J/ApJS/259/5ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/259/5doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22590005CDSTan L.Mei Y.Liu Z.Luo Y.Deng H.Wang F.Deng L.Liu C.2023-11-13T08:06:41Z2022-09-09T08:59:34ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsubdwarf-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyHot subdwarf stars are a particular type of star that is crucial for studying binary evolution and atmospheric diffusion processes. In recent years, identifying hot subdwarfs by machine-learning methods has become a hot topic, but there are still limitations in automation and accuracy. In this paper, we proposed a robust identification method based on a convolutional neural network. We first constructed the data set using the spectral data of LAMOST DR7-V1. We then constructed a hybrid recognition model including an eight-class classification model and a binary classification model. The model achieved an accuracy of 96.17% on the testing set. To further validate the accuracy of the model, we selected 835 hot subdwarfs that were not involved in the training process from the identified LAMOST catalog (2428, including repeated observations) as the validation set. An accuracy of 96.05% was achieved. On this basis, we used the model to filter and classify all 10,640,255 spectra of LAMOST DR7-V1, and obtained a catalog of 2393 hot subdwarf candidates, of which 2067 have been confirmed. We found 25 new hot subdwarfs among the remaining candidates by manual validation. The overall accuracy of the model is 87.42%. Overall, the model presented in this study can effectively identify specific spectra with robust results and high accuracy, and can be further applied to the classification of large-scale spectra and the search for specific targets.2022ApJS..259....5Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/259/5CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/146 : LAMOST DR1 catalogs (Luo+, 2015)V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)J/MNRAS/380/1098 : UV-upturn of elliptical galaxies model (Han+, 2007)J/A+A/549/A110 : Metal abundances of sdB stars (Geier, 2013)J/ApJ/764/25 : FUSE spectra analysis of hot subdwarf stars (Jenkins, 2013)J/ApJ/818/202 : Hot subdwarf stars in LAMOST DR1 (Luo+, 2016)J/A+A/600/A50 : Catalog of hot subdwarf stars (Geier+, 2017)J/ApJ/868/70 : Hot subdwarf stars from Gaia DR2 and LAMOST DR5 (Lei+, 2018)J/ApJ/881/135 : Hot subdwarf stars from GaiaDR2 & LAMOST DR5. II. (Lei+, 2019)J/A+A/621/A38 : Gaia catalogue of hot subluminous stars (Geier+, 2019)J/ApJ/898/64 : Hot subdwarf stars from Gaia & LAMOST. II. RVs (Luo+, 2020)J/ApJ/889/117 : Hot subdwarf stars from GaiaDR2 & LAMOSTDR6+7. I. (Lei+, 2020)J/ApJS/256/28 : Hot subdwarf stars with GaiaDR2 & LAMOST DR7 data (Luo+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/259/5https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/259/5http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/259/5https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/259/5https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/259/5http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/259/5GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/259/5/table4 (Manual verification results of the 2393 hot subdwarf candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/259/5/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/259/5/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/259/5/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true32.88112539.28719440.0055555555555555565/2167 3180 6/43 64 78 85 97 132 142 148 168 181 185 220 222 226-227 255 331 398-399 407 419 448 450 457 485 493 495-496 608 655 689 709 718 723 728 730 765 767 776 823 829 855 858 865 872 888 894 907 910 916 930 932 944 955 958 1004 1009 1041 1069 1154 1157-1158 1162 1177 1185 1202 1213 1224 1251-1252 1260 1291 1297 1304 1310 1318 1327 1335 1337 1348 1351 1356 1362 1374 1389 1397 1405 1415 1429 1433 1468 1542 1555 1559 1563-1564 1570-1572 1594-1595 1602 1666 1668 1672 1683-1686 1688 1694 1712-1713 1720 1722 1724 1739 1760 1792 1805 1809 1908 1913 1950 2007 2061 2074 2094 2100 2106 2114 2131 2134 2144 2162 2170 2198 2203 2221 2228 2231 2233 2241 2243 2246 2284 2292 2316 2346 2349 2358 2363 2370 2410-2411 2417 2420 2424 2449 2458 2463 2468 2485 2489 2492 2497-2499 2507 2526 2540 2561 2563 2584 2590-2591 2593 2595 2600 2616 2621 2625-2626 2636 2641 2648-2649 2661 2683 2702 2707 2713-2714 2719 2753-2754 2757 2785 2791-2793 2796-2797 2801 2805-2807 2830 2843 2847 2850 2852 2860 2871-2873 2877 2899 2957-2958 2977-2978 2993 3009 3076 3089-3092 3117 3213 3236 3238 3243 3355 3365 3367 3371 3374 3377 3387 3404 3456-3457 3460 3467 3584 3588 4104-4106 4113 4123 4164 4174-4175 4178 4195 4198 4216 4224 4233 4242 4244 4258 4271 4273 4276 4283 4285 4288 4293 4295 4297 4319-4320 4344-4346 4357 4378 4382 4399 4409 4411 4456 4497 4516 4541 4561 4566 4576 4591 4598 4604 4610 4613 4624 4626 4630 4644 4648 4653-4654 4658 4664 4674 4689 4692 4697-4698 4704 4709-4711 4716 4722 4739 4741 4753-4754 4770 4782 4784 4786 4790 4797 4800 4807 4818 4838 4848 4858 4860 4872 4879 4893 4898 4912 4917 4929 4931 4934 4938 4943 4955 4957-4958 4960 4968 4976 4982 5018-5019 5047 5057 5062 5099 5113 5131 5168 5184 5189 5199 5204 5206 5219 5230 5236 5252 5254 5265 5270 5274 5280 5287 5291 5308-5309 5396 5399 5406 5430 5434 5436 5522 5544 5550 5560 5567 5584 5586 5620 5639 5646 5649 5654-5655 5690 5698 5710 5724 5749-5750 5760 5804 5826 5836 5838 5847 5866 5884 5908 5917-5918 5938 5941 5943-5944 5947 5995 6002 6011 6013 6034 6049 6145 6161 6169 6171 6173-6175 6177 6180 6196 6198 6200 6204 6208 6234 6246-6247 6251 6254 6259 6267 6270 6276 6283 6295 6305-6306 6318 6330 6334 6337 6339 6341-6342 6348-6350 6357 6378 6385 6410 6428 6433 6435 6446 6455 6461 6467-6468 6477 6480 6493 6497 6507-6508 6536 6544 6547 6552 6560-6562 6571 6579-6580 6588 6613-6614 6617 6659 6661 6670 6672 6674 6676 6679 6684-6685 6696 6701 6706-6707 6710 6713 6719-6720 6722 6724 6732 6737 6741 6747 6754 6757 6772 6788 6807 6827 6837 6840 6844 6847-6848 6854 6879 6881 6889 6892 6910 6921 6940 6955 6981-6982 6988 6991 7007 7009 7021 7023 7052 7056-7057 7072 7074 7085 7089 7100 7104 7113 7167 7203 7258-7261 7282 7347 7384 7428 7435 7458 7687 7717 7881-7882 7903 8119 8200 8206 8212 8224 8229 8243 8255 8278 8281 8283-8284 8297 8308 8325 8384 8391 8397 8425 8441 8447 8467 8469 8500-8501 8509-8510 8518 8538 8543 8550 8570 8572 8590 8608 8623 8632 8635 8675 8696 8702 8723 8729 8746 8749 8756 8770 8773 8780 8791 8806 8812-8813 8829 8833 8850 8873 8875 8891 8909 8930 8940 8956 8959-8960 8982 8992 8998 9005 9026 9035 9061 9064 9072 9077 9087 9102 9119 9123 9130 9169 9186 9202 9208 9211 9215 9221 9237 