J/ApJS/243/5ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/243/5doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22430005CDSSchindler J.-T.Fan X.Huang Y.-H.Yue M.Yang J.Hall P.B.Wenzl L.,Hughes A.Litke K.C.Rees J.M.2022-04-04T08:26:16Z2020-02-05T13:20:20ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsredshiftedinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyWide-band photometryultraviolet-photometryspectroscopyx-ray-sourcessurveysWe present the results of the Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey in the 3{pi} survey of the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS; PS1). This effort applies the successful quasar selection strategy of the Extremely Luminous Survey in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey footprint (~12000deg^2^) to a much larger area (~21486deg^2^). This spectroscopic survey targets the most luminous quasars (M_1450_<=-26.5; m_i_<=18.5) at intermediate redshifts (z>=2.8). Candidates are selected based on a near-infrared JKW2 color cut using WISE AllWISE and 2MASS photometry to mainly reject stellar contaminants. Photometric redshifts (z_reg_) and star-quasar classifications for each candidate are calculated from near-infrared and optical photometry using the supervised machine learning technique random forests. We select 806 quasar candidates at z_reg_>=2.8 from a parent sample of 74318 sources. After exclusion of known sources and rejection of candidates with unreliable photometry, we have taken optical identification spectra for 290 of our 334 good PS-ELQS candidates. We report the discovery of 190 new z>=2.8 quasars and an additional 28 quasars at lower redshifts. A total of 44 good PS-ELQS candidates remain unobserved. Including all known quasars at z>=2.8, our quasar selection method has a selection efficiency of at least 77%. At lower declinations, -30<=DEC<=0, we approximately treble the known population of extremely luminous quasars. We provide the PS-ELQS quasar catalog with a total of 592 luminous quasars (m_i_<=18.5, z>=2.8). This unique sample will not only be able to provide constraints on the volume density and quasar clustering of extremely luminous quasars, but also offers valuable targets for studies of the intergalactic medium.2019ApJS..243....5Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/243/5CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+, 2003)VII/260 : The SDSS-DR7 quasar catalog (Schneider+, 2010)VII/269 : SDSS Quasar Catalog, DR9Q (Paris+, 2012)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+, 2013)VII/273 : The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) catalogue (Flesch, 2015)II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)VII/279 : SDSS quasar catalog: twelfth data release (Paris+, 2017)II/335 : Revised cat. of GALEX UV sources (GUVcat_AIS GR6+7) (Bianchi+ 2017)VII/283 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalog (6.3) (Flesch, 2019)J/ApJ/635/123 : The SDSS-DR3 damped Ly{alpha} survey (Prochaska+, 2005)J/AJ/133/2222 : Clustering of high-redshift QSOs from SDSS (Shen+, 2007)J/MNRAS/406/1583 : Quasar from SDSS and UKIDSS (Wu+, 2010)J/ApJ/728/23 : GALEX UV-bright high-redshift quasars (Worseck+, 2011)J/MNRAS/414/2602 : Automated classification of HIP variables (Dubath+, 2011)J/AJ/144/49 : Quasars from SDSS-DR7, WISE and UKIDSS surveys (Wu+, 2012)J/ApJ/768/105 : QSO luminosity function from SDSS Stripe 82 (McGreer+, 2013)J/ApJ/773/14 : BOSS: quasar luminosity function (Ross+, 2013)J/ApJS/219/39 : QSOs selection from SDSS and WISE (Richards+, 2015)J/A+A/584/A44 : Photometric classification of QSO from RCS-2 (Carrasco+, 2015)J/A+A/588/A103 : 2nd ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source catalog (Boller+, 2016)J/ApJS/227/11 : PS1 z>5.6 quasars follow-up (Banados+, 2016)J/MNRAS/473/4937 : AllWISE ctp to ROSAT/2RXS+XMMSLEW2 catalogs (Salvato+, 2018)J/ApJ/863/144 : ELQS in SDSS footprint. II. North Gal. Cap (Schindler+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/243/5https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/243/5http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/243/5https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/243/5https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/243/5http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/243/5GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/243/5/table7 (Full Pan-STARRS 1 Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey (PS-ELQS) quasar catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table7?