J/ApJS/251/20ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/251/20doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22510020CDSDutta S.Lee C.-F.Liu T.Hirano N.Liu S.-Y.Tatematsu K.Kim K.-T.,Shang H.Sahu D.Kim G.Moraghan A.Jhan K.-S.Hsu S.-Y.Evans N.J.,Johnstone D.Ward-Thompson D.Kuan Y.-J.Lee C.W.Lee J.-E.,Traficante A.Juvela M.Vastel C.Zhang Q.Sanhueza P.Soam A.,Kwon W.Bronfman L.Eden D.Goldsmith P.F.He J.Wu Y.Pelkonen V.-M.,Qin S.-L.Li S.Li Di2023-08-16T16:02:55Z2021-03-03T09:31:42ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frstar-forming-regionsinterstellar-mediumspectral-energy-distributionyoung-stellar-objectsstellar-massesinfrared-photometrymillimeter-astronomyphotometrysubmillimeter-astronomyPlanck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) are considered to be the ideal targets to probe the early phases of star formation. We have conducted a survey of 72 young dense cores inside PGCCs in the Orion complex with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.3mm (band 6) using three different configurations (resolutions ~0.35", 1.0", and 7.0") to statistically investigate their evolutionary stages and substructures. We have obtained images of the 1.3mm continuum and molecular line emission (^12^CO, and SiO) at an angular resolution of ~0.35" (~140au) with the combined arrays. We find 70 substructures within 48 detected dense cores with median dust mass ~0.093M_{sun}_ and deconvolved size ~0.27". Dense substructures are clearly detected within the central 1000au of four candidate prestellar cores. The sizes and masses of the substructures in continuum emission are found to be significantly reduced with protostellar evolution from Class 0 to Class I. We also study the evolutionary change in the outflow characteristics through the course of protostellar mass accretion. A total of 37 sources exhibit CO outflows, and 20 (>50%) show high-velocity jets in SiO. The CO velocity extents ({Delta}Vs) span from 4 to 110km/s with outflow cavity opening angle width at 400au ranging from [{Theta}_obs_]_400_~0.6"-3.9", which corresponds to 33.4{deg}-125.7{deg}. For the majority of the outflow sources, the {Delta}Vs show a positive correlation with [{Theta}_obs_]_400_, suggesting that as protostars undergo gravitational collapse, the cavity opening of a protostellar outflow widens and the protostars possibly generate more energetic outflows.2020ApJS..251...20Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/251/20CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/jcmt : Jame Clerk Maxwell Telescope Science Archive (CADC, 2003)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)J/A+A/291/943 : Protostellar cores (Ossenkopf+, 1994)J/AJ/144/31 : Spitzer+2MASS photom. of protostar cand. (Kryukova+, 2012)J/AJ/144/192 : Spitzer survey of Orion A and B. I. YSO cat. (Megeath+, 2012)J/ApJ/767/36 : APEX observations of HOPS protostars (Stutz+, 2013)J/A+A/568/L5 : HH 212 CO, CS and 850um ALMA images (Codella+, 2014)J/ApJ/783/6 : Deconvolved Spitzer images of 89 protostars (Velusamy+, 2014)J/MNRAS/454/3597 : NGC 2282 BVI Ha observations (Dutta+, 2015)J/A+A/576/A109 : YSOs APEX-CHAMP^+^ high-J CO maps (Yildiz+, 2015)J/A+A/586/A149 : SiO in ATLASGAL-selected massive clumps (Csengeri+, 2016)J/A+A/587/A153 : VISION I. VISTA Orion A Survey (Meingast+, 2016)J/ApJ/823/160 : ALMA 106GHz continuum observations in Cha I (Dunham+, 2016)J/ApJS/224/5 : Herschel Orion Protostar Survey (HOPS): SEDs (Furlan+, 2016)J/A+A/594/A28 : Planck Catalog of Galactic cold clumps (PGCC) (Planck+, 2016)J/ApJ/818/73 : Study of protostars in Perseus molecular cloud (Tobin+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/52 : NIR survey of Spitzer YSOs in Orion (Kounkel+, 2016)J/MNRAS/463/1008 : LDN 1495 SCUBA-2 and Herschel data (Ward-Thompson+, 2016)J/A+A/600/A141 : Orion A integral shaped filament image (Kainulainen+, 2017)J/ApJ/864/154 : Planck cold clump G108.37-01.06 YSO candidates (Dutta+, 2018)J/AJ/156/84 : APOGEE-2 survey of Orion Complex. II. (Kounkel+, 2018)J/ApJS/236/51 : PGCCs in lambda Ori complex. II. Cores at 850um (Yi+, 2018)J/ApJS/238/19 : VANDAM IV. Protostar free-free emissions (Tychoniec+, 2018)J/A+A/636/A38 : W43-MM1 ALMA ^12^CO(2-1) datacube (Nony+, 2020)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/251/20https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/251/20http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/251/20https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/251/20https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/251/20http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/251/20GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/251/20/table1 (Details of targeted dense cores in the Orion Complex)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true82.8707916712.979766670.