9240 9254 9257 9268-9269 9273 9286 9288 9298-9299 9304 9310 9320 9330 9336 9338 9349-9350 9352 9357 9364 9366 9372-9373 9384 9399 9414 9416 9419 9428 9465 9470 9501 9505-9506 9510 9524 9534 9546 9585 9593 9620 9624 9633 9664 9677 9690 9699 9709 9727 9730 9750 9762-9763 9775-9776 9790 9812 9819 9833 9882 9886 9890 9899 9905 9909 9947 9959 9969 9975 9981 10007 10022 10024 10042 10048 10061 10072 10083 10088 10094 10132 10144 10146 10156 10244 10295-10296 10315 10318 10322 10326 10328 10333 10376 10378-10379 10382 10397-10398 10400 10409 10439-10440 10448 10454 10459 10471 10475-10476 10504 10514 10542-10543 10552 10585 10602 10615 10628 10670 10715 10782 10799 10826 10845 10850 10855 10888 10903 10915 10919 10945 10948 10952 10963 10973 10985 11002 11016 11029 11038 11047 11113 11120 11125 11144-11145 11157 11159 11180 11189 11194 11208 11230 11264 11275 11300 11302-11303 11335 11780 11802 11810 12022-12023 12289 12302 12314 12358 12365 12373-12374 12405 12411 12448 12451 12457 12495 12498-12502 12505 12510 12528 12560 12565-12566 12577 12585 12590-12591 12608 12613 12627 12632 12655 12657 12666 12672-12673 12684 12687 12697 12717 12726 12734 12775 12785 12838 13026 13145 13163 13169 13206 13260-13261 13266 13276 13278-13279 13286 13291 13319 13339 13354 13361 13370 13402 13404 13426 13429-13430 13434-13435 13437 13460 13481 13483 13505 13577 13582 13592 13595 13601 13607 13643 13667 13673 13683 13690 13720 13733 13769 13773 13778 13805 13818 13833 13857 13873 13882-13883 13898 13953 13962 13972 14026 14049 14216 14263 14552-14553 14555 14573 14577-14579 14582 14585 14751 14772 14775 14779 14825 14868 14888 14915 14920-14921 14927 14940 14943 14960 14990 14997 15017 15041 15045 15057 15065 15105 15108 15115 15124 15126 15128 15132 15152 15172 15200 15232 15306 15310 17789 17851 17864-17865 17872 17880 17884 18003 18006 18011 18031 18045 18098 18132 18153 18178 18208 18232 18337 18341 18372 18409 18418 18645 18687 18774 18800 18843 18851 18863 18866 18900 18906 18908 18937 18941 18954 18987 19004 19026-19027 19033 19037-19038 19040 19045 19057 19060 19068 19071 19085 19091 19098-19099 19101 19118 19120 19126-19127 19138 19157 19169 19171 19173 19202 19239 19241 19244 19270 19277 19288 19309 19312 19321 19329-19330 19339 19360-19361 19368 19371 19375 19386 19388 19397 19404 19410 19415 19419 19427 19436 19468 19475 19508 19544 19590 19649 19653 19666 19708 19710 19822 19875 19884 19898 19903-19905 19930 19957 19962 20002 20030 20054 20066 20072 20099 20118 20128 20156 20165 20168 20219 20224 20236-20237 20255 20261 20279 20294 20305 20314 20320-20321 20337 20344 20357 20367 20390 20402 20410-20411 20452 20478 21370 21494 21748 21759 21803-21804 21806 21829 21836 21867 21876 21879 21940 21952 22080 22147 22204 22237 22239 22248 22260 22272 22279 22281 22285 22304 22308 22314 22316 22321 22334 22339 22356 22379 22387 22398-22399 22405 22415-22416 22422 22426 22428 22438 22441 22448 22452 22456 22458-22459 22461 22463 22471-22472 22474-22475 22477-22478 22480-22482 22484 22494 22496-22497 22503 22513 22517 22734 22743 22761 22776-22777 22843 22848 22868 22884 22889 22914 22917 22989 22996 23015 23019 23036 23156-23157 23160 23196 23207 23233 23356 23379 23444 23465 23468 23470 23510-23511 23527 23531 23645 23647-23648 23658 23661 23668 23691 23719 23736 23740 23747 23762-23763 23770 23772 23777 23781 23790 23807 