J/ApJS/271/64ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/271/64doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22710064CDSWu J.-Z.Dong X.-B.Qian L.Liu W.-J.Xie F.-G.Peng Bo2024-11-06T20:31:27Z2024-08-01T09:46:05ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fractive-galactic-nucleiradio-continuum-emissionredshiftedvisible-astronomyblack-holesOccupying the intermediate-mass regime of the accretion-jet parameter space, radio continuum emission from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with black hole mass M_BH_<~10^6^M_{sun}_ (low-mass AGNs) is a valuable probe to the physics of relativistic jets. Yet the number of low-mass AGNs with radio detection is rather limited so far (~40 in total). In this work, we make two efforts to search for radio counterparts for the largest sample of optically selected low-mass AGNs. First, we collect counterparts from the recent data releases of Square Kilometre Array (SKA) pathfinders such as LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey (LoTSS). Additionally, we deeply mine in Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters (FIRST), fitting the FIRST images of the optical AGNs with an elaborate procedure optimized to detect faint radio sources. We have obtained 151 radio sources (mainly from the SKA pathfinders), including 102 new reliable sources (signal-to-noise ratio, hereafter S/N, >=5) and 23 new candidates (3.5<=S/N<5). The majority of these new sources (119 of 125) have flux densities lower than the threshold of the official FIRST catalog. The new sources have rest-frame 20cm power (P_20cm_) from 1.98x10^20^ to 1.29x10^23^W/Hz. For low-z Seyfert galaxies, P20 cm correlates with MBH intrinsically and positively, yet only marginally with Eddington ratio L/LEdd. In terms of the log N-log S relation for the expanding Universe, the limiting flux density for the completeness of our LoTSS sources turns out to be 0.45mJy at 1.4GHz; i.e., complete to such a flux-density level that is 4 times deeper than the official FIRST catalog.2024ApJS..271...64Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/271/64CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/294 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 7 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2009)VIII/92 : The FIRST Survey Catalog, Version 2014Dec17 (Helfand+ 2015)J/ApJS/133/77 : VLA radio continuum survey of Seyfert galaxies (Ho+, 2001)J/MNRAS/362/9 : Radio-loud AGN in SDSS (Best+, 2005)J/A+A/435/521 : Radio Sources in Low-Luminosity AGNs. IV (Nagar+, 2005)J/ApJ/670/92 : New sample of low-mass black holes in AGN (Greene+, 2007)J/MNRAS/375/931 : Radio sources in the 6dFGS (Mauch+, 2007)J/AJ/142/3 : 1.4GHz observations of Stripe 82 (Hodge+, 2011)J/ApJ/755/167 : Low-mass black holes in SDSS Sy1 galaxies (Dong+, 2012)J/MNRAS/462/1910 : H-ATLAS NGP LOFAR radio catalogue (Hardcastle+, 2016)J/MNRAS/460/2385 : Bootes field LOFAR 150-MHz observations (Williams+, 2016)J/A+A/598/A104 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (Shimwell+, 2017)J/ApJS/235/40 : Low-mass black holes in Sy1 gal. II. SDSS-DR7 (Liu+, 2018)J/ApJS/243/21 : Broad-line AGN from SDSS-DR7 (Liu+, 2019)J/A+A/622/A1 : LOFAR 2m Sky Survey DR1 source catalog (Shimwell+, 2019)J/ApJS/255/30 : VLASS QL Ep.1 Catalog, CIRADA version (Gordon+, 2021)J/A+A/648/A2 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields DR1 (Sabater+, 2021)J/A+A/648/A3 : LOFAR 2m Sky Survey Deep Fields DR1 (Kondapally+, 2021)J/A+A/659/A1 : LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) DR2 (Shimwell+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/271/64https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/271/64http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/271/64https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/271/64https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/271/64http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/271/64GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/table2 (Radio low-mass AGNs from the surveys of SKA Pathfinders)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true112.7784439.445680.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/table3 (Expanded radio low-mass AGNs deeply mined from FIRST images)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true49.429720.326870.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/table4 (Physical properties of the radio low-mass AGNs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true112.77862539.445750.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/tablea1 (Other radio data for some sources in our sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablea1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablea1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablea1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true138.70441678.88919440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/tablea2 (Other radio sources in the literature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablea2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablea2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablea2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true126.180354429.98986470.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/tableb1 (Low-mass AGNs deeply mined from the FIRST images with 3<=S/N<3.5)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true46.073840.47450.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/271/64/tablec1 (Low-mass AGNs in the parent with 5{sigma} upper limits from LoTSS-DR2)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablec1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablec1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/271/64/tablec1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true116.10233.34297220.0055555555555555566/2282 4162 4184 4196 4332 4465 4684 4847 4893 4913 4925 4932 4941 4948 4972 4976 4987 5002 5033 5093 5099-5100 5103 5138 5210 5268 5274 5292 5308 5311 5328 5370 5379 5400 5412 5437 5455 5479 5481 5491 5499-5500 5505 5509 5512 5524 5541 5563 5566 5569 5582 5604 5610 5628 5637 5662 5690 5698 5715 5730 5770 5848 5910 5931 5939 5959 5964 5977 5982 5985 5988 5993 6015 6058 6065 6098 6115 6139 6142 6217 6259 6266 6352 6389 6396 6406 6408 6431 6436 6444 6484 6555 6562 6579 6599-6600 6617 6652 7169 7173 7177 7193 7208 7227 7253 7258 7273 7293 7298-7299 7306 7317 7320 7328 7336 7343 7361 7414 7432 7436 7453 7466 7485 7488 7494 7557 7562 8262 8430 8486 8896 8942 9020 9037 9053 9086 9110 9145 9147 9150 9161 9170 9194 9242 9321 9323 9366 9405 9444 9452 9479 9511 9730 9750 9795 9808 9824 9868-9869 9923 9957 9994 9999 10021 10114 10214 10255 10262 10269 10276 10364 10385 10388-10390 10396 10421 10425 10485 10513 10515 10619 10658 10691 10706 10730 10738 10774 10785 10791 10795 10816 10830 10835 10839 10869 10878 10894 10907 10934 10995 11002 11054 11056 11063 11065 11072 11097 11104 11149 11171 11191 11209 11231 11241 11253-11254 11270 11319 11365 11376 11405 11419 11438 11445-11446 11466 11500 11597 11617 11809 11831 11838 11843 11875 11909 11930 11939 18765 18845 19114 23207 23211 25843 25974 25989 26260 26402 26405 26444 26525 26549 27005 27419 27514 27524 27562 27705 27722 27733 27745 27900 28033 28090 28350 28410 28415 28529 28535 28584 28619 28641 28658 31712https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/271/64?format=asciiOpticalRadiodefaultJ/ApJS/271/64/table2Radio low-mass AGNs from the surveys of SKA PathfindersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSIDIdentification number assigned in this work, SKA-pathfinders sources (S1 to S117)meta.id;meta.maincharm_SIDNumber of measurements for this sourcemeta.numberintnullableSDSSSDSS DR7 Position-based name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharSDRSKA pathfinders data release (1)meta.id;meta.datasetcharFmin[115/2000] Frequency range of the surveys, minimumMHzem.freq;stat.minintFmax[168/4000] Frequency range of the surveys, maximumMHzem.freq;stat.maxintCat[1/2] Parent Catalog (G1)meta.bibintRAJ2000[112.7/257.6] Radio source right ascension, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RAJ2000[0.03/3.1] Uncertainty in RAdegarcsecstat.error;pos.eq.rafloatDEJ2000[-3.2/66] Radio source declination, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEJ2000[0.02/2.8] Uncertainty in DEdegarcsecstat.error;pos.eq.decfloatSpeak[0.2/11.3] Peak flux densitymJy.beam**-1phot.flux.density;em.radiofloate_Speak[0.027/0.8] Uncertainty in SpeakmJy.beam**-1stat.errorfloatSint[0.3/45.6] Integrated flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloate_Sint[0.068/2.1] Uncertainty in SintmJystat.errorfloatPA[3.5/179] Undeconvolved