J/ApJS/268/57ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/268/57doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22680057CDSByun W.Kim M.Sheen Y.-K.Lee D.Ho L.C.Ko J.Seon K.-I.Shim H.,Kim D.Kim Y.Lee J.H.Jeong H.Woo J.-H.Jeong W.-S.Park B.-G.,Kim S.C.Lee Y.Cha S.-M.Song H.Son D.Yang Y.2024-11-06T20:30:09Z2024-02-09T09:04:46ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrynorth-galactic-polesurveysWe search for quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) in a wide area of the south ecliptic pole (SEP) field, which has been and will continue to be intensively explored through various space missions. For this purpose, we obtain deep broadband optical images of the SEP field covering an area of ~14.5x14.5deg^2^ with the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet). The 5{sigma} detection limits for point sources in the BVRI bands are estimated to be ~22.59, 22.60, 22.98, and 21.85mag, respectively. Utilizing data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, unobscured QSO candidates are selected among the optically pointlike sources using mid-infrared (MIR) and optical-MIR colors. To refine our selection further and eliminate any contamination not adequately removed by the color-based selection, we perform spectral energy distribution fitting with archival photometric data ranging from optical to MIR. As a result, we identify a total of 2383 unobscured QSO candidates in the SEP field. We also apply a similar method to the north ecliptic pole field using Pan-STARRS data and obtain a similar result of identifying 2427 candidates. The differential number count per area of our QSO candidates is in good agreement with those measured from spectroscopically confirmed ones in other fields. Finally, we compare the results with the literature and discuss how this work will impact future studies, especially upcoming space missions.2023ApJS..268...57Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/268/57CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)II/367 : The VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) catalog DR5 (McMahon+, 2020)VII/289 : SDSS quasar catalog, sixteenth data release (DR16Q) (Lyke+, 2020)II/371 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 2 (Abbott+, 2021)J/AJ/130/873 : Properties of BQS objects in the SDSS DR3 area (Jester+, 2005)J/ApJ/642/673 : IR-selected obscured AGN candidates (Polletta+, 2006)J/AJ/131/2766 : Quasar luminosity function from SDSS-DR3 (Richards+, 2006)J/AJ/132/999 : SDSS quasar lens search (Oguri+, 2006)J/AJ/133/2222 : Clustering of high-redshift QSOs from SDSS (Shen+, 2007)J/ApJ/663/81 : SED of hard X-ray selected AGN in XMDS (Polletta+, 2007)J/AJ/136/2373 : Type 2 quasars from SDSS (Reyes+, 2008)J/ApJ/690/1236 : COSMOS photometric redshift catalog (Ilbert+, 2009)J/A+A/514/A11 : SEDs in ADFS (AKARI Deep Field South) (Malek+, 2010)J/MNRAS/411/373 : Catalog of AKARI Deep Field South (Clements+, 2011)J/A+A/537/A24 : AKARI NEP-Deep field mid-IR source catalogue (Takagi+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/ApJ/804/27 : NIR photometry of hot dust-obscured galaxies (Assef+, 2015)J/ApJ/849/53 : Composite SEDs of type 1 and type 2 QSOs (Hickox+, 2017)J/A+A/610/A31 : 0.8-2.5um spectra of 2 red quasars (Kim+, 2018)J/ApJS/234/23 : The WISE AGN candidates catalogs (Assef+, 2018)J/ApJS/238/37 : Opt. & NIR sp. atlas of 16 2MASS NIR-red AGNs (Kim+, 2018)J/ApJ/910/124 : Star formation rates of low-z QSOs from 1-500um (Xie+, 2021)J/A+A/651/A108 : AGN catalog from the AKARI NEP Wide field (Poliszczuk+, 2021)J/ApJ/923/262 : NIR spectroscopic obs. of z>6.5 quasars (Yang+, 2021)J/ApJS/264/9 : Southern phot. QSOs from DES DR2 & NIR surveys (Yang+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/268/57https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/268/57http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/268/57https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/268/57https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/268/57http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/268/57GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/268/57/catalog (Catalog of QSO candidates in the SEP and NEP fields; from erratum published in 2024, ApJS, 272, 50)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/268/57/catalog?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/268/57/catalog?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/268/57/catalog?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true57.06086-59.651030.0055555555555555563/530 4/639 725 727 959 1002-1003 2079 2115 2124-2126 5/2549 2551 2897 2899 2905 2907 2932-2933 3834-3835 4002-4003 4006-4007 4024 4026 8310-8311 8315 8459 8466 8474-8475 8478-8479 8508 8576-8577 8580-8581 8592 6/10111 10201-10203 10221 10223 11716-11717 11719 11737 15295 15323 15326-15327 15333-15335 16072 16074-16075 16102 33237-33239 33253-33255 33617 33621 33817-33820 33822-33823 33829-33831 33833-33835 33888 33890-33891 33894-33895 33906 34036 34040 34088 34090-34091 34094 34176-34178 34180 34328-34329 34332-34333 34372 343768.157980699529898e-21 4.670716440110116e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/268/57?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJS/268/57/catalogCatalog of QSO candidates in the SEP and NEP fields; from erratum published in 2024, ApJS, 272, 50recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[57/287] Right ascension of the object's centroid (J2000) (RA)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-61/73] Declination of the object's centroid (J2000) (DEC)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainBmag[15.5/21.7]? KMTNet B-band AUTO magnitude (Bmag) (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag[0.001/0.2]? Uncertainty on Bmag (err_Bmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag[15.2/21.5]? KMTNet V-band AUTO magnitude (Vmag) (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag[0.001/0.2]? Uncertainty on Vmag (err_Vmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableRmag[15/21.3]? KMTNet R-band AUTO magnitude (Rmag) (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Rmag[0.0008/0.05]? Uncertainty on Rmag (err_Rmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImag[14.5/19.5]? KMTNet I-band AUTO magnitude (Imag) (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag[0.0008/0.07]? Uncertainty on Imag (err_Imag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablegmag[14/22.1]? Pan-STARRS g-band magnitude (gmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_gmag[0.0003/0.4]? Uncertainty on gmag (err_gmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablermag[13.9/21.4]? Pan-STARRS r-band magnitude (rmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_rmag[0.001/0.2]? Uncertainty on rmag (err_rmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullableimag[14/20]? Pan-STARRS i-band magnitude (imag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_imag[0.002/0.2]? Uncertainty on imag (err_imag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablezmag[13.2/20.6]? Pan-STARRS z-band magnitude (zmag)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zmag[0.0002/0.3]? Uncertainty on zmag (err_zmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullableymag[13.8/20.4]? Pan-STARRS y band magnitude (ymag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_ymag[0/0.5]? Uncertainty on ymag (err_ymag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableJmag[12.8/17.6]? 2MASS J-band magnitude (Jmag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.02/0.4]? Uncertainty on Jmag (err_Jmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag[12.1/17]? 2MASS H-band magnitude (Hmag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.02/0.4]? Uncertainty on Hmag (err_Hmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKsmag[11.1/16.4]? 2MASS Ks band magnitude (Kmag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Ksmag[0.01/0.4]? Uncertainty on Ksmag (err_Kmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableVJmag[14.3/20.4]? VHS J band magnitude (VJmag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_VJmag[0.002/1]? Uncertainty on VJmag (err_VJmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableVHmag[13.8/20.6]? VHS H band magnitude (VHmag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_VHmag[0.005/3]? Uncertainty on VHmag (err_VHmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableVKmag[12.8/19.2]? VHS Ks band magnitude (VKmag)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_VKmag[0.004/1.4]? Uncertainty on VKmag (err_VKmag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableW1mag[9.4/17.5] WISE W1 (3.4um) band magnitude (W1mag)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag[0.02/0.5] Uncertainty on W1mag (err_W1mag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatW2mag[8.3/16.5] WISE W2 (4.6um) band magnitude (W2mag)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_W2mag[0.02/0.2] Uncertainty on W2mag (err_W2mag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatW3mag[5.7/13.7] WISE W3 (12um) band magnitude (W3mag)magphot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloate_W3mag[0.01/0.5] Uncertainty on W3mag (err_W3mag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.8-15umfloatW4mag[3.1/10.3] WISE W4 (22um) band magnitude (W4mag)magphot.mag;em.IR.15-30umfloatOCat[FY, ] Object identified in other publication(s) (flag2) (2)meta.code;meta.bibcharY23Display data from Yang+ 2023, J/ApJS/264/9meta.ref.urlintnullablePS1Display the PS1 data (II/349) within 3"meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharVHSDisplay data from VHS DR5 (II/367) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharWISEADisplay data from AllWISE (II/328) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharQEPQEP identifier (HHMMSS.s+DDMMSS.s; J2000) (ID)meta.id;meta.mainchare_W4mag[0.01/0.6]? Uncertainty on W4mag (err_W4mag)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableField[NS] Object in the SEP field ("S") or in the NEP field ("N") (flag1)meta.code;obs.fieldchar