23811-23813 23818 23821 23823 23828 23830 23834 23839 23845 23847 23856 23860 23869 23879 23883 23893 23896 23899 23905 23908-23910 23916 23919-23920 23925 23929 23932-23933 23954 23972-23973 23979 23982-23983 23988 23991-23992 23994 23998 24001 24003 24005 24016-24017 24021 24024-24025 24032 24051 24059 24063 24073-24075 24089 24092 24111 24124 24133 24136 24138 24148 24150 24160 24162 24165 24180-24181 24184 24194 24204 24214 24242 24252 24254 24292 24320 24324 24326 24330 24338 24340-24342 24344 24361 24377 24383 24391 24396-24397 24400 24404 24407 24415 24427 24437-24438 24440 24442 24446 24475 24511 24522 24529-24534 24553 24560 24570 25531 25566-25567 25576 25582 25586 25845 25855 25882 25905 25915 25921 25927 25932 25950 25967 25969 25971-25972 25976 25990 25996 26001 26015 26048 26066 26106 26164 26170 26175 26193 26215 26223 26267 26279-26280 26288 26296 26317 26319 26343-26344 26402 26411 26413 26416 26436-26438 26453 26467 26481 26518 26520 26533 26551 26553 26555 26564-26565 26570 26589 26598 26606 26609 26612 26858 26875 26937 26991 27000 27026 27045 27049 27057-27058 27061 27082 27087 27095 27099 27107 27126 27167 27175 27187 27193 27204 27208 27213 27218 27227 27260 27284 27317 27321 27324 27339 27343 27345 27349-27350 27352 27379 27432 27478 27486-27487 27495 27507 27522 27616 27632 27663 27683 27687 27713 27776 27785 27814 27817 27834 27839 27861 27871 27909 27912-27913 27915 27918 27956 27975 27999 28059 28066 28094 28129 28134 28221 28234 28262 28266 28271 28302 28323 28331 28335 28370 28388 28406 28408 28420 28423 28442 28455 28465 28483 28530 28538 28579 28586-28587 28622 28646 28666 30172 30194-30197 30201 30204 30206 30549 31062 31082 31099 31142 31254-31255 31286 31315 31334 31339 31341-31342 31373 31381 31392 31411 31413 31419 31424 31433 31438 31444 31450 31453 31470 31488 31518 31528 31549-31550 31586 31613 31622 31624 31627 31640 31664 31676 31683 31687 31715 31741 31750 31757 31804 31810 31818 31838 31856 31858 31884 31912 31914 31923 31955 31961 31963 31989 32142 32160-32161 32264-32265 32283 32300 32307-32308 32330 32334-32335 32346 32350 32353-32354 32369 32372 32380 32385 32436 32456 32476 32485-32486 32489 32496 32502 32507 32528 32550 32554 32557 32625 32633 32636-32637 32644 32659 32674 32707 32721 32724 36851 36861 40948 45046https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/259/5?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJS/259/5/table4Manual verification results of the 2393 hot subdwarf candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLAMOSTLAMOST designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharObsID[106081/746810176] Unique number ID of this spectrummeta.idlongRAdegRight Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.raDEdeg[-7.14/82] Declination decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.decSNRg[2.18/629.1] Signal-to-Noise in g bandstat.snrfloatSNRu[0/436] Signal-to-Noise in u bandstat.snrfloatSNRz[0/411.3]? Signal-to-Noise in z bandstat.snrdoublenullableSNRr[0/579]? Signal-to-Noise in r bandstat.snrdoublenullableSNRi[0/608]? Signal-to-Noise in i bandstat.snrdoublenullableType[1/4] Type description code (1)meta.code.classintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from LAMOST names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from LAMOST names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main