position angle, East of Northdegpos.posAngfloate_PA[1.1/179.5] Uncertainty in PAdegstat.errorfloatMaj[2.49/62.47] Major axis, FWHMarcsecphys.angSizefloate_Maj[0.06/8.19] Uncertainty in Majarcsecstat.errorfloatMin[2.15/41.8] Minor axis, FWHMarcsecphys.angSize;srcfloate_Min[0.06/5.28] Uncertainty in Minarcsecstat.error;stat.minfloatFIDDetection in the deep FIRST subsamplemeta.id.crosscharNoteNote(s) (2)meta.notecharVLASSDisplay data from VLASS QL Ep.1 cat. (Gordon+ 2021, J/ApJS/255/30) within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableDR2Display data from LoTSS DR2 (Shimwell+ 2022, J/A+A/659/A1) within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableDR1Display data from LoTSS DR1 (Shimwell+ 2019, J/A+A/622/A1) within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableDR7+DR16Display data from SDSS-DR7 (II/294) and -DR16 (V/154) within 3.6"meta.ref.urlcharFIRSTDisplay data from FIRST (VIII/92) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJS/271/64/table3Expanded radio low-mass AGNs deeply mined from FIRST imagese_PA[0/153] Uncertainty in PAdegstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintm_FID? Component number of FIDmeta.code.multipintnullableCat[1/2] Parent Catalog (G1)meta.bibintRAJ2000[49.4/355.5] Radio source right ascension, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.maine_RAJ2000[0.02/3] Uncertainty in RAdegarcsecstat.error;pos.eq.rafloatDEJ2000[-3.2/64.3] Radio source declination, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.maine_DEJ2000[0.02/2.3] Uncertainty in DEdegarcsecstat.error;pos.eq.decfloatSpeak[0.58/11.3] Peak flux densitymJy.beam**-1phot.flux.density;em.radiofloate_Speak[0.1/0.3] Uncertainty in Speak (local image rms)mJy.beam**-1stat.errorfloatSint[0.28/16.8] Integrated flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloate_Sint[0.13/1.1] Uncertainty in SintmJystat.errorfloatSitot[0.3/16.8] Total integrated Flux density (1)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatPA[0/175] Undeconvolved position angle, East of Northdegpos.posAngfloatMaj[4/11.4] Major axis, FWHMarcsecphys.angSizefloate_Maj[0.05/7.3] Uncertainty in Majarcsecstat.errorfloatMin[2.79/7.8] Minor axis, FWHMarcsecphys.angSize;srcfloate_Min[0.04/3] Uncertainty in Minarcsecstat.error;stat.minfloatSIDIdentification number in the SKAPs subsamplemeta.id.crosscharNoteFCat=source listed in the official FIRST catalogmeta.notecharOtherDisplay other radio measurements for this source (link to Table A1)meta.ref.urlintnullableDR7+DR16Display data from SDSS-DR7 (II/294) and -DR16 (V/154) within 3.6"meta.ref.urlcharFIRSTDisplay data from FIRST (VIII/92) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharFIDIdentification number assigned in this work, deep FIRST sources (F1 to F63)meta.id;meta.maincharSDSSSDSS DR7 Position-based name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharJ/ApJS/271/64/table4Physical properties of the radio low-mass AGNsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentification number assigned in this work (S1-S117 and F1-F63)meta.id;meta.maincharzspec[0.0057/0.4] Spectroscopic SDSS redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatlogMBH[5.12/6.3] Log, black hole masslog(solMass)phys.massfloatlogLLedd[-2.4/0.27] Log, Eddington ratio, L/Leddphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatlogLHaB[38.5/42] Log, broad H{alpha} luminosity, erg/slog(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.line.HalphafloatlogL5100[40.3/43.4] Log, continuum luminosity at 5100{AA}, erg/s (G2)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloatlogP20cm[20.3/23.57] Log, calculated radio power at rest-frame 20cmlog(W.Hz**-1)phys.luminosity;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatlogR[-0.4/2.5] Log, radio loudnessphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatSDSSSDSS DR7 names (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) as in Tables 2 an 3; column added by CDSmeta.idchar_RAPositions from SDSS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SDSS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/271/64/tablea1Other radio data for some sources in our samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFIDIdentification number assigned in this work (among F13-F54) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharSDSSSDSS DR7 Position-based name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharSpeak[0.2/5.6]? Peak flux densitymJy.beam**-1phot.flux.density;em.radiodoublenullablee_Speak[0.008/1.2]? Uncertainty in SpeakmJy.beam**-1stat.errordoublenullableSint[0.27/7]? Integrated flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radiodoublenullablee_Sint[0.02/1.6]? Uncertainty in SintmJystat.errordoublenullableFreq[0.14/9] Central frequencyGHzem.freqfloatalphar[0.6/0.8]? Radio Spectral index, {alpha}_r_spect.indexfloatnullableRefReferences (2)meta.refchar_RAPositions from SDSS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SDSS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/271/64/tablea2Other radio sources in the literatureSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableNameObject Name or SDSS Position-based name (1)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpeak[0.015/5]? Peak flux densitymJy.beam**-1phot.flux.density;em.radiofloatnullablee_Speak[0.002/0.3]? Uncertainty in SpeakmJy.beam**-1stat.errorfloatnullableSint[0.023/6] Integrated flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloate_Sint[0.005/0.4]? Uncertainty in SintmJystat.errorfloatnullableFreq[1.4/15] Central frequencyGHzem.freqfloatalphar[0.6/1.1]? Radio spectral index, {alpha}_r_spect.indexfloatnullableRefReferences (2)meta.refchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/271/64/tableb1Low-mass AGNs deeply mined from the FIRST images with 3<=S/N<3.5SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintm_FID? Component number of FIDmeta.code.multipintnullableCat[1/2] Parent Catalog (G1)meta.bibintzspec[0.019/0.2] Spectroscopic SDSS redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatRAJ2000[46/248] Radio source right ascension, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[0.47/54.4] Radio source declination, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSpeak[0.5/0.8] Peak flux densitymJy.beam**-1phot.flux.density;em.radiofloatSint[0.28/2] Integrated flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatSitot[0.28/3] Total integrated flux density (2)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatrms[0.1/0.2] Local root-mean square noise of image (3)mJy.beam**-1stat.stdev;instr.det.noisefloatPA[7.4/176] Undeconvolved position angle, East of Northdegpos.posAngfloatMaj[3.7/14.5] Major axis, FWHMarcsecphys.angSizefloatMin[2.5/8] Minor axis, FWHMarcsecphys.angSize;srcfloatDR7+DR16Display data from SDSS-DR7 (II/294) and -DR16 (V/154) within 3.6"meta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharFIDIdentification number assigned in this work (F64-F86) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharSDSSSDSS DR7 Position-based name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idcharJ/ApJS/271/64/tablec1Low-mass AGNs in the parent with 5{sigma} upper limits from LoTSS-DR2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintCat[1/2] Parent Catalog (G1)meta.bibintzspec[0.03/0.4] Spectroscopic SDSS redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatl_SpeakLimit flag for Speakmeta.code.errorcharSpeak[0.25/1.21] Peak flux densitymJy.beam**-1phot.flux.density;em.radiofloatl_logP20cmLimit flag for logP20cmmeta.code.errorcharlogP20cm[20.5/22.5] log, calculated radio power at rest-frame 20cmlog(W.Hz**-1)phys.luminosity;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatl_logRLimit flag for logRmeta.code.errorcharlogR[-0.3/1.62] log, radio loudnessphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatlogMBH[5.3/6.3] log, black hole masslog(solMass)phys.massfloatlogLLedd[-1.6/0.2] log, Eddington ratio, L/Leddphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatlogLHaB[39.6/42] log, broad H{alpha} luminosity, erg/slog(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.line.HalphafloatlogL5100[41.3/43.4] log, continuum luminosity at 5100{AA}, erg/s (G2)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloatDR7+DR16Display data from SDSS-DR7 (II/294) and -DR16 (V/154) within 3.6"meta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from SDSS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SDSS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainIDIdentification number assigned in this work, upper-limit sources (U1 to U104)meta.id;meta.maincharSDSSSDSS DR7 Position-based name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.idchar