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table7?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table7?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.84564216-26.055083520.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/243/5/table8 (Newly discovered quasars at z>=2.8 in the PS-ELQS sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table8?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table8?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table8?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.11284167-18.733602780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/243/5/table9 (Newly discovered quasars at z<2.8 in the PS-ELQS sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table9?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table9?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table9?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.2946958329.313261110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/243/5/table10 (Properties of the remaining good PS-ELQS candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table10?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table10?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/243/5/table10?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.008025-27.408133330.0055555555555555566/121 134 198-199 203 242 313 320 411 415 434 446 470 545 570 592 671 709 711 792 799 838 912 934 1006 2056 2118 2144 2188 2204 2268 2326 2328 2350 2447 2599 2630 2666 3423 3574 3921 3927 3955 3959 4125 4139 4267 4321 4378 4389 4451 4460 4504 4545 4556 4583 4613 4723 4763 4819 4823 4870-4871 4891 4935 4950 4955 4977 5008 5039 5124 5129 5138 5142 5159 5184 5187 5199 5234 5245 5281 5285 5306 5364 5384 5458 5476-5477 5533 5555 5563 5571 5698 5744 5807 5820 5858 5879 5888 5895 5923 5975 5991 6028 6062 6070 6077 6085 6205 6219 6247 6356 6390 6484 6530 6578 6591 6652 6745 6996 7002-7003 7039 7061 7071 7105 7108 7119 7184 7190 7211 7248 7262 7309 7318 7338 7350 7436 7444 7456 7470 7515 7558 7577 7697 7728 7741 7791 7796 7800 7803 7814 7848 7909 8139 8152 8169 8314 8344-8345 8404 8428 8491 8553 8561 8599 8627 8714 8799 8842 8861 8900 8910 9026 9080 9169-9170 9186 9201 9227 9250 9314 9343 9365 9464 9483 9525 9568 9609 9664 9703 9742 9791 9798 9806 9821 9826 9865 9900 9947-9948 9988 10014 10027 10033 10043 10131 10140 10152 10246 10292 10307 10315 10337 10405 10460 10474 10479-10480 10491 10544 10607 10629 10706 10734 10777 10786 10831 10921 10940 10996 10998 11062 11082 11084 11102 11104 11110 11180 11223 11262 11264 11268 11287 11307-11308 11319 11321 11347 11386 11415 11429 11460 11473 11489 11544 11548 11558 11561 11575 11620-11621 11721 11751 11792 11830 11854 11904 11906 11940 12004 12022 12042 12207 12231 12300 12405 12563 12591 12621 13314 13352 13413 13509 13517 15078 15347 16059 16095 16297 16299 16471 16503 16581 16589 16661 16740 16752 16816 16829 16851 16892 16921 16961 17028 17127 17129 17135 17144 17149 17284 17292 17299 17380 17511 17538 17555 17557 17586 17648 17653 17659 17662 17718 17720 17725 17735 17741 17749 17783 17785 17799 17805 17840 17911 17919 17948 17974 18007 18035 18061 18239 18261 18373 18395 18404 18429 18466 18500 18537 18642 18677 18708 18777 18820 18853 18901 18912 18987 18997 19104 19227 19329 19435 19458 19536 19560 19734 19792 19832 19917 19925 19927 19976 19979 20021 20055 20060 20066 20108 20197 20207 20239 20295 20297 20323-20324 20367 20401 20440 21033 21071 21096 21122 21162 21211 21435 21968 22618 22627 22674 22708 22714 22743 22783 22816 22913 22927 22950 22953 23107 23117 23138 23210 23225-23226 23241 23365 24924 24934 25039 25044-25045 25082 25117 25148 25154 25194 25270 25294 25307 25316 25379 25443 25463 25531 25540 25545 25555 25570 25737 25764 25807 25827 25902 25914 25953 25955 25977 26024 26167 26195 26213 26373 26398 26427 26453 26567 26682 26708 26723 26747-26748 26757 26770 26785 26859 26862 26870 26883 26895 26928 26931 26974 26992 