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/251/20/table5 (Continuum and line-emission properties of all objects)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true82.881666712.93726390.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/251/20/table6 (SED data for the continuum peak)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table6?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table6?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/251/20/table6?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true82.881645622458312.93726394985280.0055555555555555566/21396-21397 21425 21428 21430 21436 21438 22804-22805 22807 22854-22855 22861 22873 23563 23590 23597 23697 23704 23738-237392.232294361788794e-22 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/251/20?format=asciiInfraredMillimeterdefaultJ/ApJS/251/20/table1Details of targeted dense cores in the Orion ComplexSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableFullDetDetection with TM1 (12m C43-5), TM2 (12m C43-2), & 7m ACA (3)meta.notecharcontContinuum and line-emission properties and SED data for this core (link to Tables 5 and 6)meta.ref.urlintnullableACADetACA detection only (3)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRegionRegion identifier (Orion A, Orion B or lambda-Ori)meta.id;obs.fieldcharIDALMA target identifier (GLLL.ll+BB.bbWN or GLLL.ll+BB.bbWNalma)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryf_IDFlag on ID (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000[5] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainJCMTJCMT identifier (GLLL.ll+BB.bbWN)meta.id.crosscharf_JCMT[*] Flag on JCMT (2)meta.codecharFullrms[0.03/0.7] Full detection root-mean-squaremJy/beamstat.errorfloatACArms[0.24/12] ACA detection only root-mean-squarestat.errorfloatJ/ApJS/251/20/table5Continuum and line-emission properties of all objectsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableIDSource identifier (GLLL.ll+BB.bbWN or G208.89-20.04Walma)meta.id;meta.maincharDelVR[4/106]? Maximum red component outflow velocity of CO (3)km/sphys.velocintnullablef_DelVR[c] c = complex structuremeta.codecharE_DelVR[4/22]? Upper uncertainty in DelVR (3)km/sstat.error;stat.maxintnullablee_DelVR[2/24]? Lower uncertainty in DelVR (3)km/sstat.errorintnullableClass[-1/111]? Class (4)meta.code.classintnullableHOPS[10/402]? HOPS catalog identifier in Furlan+, 2016, J/ApJS/224/5meta.id.crossintnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintm_IDComponent identifier within IDmeta.code.multipcharf_ID[x] Flag on ID (1)meta.codecharRAJ2000[5] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000) (2)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000) (2)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainamaj[0/14.7] Deconvolved major Axis (2)arcsecphys.angSizefloate_amaj[0/0.7] Uncertainty in amaj (2)arcsecstat.errorfloatbmin[0/4.8] Deconvolved minor Axis (2)arcsecphys.angSize;srcfloate_bmin[0/0.6] Uncertainty in bmin (2)arcsecstat.errorfloatPA[0/174] Position angle (2)degpos.posAngfloate_PA[0/500] Uncertainty in PA (2)degstat.errorfloatF1.3[1.2/812] Integrated flux density (2)mJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzfloate_F1.3[0.04/21] Uncertainty in F1.3 (2)mJystat.errorfloatP1.3[0.2/300] Peak flux (2)mJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzfloate_P1.3[0.01/9.3] Uncertainty in P1.3 (2)mJystat.errorfloatMass[0.003/4.8] Estimated mass (2)solMassphys.massfloate_Mass[0.001/2.1] Uncertainty in Mass (2)solMassstat.error;phys.massfloatl_DelVBLimit flag on DelVBmeta.code.errorcharDelVB[2/114]? Maximum blue component outflow velocity of CO (3)km/sphys.velocintnullablef_DelVB[c] c = complex structuremeta.codecharE_DelVB[4/22]? Upper uncertainty in DelVB (3)km/sstat.error;stat.maxintnullablee_DelVB[0/20]? Lower uncertainty in DelVB (3)km/sstat.errorintnullablel_DelVRLimit flag on DelVRmeta.code.errorcharOF400[0.6/3.9]? Outflow cavity width at 400um (3)arcsecarith.factor;phys.mass.lossfloatnullablee_OF400[0.01/2.1]? Uncertainty in OF400 (3)arcsecstat.errorfloatnullableOF800[0.9/6.2]? Outflow cavity width at 800um (3)arcsecarith.factor;phys.mass.lossfloatnullablee_OF800[0.01/3.3]? Uncertainty in OF800 (3)arcsecstat.errorfloatnullableSiOSiO jet detected? (Y)es or (N)ometa.codecharTbol[15/750]? Bolometric temperature from IR dataKphys.temperatureintnullablee_Tbol[5/193]? Uncertainty in TbolKstat.errorintnullableLbol[0.1/180]? Bolometric luminosity from IR datasolLumphys.luminosityfloatnullablee_Lbol[0.1/70]? Uncertainty in LbolsolLumstat.errorfloatnullableJ/ApJS/251/20/table6SED data for the continuum peakIDSource identifier (GLLL.ll+BB.bbWN or G208.89-20.04Walma)meta.id;meta.mainchare_F10.5um[1e-05/0.009]? Uncertainty in F10.5umJystat.errordoublenullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintm_IDComponent identifier within IDmeta.code.multipcharRAJ2000[5] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.maine_F160um[0.1/42.7]? Uncertainty in F160umJystat.errordoublenullableF350um[1.1/39.6]? APEX 350um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzdoublenullablee_F350um[0.4/15.9]? Uncertainty in F350umJystat.errordoublenullableF870um[0.4/6.3]? APEX 870um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzdoublenullablee_F870um[0.08/1.3]? Uncertainty in F870umJystat.errordoublenullableF9um[0.19/13.3]? AKARI 9um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F9um[0.007/0.4]? Uncertainty in F9umJystat.errordoublenullableF18um[0.2/19.2]? AKARI 18um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F18um[0.002/0.2]? Uncertainty in F18umJystat.errordoublenullableF65um[2/51]? AKARI 65 micron band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoublenullablee_F65um[0.5/3]? Uncertainty in F65umJystat.errordoublenullableF140um[5/72]? AKARI 140 micron band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzdoublenullablee_F140um[1.6/9]? Uncertainty in F140umJystat.errordoublenullableF160umA[4.9/121]? AKARI 160um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzdoublenullablee_F160umA[8.3/29.1]? Uncertainty in F160umAJystat.errordoublenullableF24um[0.001/21.2]? Spitzer/MIPS 24um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_F24um[0.0002/1.1]? Uncertainty in F24umJystat.errordoublenullableF5.4um[0.002/0.5]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 5.4um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_F5.4um[0.0002/0.006]? Uncertainty in F5.4umJystat.errordoublenullableF6.5um[0.002/0.6]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 6.45um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_F6.5um[0.0003/0.02]? Uncertainty in F6.5umJystat.errordoublenullableF7.5um[0.0016/1]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 7.5um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_F7.5um[0.0002/0.01]? Uncertainty in F7.5umJystat.errordoublenullableF8.1um[0.0019/1.2]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 8.1um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F8.1um[5e-05/0.006]? Uncertainty in F8.1umJystat.errordoublenullableF8.6um[0.0003/0.8]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 8.6um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F8.6um[1.7e-05/0.005]? Uncertainty in F8.6umJystat.errordoublenullableF9.2um[4.4e-05/0.5]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 9.2um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F9.2um[7.4e-05/0.02]? Uncertainty in F9.2umJystat.errordoublenullableF9.8um[6.4e-05/0.6]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 9.8um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F9.8um[4e-05/0.009]? Uncertainty in F9.8umJystat.errordoublenullableF10.5um[0.0002/0.9]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 10.5um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F12.5um[3.3e-05/0.02]? Uncertainty in F12.5umJystat.errordoublenullableF14um[0.0006/3.1]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 14um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F14um[0.00013/0.04]? Uncertainty in F14umJystat.errordoublenullablee_F19um[0.001/0.06]? Uncertainty in F19umJystat.errordoublenullableF23um[0.0009/16.4]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 23um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_F23um[0.0008/0.05]? Uncertainty in F23umJystat.errordoublenullableF27um[0.019/26.7]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 27um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_F27um[0.0019/0.2]? Uncertainty in F27umJystat.errordoublenullableF31um[0.04/34.7]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 31um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoublenullablee_F31um[0.004/0.2]? Uncertainty in F31umJystat.errordoublenullableF35um[0.07/40.8]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 35um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoublenullablee_F35um[0.0005/0.2]? Uncertainty in F35umJystat.errordoublenullableF12.5um[9.5e-05/2]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 12.5um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullableSEDmeta.ref.urlcharDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainFJ2M[0.0003/0.2]? 2MASS J band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Jdoublenullablee_FJ2M[5.3e-05/0.006]? Uncertainty in FJ2MJystat.errordoublenullableFH2M[0.0004/0.91]? 2MASS H band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Hdoublenullablee_FH2M[9.4e-05/0.04]? Uncertainty in FH2MJystat.errordoublenullableFKs2M[0.0008/2.8]? 2MASS Ks band flux densityJyphot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullablee_FKs2M[8.8e-08/0.2]? Uncertainty in FKs2MJystat.errordoublenullableFJ[5e-05/5.1e-05]? UKIDSS J band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Jdoublenullablee_FJ[9.4e-06/9.9e-06]? Uncertainty in FJJystat.errordoublenullableFH[0.0002/0.003]? UKIDSS H band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.Hdoublenullablee_FH[6.2e-06/1.6e-05]? Uncertainty in FHJystat.errordoublenullableFK[5.5e-05/0.02]? UKIDSS K band flux densityJyphot.mag;em.IR.Kdoublenullablee_FK[7.4e-06/2.1e-05]? Uncertainty in FKJystat.errordoublenullableFW1[1.6e-05/7.2]? WISE 3.4um band flux densityJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoublenullablee_FW1[6.5e-06/2.1]? Uncertainty in FW1Jystat.errordoublenullableFW2[0.00013/11.8]? WISE 4.6um band flux densityJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_FW2[1.3e-05/4.5]? Uncertainty in FW2Jystat.errordoublenullableFW3[0.003/16.8]? WISE 12um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_FW3[0.0002/1.1]? Uncertainty in FW3Jystat.errordoublenullableFW4[0.002/23.6]? WISE 22um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_FW4[0.001/0.3]? Uncertainty in FW4Jystat.errordoublenullableF70um[0.4/453.6]? Herschel/PACS 70um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.60-100umdoublenullablee_F70um[0.02/22.7]? Uncertainty in F70umJystat.errordoublenullableF100um[0.7/467.6]? Herschel/PACS 100um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.60-100umdoublenullablee_F100um[0.04/23.7]? Uncertainty in F100umJystat.errordoublenullableF160um[1/426.6]? Herschel/PACS 160um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzdoublenullableF850um[0.1/10.1]? JCMT/SCUBA2 850um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzdoublenullablee_F850um[0.02/5]? Uncertainty in F850umJystat.errordoublenullableF1300um[0.001/0.9]? ALMA 1300 micron flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzdoublenullablee_F1300um[3.7e-05/0.03]? Uncertainty in F1300umJystat.errordoublenullableF3.6um[5.6e-06/0.4]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um band flux densityJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoublenullablee_F3.6um[5.8e-06/0.02]? Uncertainty in F3.6umJystat.errordoublenullableF4.5um[3.6e-06/0.8]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um band flux densityJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_F4.5um[1.7e-05/0.04]? Uncertainty in F4.5umJystat.errordoublenullableF5.8um[3e-06/1.2]? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umdoublenullablee_F5.8um[3e-05/0.06]? Uncertainty in F5.8umJystat.errordoublenullableF8um[3.5e-05/1.9]? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0um band flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoublenullablee_F8um[2.9e-05/0.1]? Uncertainty in F8umJystat.errordoublenullableF16.5um[0.003/4.7]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 16.5um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullablee_F16.5um[0.0006/0.08]? Uncertainty in F16.5umJystat.errordoublenullableF19um[0.003/8.2]? HOPS Spitzer/IRS 19um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublenullable