J/ApJS/235/15ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/235/15doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22350015CDSLi Y.Li F.-C.Xu Y.Wang C.Du X.-Y.Yang W.Yang J.2025-05-22T20:13:52Z2023-10-09T12:41:38ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmolecular-cloudsinterstellar-mediumco-line-emissiongalaxy-planesmilky-way-galaxyWe present a large-scale survey of CO outflows in the Gem OB1 molecular cloud complex and its surroundings, using the Purple Mountain Observatory Delingha 13.7m telescope. A total of 198 outflow candidates were identified over a large area (~58.5deg^2^), of which 193 are newly detected. Approximately 68% (134/198) are associated with the Gem OB1 molecular cloud complex, including clouds GGMC 1, GGMC 2, BFS 52, GGMC 3, and GGMC 4. Other regions studied are: the Local arm (Local Lynds, West Front), Swallow, Horn, and Remote cloud. Outflow candidates in GGMC 1, BFS 52, and Swallow are mainly located at ring-like or filamentary structures. To avoid excessive uncertainty in distant regions (>~3.8kpc), we only estimated the physical parameters for clouds in the Gem OB1 molecular cloud complex and in the Local arm. In those clouds, the total kinetic energy and the energy injection rate of the identified outflow candidates are <~1% and <~3% of the turbulent energy and the turbulent dissipation rate of each cloud, indicating that the identified outflow candidates cannot provide enough energy to balance turbulence of their host cloud at the scale of the entire cloud (several to dozens of parsecs). The gravitational binding energy of each cloud is >~135 times the total kinetic energy of the identified outflow candidates within the corresponding cloud, indicating that the identified outflow candidates cannot cause major disruptions to the integrity of their host cloud at the scale of the entire cloud.2018ApJS..235...15Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/235/15CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/20 : Catalogue of HII Regions (Sharpless 1959)VII/50 : CO Radial Velocities Toward Galactic H II Regions (Blitz+ 1982)VIII/39 : Composite CO Survey of the Milky Way (Dame+ 1987)J/A+A/426/503 : Cat. of high velocity molecular outflows (Update) (Wu+ 2004)J/A+A/472/187 : 12CO outflows towards submm cores in Perseus (Hatchell+, 2007)J/ApJ/688/1142 : Star formation in W5: Spitzer observations (Koenig+, 2008)J/ApJS/181/321 : Properties of Spitzer c2d dark clouds (Evans+, 2009)J/ApJS/186/259 : Taurus Spitzer survey: new candidate members (Rebull+, 2010)J/MNRAS/418/2121 : CO 3-2 observations of outflows in W5 (Ginsburg+, 2011)J/MNRAS/432/3445 : YSOs on HII complex Sh2-252 (Jose+, 2013)J/A+A/556/A65 : LDN 1570 BV(RI)c polarisation & photometry (Eswaraiah+, 2013)J/ApJ/774/22 : CO observations of YSOs in NGC 1333 (Plunkett+, 2013)J/A+A/569/A11 : G35.20-0.74N cont. and line data cubes (Sanchez-Monge+, 2014)J/ApJS/219/20 : Outflows and bubbles in Taurus (Li+, 2015)J/A+A/594/A28 : Planck Catalog of Galactic cold clumps (PGCC) (Planck+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/235/15https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/235/15http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/235/15https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/235/15https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/235/15http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/235/15GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/235/15/table12 (Outflow statistics)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/235/15/table12?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/235/15/table12?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/235/15/table12?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true92.1851417.307810.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/235/15/table13 (Physical properties of the outflow samples)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/235/15/table13?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/235/15/table13?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/235/15/table13?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true92.1851417.307810.0055555555555555565/5986 6/23771-23773 23775 23793 23796-23798 23807 23950 23968-23970 23972 23974 23977-23980 23982-23983 23994 24151 24157 24320-24322 24324-24325 24332https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/235/15?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/ApJS/235/15/table1Distances and velocity ranges (^13^CO) of the 10 sub-regionsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRegSub-region identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryDistDistancekpcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatu_Dist[?] ?=the distances are undetermined (1)meta.code.errorcharVel1[-5/16] 13CO lower velocity rangekm/sphys.velocintVel2[7/28] 13CO upper velocity rangekm/sphys.velocintRefReference(s) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharNoNumber of outflow candidates for this region (link to Table 12)meta.numberintnullablePropProperties of the outflow candidates for this region (link to Table 13)meta.ref.urlintnullableJ/ApJS/235/15/table12Outflow statistics_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decindexedRegSub-region identifier as in Table 1meta.id.parentcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentifiermeta.id;meta.maincharGLON[187/195.1] Galactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLAT[-3.4/1.8] Galactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latbLWVel1[-7/21.3]? Blue line wing velocity lower rangekm/sphys.velocfloatnullablebLWVel2[-3.5/23.1]? Blue line wing velocity upper rangekm/sphys.velocfloatnullablerLWVel1[1.5/27.5]? Red line wing velocity lower rangekm/sphys.velocfloatnullablerLWVel2[3/30]? Red line wing velocity upper rangekm/sphys.velocfloatnullableQb-QrBlue-Red quality level flag (A=most reliable) (1)meta.code.qualcharWISE?WISE detection?meta.codecharNew?New detection?meta.codecharr_New?Reference if not new (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/ApJS/235/15/table13Physical properties of the outflow samplesRegSub-region identifier as in Table 1meta.id.parentchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decindexedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDIdentifiermeta.id;meta.maincharLobeLobe: "Red" or "Blue"meta.notecharGLON[187/194.7] Galactic longitudedegpos.galactic.lonGLAT[-3.4/1.8] Galactic latitudedegpos.galactic.latDelV[1/7.1] Lobe velocity, <{Delta}{nu}_lobe_>km/sphys.velocfloatllobe[0.28/5.7] Length, l_lobe_pcpos.distance;phys.sizefloatMlobe[0.02/11.4] MasssolMassphys.massfloatPlobe[0.05/53.2] Momentum, P_lobe_solMass.km/sarith.factor;phys.mass.lossfloatElobe[0.06/365] Kinetic energy1e+36Jphys.energyfloattlobe[0.4/22.3] Dynamical timescale100000yrtime.scalefloatLlobe[0.1/358] Luminosity, L_lobe_1e+23Wphys.luminosity;em.radiofloat