27083 27092 27146 27186 27278 27341 27365 27416 27424 27429-27430 27549 27578 27608 27628 27632 27756 27790 27834 27838 27845-27846 27855 27868 27917 27962 28005 28074 28082 28095 28102 28113 28139 28169 28174 28213 28229 28251 28281 28298 28330 28359 28389 28416 28442 28448 28453 28479 28482-28483 28520 28554 28558 28563 28572 28607 28610 28615 28648 28669 29971 30004 30024 30746 30753 30771 30836 30858 30873 31083 31261 31285-31286 31297 31313 31316 31342 31451 31495 31506 31514 31589 31638 31721 32395 32466 32562 32567 32638 32661 32665 32697 32722-32723 32760 32765 34646 34739 34760 35698 35711 35737 35772 36087 36117 36120 36198 36271 36307 36319 36324 36333 36345 36356 36466 36470 36500 36506 36522 36551 36571 36610 36676 36747 36767 38741 38871 38878 38890 38902 40247 40372 40777 40779 40784 43867 43949 44002 44217 44260 44323 44340 44411 44476 44552 44581 44653 44755 44833 44873 44946 44977 46946 46964 47052 47060 47094 48071 48222-48223 48293 48327 48339 48367 48425 48477 48566 48610 48641 48654 48657 48661 48681 48686 48834 48845 48984 49072 49118-49119 49124 49131https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/243/5?format=asciiX-rayUVOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJS/243/5/table7Full Pan-STARRS 1 Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey (PS-ELQS) quasar catalogSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablef_XMM[1]? XMM-match flag (4)meta.codefloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNDisplay the data for this newly discovered z>=2.8 quasar (link to Table 8)meta.ref.urlintnullableRAJ2000PS1 Right Ascension, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000PS1 Declination, decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainRAPPS1 Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.raDEPPS1 Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.decRAAdegALLWISE Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDEAdegALLWISE Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decz[2.8/5.1] Best redshift of the quasar, from Refsrc.redshiftfloat1450Mag[-30.7/-26.7] Absolute magnitude, 1450{AA} (G1)magphys.magAbsfloatgmag[16.3/22.2] Dereddened AB magnitude, PS1 g bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag[0.002/0.1] 1{sigma} uncertainty in gmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublermagDereddened AB magnitude, PS1 r bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag1{sigma} uncertainty in rmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleimagDereddened AB magnitude, PS1 i bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag1{sigma} uncertainty in imagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublezmagDereddened AB magnitude, PS1 z bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag1{sigma} uncertainty in zmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleymagDereddened AB magnitude, PS1 y bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_ymag1{sigma} uncertainty in ymagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IRdoubleJmag[14.2/18.4] Dereddened AB magnitude, 2MASS J bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag[0.02/0.3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableHmagDereddened AB magnitude, 2MASS H bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_Hmag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKsmagDereddened AB magnitude, 2MASS Ks bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Ksmag? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Ksmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableW1mag[13.7/18.4] Dereddened AB magnitude, WISE W1 bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag[0.02/0.3] 1{sigma} uncertainty in W1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatW2magDereddened AB magnitude, WISE W2 bandmagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_W2mag1{sigma} uncertainty in W2magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatE(B-V)[0.006/1] E(B-V) color excessmagphot.color.excessdoubleSepG[0.19/1.8]? Match distance, GALEX GR6/7 to SDSSarcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullableNUVmag[19.6/23.8]? GALEX near-UV magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.UVdoublenullablee_NUVmag[0.01/0.6]? Error on NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableFUVmag[20.5/23.5]? GALEX far-UV magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.UVdoublenullablee_FUVmag[0.03/0.7]? Error on FUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableSepT[0/5.6e-14]? Match distance, ELQS AllWISE to ROSAT 2RXS AllWISE (2)arcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullablef_TRXS[1/2]? TRXS-match flag (3)meta.codefloatnullableF2RXS[1.7e-13/3.7e-12]? 2RXS flux, in erg/s/cm2 unitsmW.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-raydoublenullablee_F2RXS? Error on F2RXSmW.m**-2stat.errordoublenullableSepX[0/3e-14]? Match distance, ELQS AllWISE to XMMSL2 AllWISEarcsecpos.angDistancedoublenullableFB8[0.6/13]? Total band (0.2-12.0keV) flux, in 10-12erg/s/cm2 units1e-15W.m**-2meta.unit;phot.fluxdoublenullablee_FB8[0.3/4]? Error on FB81e-15W.m**-2stat.errordoublenullableFB7[24.562504]? Hard band (2.0-12.0keV) flux, in 10-12erg/s/cm2 units1e-15W.m**-2meta.unit;phot.fluxdoublenullablee_FB7[8.582023]? Error on FB71e-15W.m**-2stat.errordoublenullableFB6[0.2/2.3]? Soft band (0.2-2.0keV) flux, in 10-12erg/s/cm2 units1e-15W.m**-2meta.unit;phot.fluxdoublenullablee_FB6[0.1/1]? Error on FB61e-15W.m**-2stat.errordoublenullablePS1Display the PS1 data (II/349) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri+ 2003, II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharWISEAWISE AllWISE survey designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRefReference, quasar classification (1)meta.refcharGALEXBoolean, successful match with GALEX GR6/7meta.codecharTRXSBoolean, successful match with ROSAT 2RXS AllWISEmeta.codecharXMMBoolean, successful match with XMMSL2 AllWISEmeta.codecharJ/ApJS/243/5/table8Newly discovered quasars at z>=2.8 in the PS-ELQS samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimag[16.4/18.5] Dereddened AB magnitude, PS1 i bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0/0.04] 1{sigma} uncertainty in imag-PSmagstat.error;phot.magdouble1450Mag[-29.4/-22.3] Absolute magnitude, 1450{AA} (G1)magphys.magAbsfloatzspec[0.3/4.9] Spectroscopic redshift, this worksrc.redshiftfloatNUVmag[20.1/23]? GALEX near-UV magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_NUVmag[0.09/0.5]? Error on NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableFUVmag[20.5/22.6]? GALEX far-UV magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_FUVmag[0.1/0.6]? Error on FUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableDateObservation datetime.epoch;obsnullableFlag[cd] Flag (1)meta.code.errorcharPS1Display the PS1 data (II/349) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJS/243/5/table9Newly discovered quasars at z<2.8 in the PS-ELQS sampleSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimag[16.4/18.5] Dereddened AB magnitude, PS1 i bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0/0.04] 1{sigma} uncertainty in imag-PSmagstat.error;phot.magdouble1450Mag[-29.4/-22.3] Absolute magnitude, 1450{AA} (G1)magphys.magAbsfloatzspec[0.3/4.9] Spectroscopic redshift, this worksrc.redshiftfloatNUVmag[20.1/23]? GALEX near-UV magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_NUVmag[0.09/0.5]? Error on NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableFUVmag[20.5/22.6]? GALEX far-UV magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_FUVmag[0.1/0.6]? Error on FUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableDateObservation datetime.epoch;obsnullableFlag[cd] Flag (1)meta.code.errorcharPS1Display the PS1 data (II/349) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJS/243/5/table10Properties of the remaining good PS-ELQS candidatesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimag[17.2/18.5] Dereddened AB magnitude, PS1 i bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.002/0.02] 1{sigma} uncertainty in imag-PSmagstat.error;phot.magdoublezphot[2.8/4.5] Photometric redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatzprob[0.47/1] Random forest pseudo-probability of being a quasarsstat.fit.goodnessfloatzclassMost likely redshift class ("highz" or "midz")src.classcharPrior[1/5] Priority (1)meta.code.classintPS1Display the PS1 data (II/349) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlchar