J/ApJS/256/13ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/256/13doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22560013CDSBaldini L.Ballet J.Bastieri D.Becerra Gonzalez J.Bellazzini R.,Berretta A.Bissaldi E.Blandford R.D.Bloom E.D.Bonino R.,Bottacini E.Bruel P.Buson S.Cameron R.A.Caraveo P.A.Cavazzuti E.,Chen S.Chiaro G.Ciangottini D.Cibario N.Ciprini S.,Cristarella Orestano P.Crnogorcevic M.Cutini S.D'Ammando F.,De La Torre Luque P.De Palma F.Digel S.W.Di Lalla N.Dirirsa F.,Di Venere L.Dominguez A.Fiori A.Fleischhack H.Franckowiak A.,Fukazawa Y.Funk S.Fusco P.Gargano F.Gasparrini D.Germani S.,Giglietto N.Giordano F.Giroletti M.Green D.Grenier I.A.,Griffin S.Guiriec S.Gustafsson M.Hewitt J.W.Horan D.Imazawa R.,Johannesson G.Kerr M.Kocevski D.Kuss M.Larsson S.Latronico L.,Li J.Liodakis I.Longo F.Loparco F.Lovellette M.N.Lubrano P.,Maldera S.Manfreda A.Marti-Devesa G.Matake H.Mazziotta M.N.,Mereu I.Meyer M.Mirabal N.Mitthumsiri W.Mizuno T.Monzani M.E.,Morselli A.Moskalenko I.V.Nagasawa S.Negro M.Ojha R.Orienti M.,Orlando E.Palatiello M.Paliya V.Paneque D.Pei Z.Persic M.,Pesce-Rollins M.Petrosian V.Poon H.Porter T.A.Principe G.,Racusin J.L.Raino S.Rando R.Rani B.Razzano M.Razzaque S.,Reimer A.Reimer O.Saz Parkinson P.M.Scotton L.Serini D.Sgro C.,Siskind E.J.Spandre G.Spinelli P.Suson D.J.Tajima H.Tak D.,Torres D.F.Tosti G.Troja E.Wood K.Yassine M.Zaharijas G.,(The Fermi-LAT Collaboration)2023-08-16T15:12:49Z2022-02-25T13:17:49ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgamma-ray-astronomyactive-galactic-nucleiredshiftedgamma-ray-burststhe-sunstellar-flaresWe present the first Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog of long-term {gamma}-ray transient sources (1FLT). This comprises sources that were detected on monthly time intervals during the first decade of Fermi-LAT operations. The monthly timescale allows us to identify transient and variable sources that were not yet reported in other Fermi-LAT catalogs. The monthly data sets were analyzed using a wavelet-based source detection algorithm that provided the candidate new transient sources. The search was limited to the extragalactic regions of the sky to avoid the dominance of the Galactic diffuse emission at low Galactic latitudes. The transient candidates were then analyzed using the standard Fermi-LAT maximum likelihood analysis method. All sources detected with a statistical significance above 4{sigma} in at least one monthly bin were listed in the final catalog. The 1FLT catalog contains 142 transient {gamma}-ray sources that are not included in the 4FGL-DR2 catalog. Many of these sources (102) have been confidently associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs): 24 are associated with flat-spectrum radio quasars, 1 with a BL Lac object, 70 with blazars of uncertain type, 3 with radio galaxies, 1 with a compact steep-spectrum radio source, 1 with a steep-spectrum radio quasar, and 2 with AGNs of other types. The remaining 40 sources have no candidate counterparts at other wavelengths. The median {gamma}-ray spectral index of the 1FLT-AGN sources is softer than that reported in the latest Fermi-LAT AGN general catalog. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that detection of the softest {gamma}-ray emitters is less efficient when the data are integrated over year-long intervals.2021ApJS..256...13Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/256/13CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/178 : Optical Extragalactic Emission-line Objects (Hewitt+ 1991)VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)VII/274 : The Roma BZCAT - 5th edition (Massaro+, 2015)V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)J/MNRAS/204/151 : Bright radio sources at 178 MHz (3CRR) (Laing+ 1983)J/ApJ/715/429 : First Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (1LAC) (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJ/716/30 : SED of Fermi bright blazars (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJS/188/405 : Fermi-LAT first source catalog (1FGL) (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJ/722/520 : Gamma-ray light curves of Fermi blazars (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJ/741/30 : Radio/{gamma}-ray correlation in AGN (Ackermann+, 2011)J/ApJ/743/171 : The 2LAC catalog (Ackermann+, 2011)J/ApJS/199/31 : Fermi LAT second source catalog (2FGL) (Nolan+, 2012)J/A+A/541/A160 : Planck + X/{gamma} observations of blazars (Giommi+, 2012)J/ApJ/771/57 : Fermi-LAT flaring sources from FAVA (Ackermann+, 2013)J/ApJS/209/14 : The Swift/BAT hard X-ray transient monitor (Krimm+, 2013)J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)J/ApJ/810/14 : Third catalog of LAT-detected AGNs (3LAC) (Ackermann+, 2015)J/A+A/588/A146 : The gNLS1 galaxy PKS 2004-447. VLBI images (Schulz+, 2016)J/MNRAS/460/19 : Update of INTEGRAL/IBIS AGN catalogue (Malizia+, 2016)J/ApJ/846/34 : Flaring gamma-ray sources; LAT 7.4yr (2FAV) (Abdollahi+, 2017)J/ApJS/235/4 : The 105-month Swift-BAT all-sky hard X-ray survey (Oh+, 2018)J/A+A/618/A22 : Fermi-LAT sources below 100MeV catalog (Principe+, 2018)J/A+A/627/A13 : Second AGILE catalog of gamma-ray sources (Bulgarelli+, 2019)J/ApJ/881/154 : BAT AGN spectroscopic survey. XVI. Blazars (Paliya+, 2019)J/ApJS/247/33 : The Fermi LAT fourth source catalog (4FGL) (Abdollahi+, 2020)J/ApJ/892/105 : 4th catalog of Fermi LAT-detected AGNs (4LAC) (Ajello+, 2020)J/A+A/641/A152 : TANAMI radio galaxies II (Angioni+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/256/13https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/256/13http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/256/13https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/256/13https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/256/13http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/256/13GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/256/13/tableb1 (Catalog of Fermi-LAT long-term transient sources (1FLT))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.5019414-21.8058660.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/256/13/tableb2 (Sun detection list)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true161.667.760.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/256/13/tableb3 (GRB detection list)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/256/13/tableb3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true90.82-41.960.0055555555555555566/251 265 277 359 399 534 672 2057 2093 2114 2448 2720 2914 3487 3965 3972 4181 4342 4345 4347 4368 4390 4482 4679 4708 4992 5062 5457 6154 6781 7215 7521 7879 7908 8151 8161 8576 8697 9135 9289 9296 9566 10064 10149 10511 10545 11200 12132 12178 12397 12425 12453 12600 14830 15077 15192 16630 16709 17395 17436 17982 18090 18310 18320 18322 18328 18395 18538 18550 18569 18724-18725 18757 18759 18921 19566 21321 22519 22664 23259 23929 24245 24612 24774 24822 25293 25378 25456 25469 25486 25497 25788 26013 26294 26365 26575 26709 26895 26971 27109 27111 27117-27118 27460 27467 27489 27519-27520 27541 27543 27545 27581 27810 27816 27824 28289 28494 28555 28638 29432 30757 30867 31120 31263 31319 32167 32279 32335 32539 32646 32856 33055 33103 33122 33728 33771 33960 34253 34256 34626 36255 36290 36307 36684 37604 38184 38238 38800-38801 38825 39061 39594 39634 39673 40760 43251 43260 43509 43580 44141 44250 44432 44523 44596 44733 44756 44770 44786 45199 45226 45401 45712 45717 46426 46844 46867 47031 47050 47192 47194 47220 47353 47974 48031 48224 48313 48337 48434 48676 48731 48746 48835 48909 48912 490889.276497240453405e-25 9.276497240453405e-25https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/256/13?format=asciiGamma-raydefaultJ/ApJS/256/13/tableb1Catalog of Fermi-LAT long-term transient sources (1FLT)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint1FLTSource name (JHHMM+DDMM, according to IAU Specifications for Nomenclature)meta.id;meta.maincharSeq[1/142] Source number (SRCNUM)meta.idintAssocDesignation of the most likely associated counterpart (Assoc_Name)meta.id.assoccharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharTBIN[0/119.5] Time Bin in which the source was detected with the greatest TS (TBIN_1m) (1)time.intervalfloatNfl[1/7] Number of flares of this sourcemeta.numberintRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGLONGalactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latdoubleC95a[0.16/1.6] Semimajor axis of the error ellipse at 95% confidencedegphys.angSize.smajAxis;pos.errorEllipsefloatC95b[0.14/1.2] Semiminor axis of the error ellipse at 95% confidencedegphys.angSize.sminAxis;pos.errorEllipsefloatC95PA[0/178] Position angle of the 95%-confidence semi-major axis (2)degpos.posAngfloatTS[25/177] Likelihood test statistic for 100MeV-300GeV analysisstat.likelihoodfloatNpred[36/480] Number of predicted events in the modelmeta.numberfloatPL[1.7/4.2] Photon index for the PowerLaw fitspect.indexfloate_PL[0.12/0.75] Uncertainty in PLstat.errorfloatFlux[1.5e-8/2.3e-7] Integral photon flux for 0.1 to 300GeVph.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux.density;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux[6e-9/6.3e-8] Uncertainty in Fluxph.cm**-2.s**-1stat.error;phot.fluxdoubleEFlux[1.1e-5/5.7e-5] Energy Flux (3)MeV.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux.density;em.gamma.harddoublee_EFlux[2.7e-6/1.7e-5] Uncertainty in EFluxMeV.cm**-2.s**-1stat.errordoubleFermiName, correspondence to Fermi-LAT xFGL and FL8Y catalog (ASSOC_FERMI) (4)meta.id.assoccharGammaName, correspondence to {gamma}-ray source catalog (ASSOC_GAM)meta.id.assocchar2FAVName, correspondence to 2FAV source catalog (Abdollahi+, 2017, J/ApJ/846/34) (ASSOC_FAVA)meta.id.assoccharLMCTrue if the source is in the LMC region (3 occurrences)meta.codecharCenATrue if the source is near Cen A (2 occurrences)meta.codecharClassClass of the most likely counterpart (5)src.classcharPAssoc[0/1] Probability of association (Assoc_Prob_Bay) (6)stat.fit.goodnessfloatRAAdeg? Right Ascension (J2000), most likely counterpart (Assoc_RA)degpos.eq.ranullableDEAdeg? Declination (J2000), most likely counterpart (Assoc_Dec)degpos.eq.decnullablez[0.002/3.7]? Most likely counterpart redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublenullableRFlux[24.9/4204]? Most likely counterpart flux density at 1.4GHz (Radio_flux)mJyphot.flux.density;em.gamma.hardfloatnullablelognupk[-12.6/14.7]? Log10 Synchrotron peak frequency (7)log(Hz)em.freqfloatnullableLowConfTrue if a source has a TS<30 and only one monthly detection (72 occurrences)meta.codecharJ/ApJS/256/13/tableb2Sun detection listrepROIOverlapping ROI flag (1)meta.codecharTS[25/168860] Likelihood test statistic for 100MeV-300GeV analysisstat.likelihoodintFlux[3e-8/2.2e-5] Integral photon flux for 0.1 to 300GeVph.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux.density;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux[1.2e-8/1.8e-7] Uncertainty in Fluxph.cm**-2.s**-1stat.error;phot.fluxdoublePL[1.9/3.5] Photon index for the PowerLaw fitspect.indexfloate_PL[0.1/0.4] Uncertainty in PLstat.errorfloatFLSFName of the associated solar flare (2)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTBIN[0/109] Time Bin in which the source was detected with the greatest TStime.intervalfloatRAJ2000Detection localization, Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Detection localization, Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJS/256/13/tableb3GRB detection liste_PL[0.1/0.3] Uncertainty in PLstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTBIN[7/119] Time Bin in which the source was detected with the greatest TStime.intervalfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Detection localization, Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Detection localization, Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrepROIOverlapping ROI flag (1)meta.codecharTS[26/895] Likelihood test statistic for 100 MeV-300 GeV analysisstat.likelihoodintEFlux[1.8e-5/0.00024] Energy FluxMeV.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux.density;em.gamma.harddoublee_EFlux[4.2e-6/5.6e-5] Uncertainty in EFluxMeV.cm**-2.s**-1stat.errordoubleFlux[1.9e-8/2.3e-7] Integral photon flux for 0.1 to 300GeV, in photons/cm2/sph.cm**-2.s**-1phot.flux.density;em.gamma.harddoublee_Flux[1e-8/3.9e-8] Uncertainty in Fluxph.cm**-2.s**-1stat.error;phot.fluxdoublePL[1.6/3] Photon index for the PowerLaw fitspect.indexfloatTriggerGRB trigger numbermeta.id;meta.mainlongGRBGRB name (Ajello+ 2019ApJ...878...52A)meta.idchar