J/ApJS/262/21ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/262/21doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22620021CDSFeng F.Butler R.P.Vogt S.S.Clement M.S.Tinney C.G.Cui K.,Aizawa M.Jones H.R.A.Bailey J.Burt J.Carter B.D.Crane J.D.,Flammini Dotti F.Holden B.Ma B.Ogihara M.Oppenheimer R.,O'Toole S.J.Shectman S.A.Wittenmyer R.A.Wang S.X.Wright D.J.,Xuan Y.2022-10-26T08:52:11Z2022-09-19T13:56:14ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frdwarf-starssubdwarf-starsexoplanetsorbitsvisible-astronomyWe analyze 5108 AFGKM stars with at least five high-precision radial velocity points, as well as Gaia and Hipparcos astrometric data, utilizing a novel pipeline developed in previous work. We find 914 radial velocity signals with periods longer than 1000 days. Around these signals, 167 cold giants and 68 other types of companions are identified, through combined analyses of radial velocity, astrometry, and imaging data. Without correcting for detection bias, we estimate the minimum occurrence rate of the wide-orbit brown dwarfs to be 1.3%, and find a significant brown-dwarf valley around 40M_Jup_. We also find a power-law distribution in the host binary fraction beyond 3 au, similar to that found for single stars, indicating no preference of multiplicity for brown dwarfs. Our work also reveals nine substellar systems (GJ 234 B, GJ 494 B, HD 13724 b, HD 182488 b, HD 39060 b and c, HD 4113 C, HD 42581 d, HD 7449 B, and HD 984 b) that have previously been directly imaged, and many others that are observable at existing facilities. Depending on their ages, we estimate that an additional 10-57 substellar objects within our sample can be detected with current imaging facilities, extending the imaged cold (or old) giants by an order of magnitude.2022ApJS..262...21Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/262/21CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/262/21https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/262/21http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/262/21https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/262/21https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/262/21http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/262/21GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/262/21/table3 (Orbital parameters for the stellar and planetary companions detected in this work)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/262/21/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/262/21/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/262/21/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true50.8237547-7.79409860.0055555555555555566/197 679 717 824 1201 1597 2254 4136 4528 4766 4988 5309 5601 7299 7434 8054 8115 8133 8862 9102 9105 9843 10004 10518 10550 11348 11352 11589 11910 12186 12352 13423 13515 14089 14416 14539 14839 15221 16931 17274 17641 17804 17847 17999 18835 18856 20072 20512 20582 20896 21718 21838 21906 22148 22590 22779 22878 23511 23513 24462 25078 25140 25452 25466 25717 25875 26160 26555 26790 26888 27019 27254 27759 27973 28763 28792 29107 29143 29374 29541 29852 30116 30526 31145 31307 31374 31714 32431 32848 33243 33571 33923 34054 34308 34342 34396 34481 34591 34902 35121 35237 35362 35502-35503 35532 35858 36195 36506 36723 36918 37049 37660 38270 39034 39516 39957 40066 40302 40400 40661 40749 40938 41016 41216 41225 41407 41607 41710 41913 42101 42224 42255 42486 42519 42527 42700 43442 43771 43840 43863 44740 45012 45034 45107 45143 45624 45888 46009 46100 46112 46252 46678 47004 47543 47632 47795 47994 48182 48513 48519 48572https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/262/21?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/262/21/table3Orbital parameters for the stellar and planetary companions detected in this worke_Tp? Lower uncertainty on Tpdstat.errordoublenullableomega*Argument of periastrondegsrc.orbital.periastronfloatImFlag[d] Direct imaging flag (1)meta.codecharE_Omega? Upper uncertainty on Omegadegstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablemcCompanion mass (4)(1.898187x10+27kg)phys.massfloate_mcLower uncertainty on mc(1.898187x10+27kg)stat.errorfloatE_mcUpper uncertainty on mc(1.898187x10+27kg)stat.error;stat.maxfloataSemi-major axisauphys.angSize;srcfloate_aLower uncertainty on aaustat.errorfloatE_aUpper uncertainty on aaustat.error;stat.maxfloatTpPeriastron epoch, BJD-2400000dtime.epochcharE_TpUpper uncertainty on Tpdstat.error;stat.maxdoubleHZDynamical stability of Earth-like planets in the habitable zonesmeta.codecharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHostHost Namemeta.id.parentcharBinFlag[*] Wide binary flag (2)meta.codecharPer-yrOrbital period, yearsyrtime.perioddoublee_Per-yrUncertainty in Per (3)yrstat.errordoubleE_Per-yrUncertainty in Per (3)yrstat.error;stat.maxdoublePer-dOrbital period, daysdtime.perioddoublee_Per-dUncertainty in Per (3)dstat.errordoubleE_Per-dUncertainty in Per (3)dstat.error;stat.maxdoublei? inclination (4)degsrc.orbital.inclinationfloatnullablee_i? Lower uncertainty on idegstat.errorfloatnullableE_i? Upper uncertainty on idegstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableeEccentricitysrc.orbital.eccentricityfloate_eLower uncertainty on estat.errorfloatE_eUpper uncertainty on estat.error;stat.maxfloate_omega*Lower uncertainty on omega*degstat.errorfloatE_omega*Upper uncertainty on omega*degstat.error;stat.maxfloatKRadial velocity semi-amplitudem/sphys.veloc;src.orbitaldoublee_KLower uncertainty on Km/sstat.errorfloatE_KUpper uncertainty on Km/sstat.error;stat.maxfloatOmega? Longitude of ascending nodedegsrc.orbital.nodefloatnullablee_Omega? Lower uncertainty on Omegadegstat.errorfloatnullableRefReference, in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.frame;meta.filecharHIP? Hipparcos identifiermeta.idintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainCompanionCompanion Namemeta.id;meta.maincharJ/ApJS/262/21/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference numbermeta.id;meta.mainintBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorcharComCommentsmeta.notechar