J/MNRAS/436/997ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/436/997doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.74360997CDSRamos Almeida C.Bessiere P.S.Tadhunter C.N.Inskip K.J.Morganti R.,Dicken D.Gonzalez-Serrano J.I.Holt J.2024-08-07T20:12:13Z2016-06-24T13:06:44ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsactive-galactic-nucleiWe present the results of a comparison between the environments of (1) a complete sample of 46 southern 2-Jy radio galaxies at intermediate redshifts (0.05<z<0.7), (2) a complete sample of 20 radio-quiet type-2 quasars (0.3<=z<=0.41), and (3) a control sample of 107 quiescent early-type galaxies at 0.2<=z<0.7 in the Extended Groth Strip. The environments have been quantified using angular clustering amplitudes (Bgq) derived from deep optical imaging data. Based on these comparisons, we discuss the role of the environment in the triggering of powerful radio-loud and radio-quiet quasars. When we compare the Bgq distributions of the type-2 quasars and quiescent early-type galaxies, we find no significant difference between them. This is consistent with the radio-quiet quasar phase being a short-lived but ubiquitous stage in the formation of all massive early-type galaxies. On the other hand, powerful radio galaxies are in denser environments than the quiescent population, and this difference between distributions of Bgq is significant at the 3{sigma} level. This result supports a physical origin of radio loudness, with high-density gas environments favouring the transformation of active galactic nucleus (AGN) power into radio luminosity, or alternatively, affecting the properties of the supermassive black holes themselves. Finally, focusing on the radio-loud sources only, we find that the clustering of weak-line radio galaxies (WLRGs) is higher than the strong-line radio galaxies (SLRGs), constituting a 3{sigma} result. 82 percent of the 2-Jy WLRGs are in clusters, according to our definition (Bgq>~400), versus only 31 percent of the SLRGs.2013MNRAS.436..997Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/436/997CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/419/687 : Morphology of luminous radio-loud AGN (Ramos Almeida+, 2012)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/436/997https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/436/997http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/436/997https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/436/997https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/436/997http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/MNRAS/436/997GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/MNRAS/436/997/table4 (Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the 2-Jy PRGs sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true95.4304308-52.69258220.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/436/997/table5 (Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the the type-2 quasars studied in Bessiere et al. (2012MNRAS.426..276B))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true6.3808333-10.67250.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec1 (Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the 107 early-type galaxies in the EGS sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true215.37333352.9763890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec2 (Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the 51 early-type galaxies in the EGS* sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/MNRAS/436/997/tablec2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true214.37291752.74250.0055555555555555566/553 11424-11425 11428 16509 16764 17229 17443 17725 17750 17770 17773 17979 18007 18009 18065 18390 18683 18773 18895 19543 21588 21855 23167 23193 23196 23216 23281 24615 25472 25743 27242 27304 27313 27382 29715 30140 31346 31352 31509 32892 33010 34669 35383 35434 36100 36431 36595 36792 39079 39087 39658 40141 40777 41057 42060 43417 45763 45823 46101 46512 47107 47325 47636 48501 48529 48614https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/MNRAS/436/997?format=asciidefaultJ/MNRAS/436/997/table4Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the 2-Jy PRGs samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPKSPKS name (HHMM+DD)meta.id;meta.maincharzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatOptOptical classification of the galaxies from Dicken et al. (2008ApJ...678..712D)src.classcharRadRadio morphology of the galaxies from Dicken et al. (2008ApJ...678..712D)src.classcharNtTotal number of galaxies within a r_170kpc_ radius, excluding the targetmeta.numberintNbNumber of background galaxies within the same radiusmeta.numberfloatBgq? Angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintnullableNbavAverage number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatsigmaStandard deviation of the number of background galaxies calculated using all the dedicated offset fields in a given filter (Nbav and Nbmed)stat.stdevfloatBgqavAverage angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessinte_Bgqavrms uncertainty on Bgqavstat.errorintNbmedMedian number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatBgqmed? Median angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintnullableMorphMorphology (G1)src.morphcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/436/997/table5Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the the type-2 quasars studied in Bessiere et al. (2012MNRAS.426..276B)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameName (JHHMM+DD)meta.id;meta.maincharzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatNtTotal number of galaxies within a r_170kpc_ radius, excluding the targetmeta.numberintNb? Number of background galaxies within the same radiusmeta.numberfloatnullableBgq? Angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintnullableNbavAverage number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatsigmaStandard deviation of the number of background galaxies calculated using all the dedicated offset fields in a given filter (Nbav and Nbmed)stat.stdevfloatBgqavAverage angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessinte_Bgqavrms uncertainty on Bgqavstat.errorintNbmedMedian number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatBgqmedMedian angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintMorphMorphology (G1)src.morphchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/MNRAS/436/997/tablec1Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the 107 early-type galaxies in the EGS samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIRACIRAC IDmeta.id;meta.maincharzphPhotometric redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatNtTotal number of galaxies within a r_170kpc_ radius, excluding the targetmeta.numberintNbNumber of background galaxies within the same radiusmeta.numberfloatBgqAngular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintNbavAverage number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatsigmaStandard deviation of the number of background galaxies calculated using all the dedicated offset fields in a given filter (Nbav and Nbmed)stat.stdevfloatBgqavAverage angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessinte_Bgqavrms uncertainty on Bgqavstat.errorintNbmedMedian number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatBgqmedMedian angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintMorphMorphology (G1)src.morphcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from Ramos Almeida et al., 2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/419/687 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPosition from Ramos Almeida et al., 2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/419/687 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/MNRAS/436/997/tablec2Individual spatial clustering amplitudes of the 51 early-type galaxies in the EGS* samplezphPhotometric redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIRACIRAC IDmeta.id;meta.maincharNtTotal number of galaxies within a r_170kpc_ radius, excluding the targetmeta.numberintNbNumber of background galaxies within the same radiusmeta.numberfloatBgqAngular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintNbavAverage number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatsigmaStandard deviation of the number of background galaxies calculated using all the dedicated offset fields in a given filter (Nbav and Nbmed)stat.stdevfloatBgqavAverage angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessinte_Bgqavrms uncertainty on Bgqavstat.errorintNbmedMedian number of background galaxiesmeta.numberfloatBgqmedMedian angular clustering amplitudesrc.class.richnessintMorphMorphology (G1)src.morphcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from Ramos Almeida et al., 2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/419/687 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEPosition from Ramos Almeida et al., 2012, Cat. J/MNRAS/419/687 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullable