J/ApJS/218/1ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/218/1doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.22180001CDSMerello M.Evans II N.J.Shirley Y.L.Rosolowsky E.Ginsburg A.,Bally J.Battersby C.Dunham M.M.2019-06-05T12:14:07Z2015-07-22T13:07:57ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsurveysmillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomyWe present 107 maps of continuum emission at 350{mu}m from Galactic molecular clumps. Observed sources were mainly selected from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) catalog, with three additional maps covering star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy. The higher resolution of the SHARC-II images (8.5" beam) compared with the 1.1mm images from BGPS (33" beam) allowed us to identify a large population of smaller substructures within the clumps. A catalog is presented for the 1386 sources extracted from the 350{mu}m maps. The color temperature distribution of clumps based on the two wavelengths has a median of 13.3K and mean of 16.3+/-0.4K, assuming an opacity law index of 1.7. For the structures with good determination of color temperatures, the mean ratio of gas temperature, determined from NH_3_ observations, to dust color temperature is 0.88 and the median ratio is 0.76. About half the clumps have more than 2 substructures and 22 clumps have more than 10. The fraction of the mass in dense substructures seen at 350{mu}m compared to the mass of their parental clump is ~0.19, and the surface densities of these substructures are, on average, 2.2 times those seen in the clumps identified at 1.1mm. For a well-characterized sample, 88 structures (31%) exceed a surface density of 0.2g/cm2, and 18 (6%) exceed 1.0g/cm2, thresholds for massive star formation suggested by theorists.2015ApJS..218....1Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJS/218/1CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/799/29 : BGPS. XII. DR2 distance catalog (Ellsworth-Bowers+, 2015)J/ApJS/209/2 : The BGPS. X. Dense molecular gas (Shirley+, 2013)J/A+A/559/A79 : IRDC APEX/SABOCA observations (Ragan+, 2013)J/ApJ/772/45 : Hi-GAL obs.: third quadrant star formation (Elia+, 2013)J/ApJ/770/39 : BGPS. VIII. MIR kinematic distances (Ellsworth-Bowers+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A45 : ATLASGAL Compact Source Catalog: 330<l<21 (Contreras+, 2013)J/A+A/544/A146 : ATLASGAL cold high-mass clumps with NH_3_ (Wienen+, 2012)J/ApJ/741/110 : The BGPS. VII. Massive star-forming regions (Dunham+, 2011)J/ApJS/195/14 : Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS). V. (Schlingman+, 2011)J/ApJ/721/137 : The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) (Bally+, 2010)J/ApJS/188/123 : The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey. II. (Rosolowsky+, 2010)J/ApJ/715/310 : Early stages of star formation in IRDCs (Rathborne+, 2010)J/AJ/138/1380 : Dust clumps in the Galactic Plane (Matthews+, 2009)J/AJ/133/1560 : Spitzer c2d small clouds and cores (Wu+, 2007)J/ApJ/641/389 : Millimetric observations of IRDC cores (Rathborne+, 2006)J/ApJ/639/227 : MSX IRDC candidate catalog (Simon+, 2006)J/ApJS/161/361 : Millimeter continuum survey for protoclusters (Klein+, 2005)J/A+A/426/97 : SIMBA survey. 1.2-mm/IRAS sources (Faundez+, 2004)J/A+A/291/943 : Protostellar cores (Ossenkopf+, 1994)http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/BOLOCAM_GPS/ : NASA/IRSA Bolocam GPS archivehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/218/1https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/218/1http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJS/218/1https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/218/1https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/218/1http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJS/218/1GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJS/218/1/table3 (Properties of sources recovered in the 350um maps)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/218/1/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/218/1/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/218/1/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true266.424623-28.946420.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJS/218/1/table5 (BGPS V2.1 sources fluxes and fitted dust temperature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/218/1/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/218/1/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJS/218/1/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true266.3499-28.9020.0055555555555555566/1330 1344 1839 1925 1930 3198 3290 3301 3302 3303 3309 3310 3320 3649 14307 14308 14309 14311 14316 14317 14621 14622 14623 14644 14666 14667 14670 14671 14682 14683 14689 14692 14693 14704 21430 21447 21458 22045 22855 23637 23639 23764 23969 23980 23982 24324 24325 24365 24554 28827 28830 28831 29532 29533 30218 30219 30259 30262 30268 30269 303181.8058623843283312e-22 5.675559809562688e-22https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJS/218/1?format=asciiMillimeterdefaultJ/ApJS/218/1/table3Properties of sources recovered in the 350um mapsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/1386] Running sequence numbermeta.idintSHARCSource identifier (GLLL.llll+BB.bbbb) (1)meta.id;meta.maincharGLONGalactic longitude of peak intensitydegpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic latitude of peak intensitydegpos.galactic.latGLONcGalactic longitude of emission centroiddegpos.galactic.lonGLATcGalactic latitude of emission centroiddegpos.galactic.latdoubleamaj[3/28] Major axis 1/e width of sourcearcsecphys.angSizeintamin[2/17] Minor axis 1/e width of sourcearcsecphys.angSizeintPA[0/180] Position angledegpos.posAnginttheta[2/46]? Deconvolved angular size {theta}arcsecphys.angSizeintnullableS20[0.8/1429] 350um flux densities derived for 20" apertureJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzfloate_S20? Error in S20Jystat.errorfloatnullableS40[-11/2336] 350um flux densities derived for 40" apertureJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzfloate_S40? Error in S40Jystat.errorfloatnullableS[0.5/4331] Integrated 350um flux densityJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzfloate_S? Error in SJystat.errorfloatnullableTypeType of substructure (C=compact or F=faint) (2)meta.codecharNsSource in the BGPS v2.1 catalog within 33" (620 sources)meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.ranullableindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decnullableindexedJ/ApJS/218/1/table5BGPS V2.1 sources fluxes and fitted dust temperatureT1.0[4.1/1000]? The {beta}=1.0 dust temperature (2)Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablel_T1.0M[>] Limit flag on T1.0Mmeta.code.errorcharT1.0m[3/1000]? Lower limit on T1.0Kphys.temperaturefloatnullableT1.0M[3/1000]? Upper limit on T1.0Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBGPSBGPS source identifier (GLLL.lll+BB.bbb) in the V2.1 catalogmeta.id;meta.maincharF1.1[0.02/25] The 1.1mm flux in 40" aperture from BGPS V1.0 catalogJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.200-400GHzfloate_F1.1Error in F1.1Jystat.errorfloatF350[-5.8/2446] Convolved 350um flux in 40" aperture (1)Jyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzfloate_F350Error F350Jystat.errorfloatl_T1.0[>] Limit flag on T1.0meta.code.errorcharl_T1.0m[>] Limit flag on T1.0mmeta.code.errorcharl_T1.7[>] Limit flag on T1.7meta.code.errorcharT1.7[3.7/1000]? The {beta}=1.7 dust temperature (2)Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablel_T1.7M[>] Limit flag on T1.7Mmeta.code.errorcharT1.7M[2/1000]? Upper limit on T1.7Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablel_T1.7m[>] Limit flag on T1.7mmeta.code.errorcharT1.7m[2/1000]? Lower limit on T1.7Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablel_T2.0[>] Limit flag on T2.0meta.code.errorcharT2.0[3.5/1000]? The {beta}=2.0 dust temperature (2)Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablel_T2.0M[>] Limit flag on T2.0Mmeta.code.errorcharT2.0M[2/1000]? Upper limit on T2.0Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablel_T2.0m[>] Limit flag on T2.0mmeta.code.errorcharT2.0m[2/1000]? Lower limit on T2.0Kphys.temperaturefloatnullablepPSource in BGPS papers II, V, VI and XII (Rosolowsky+ 2010, J/ApJS/188/123; Schlingman+ 2011, J/ApJS/195/14; Dunham+ 2011, J/ApJ/731/90 and Ellsworth-Bowers, 2015, J/ApJ/799/29) within 33"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from BGPS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from BGPS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main