on [3.6]magstat.errorfloatnullable[4.5]? 4.5um magnitude (AB) (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable