J/ApJ/949/18ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/949/18CDSJia S.Xu N.Lu J.R.Chu D.S.O'Neil K.K.Drechsler W.B.,Hosek M.W.J.Sakai S.Do T.Ciurlo A.Gautam A.K.Ghez A.M.,Becklin E.Morris M.R.Bentley R.O.2025-08-01T08:20:05Z2025-07-21T12:24:41ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalactic-centerinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyradial-velocityproper-motionsinfrared-photometryWe measure the 3D kinematic structures of the young stars within the central 0.5pc of our Galactic Center using the 10m telescopes of the W. M. Keck Observatory over a time span of 25yr. Using high-precision measurements of positions on the sky and proper motions and radial velocities from new observations and the literature, we constrain the orbital parameters for each young star. Our results show two statistically significant substructures: a clockwise stellar disk with 18 candidate stars, as has been proposed before, but with an improved disk membership; and a second, almost edge-on plane of 10 candidate stars oriented east-west on the sky that includes at least one IRS 13 star. We estimate the eccentricity distribution of each substructure and find that the clockwise disk has <e>=0.39 and the edge-on plane has <e>=0.68. We also perform simulations of each disk/plane with incompleteness and spatially variable extinction to search for asymmetry. Our results show that the clockwise stellar disk is consistent with a uniform azimuthal distribution within the disk. The edge-on plane has an asymmetry that cannot be explained by variable extinction or incompleteness in the field. The orientation, asymmetric stellar distribution, and high eccentricity of the edge-on plane members suggest that this structure may be a stream associated with the IRS 13 group. The complex dynamical structure of the young nuclear cluster indicates that the star formation process involved complex gas structures and dynamics and is inconsistent with a single massive gaseous disk.2023ApJ...949...18Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/949/18CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/643/1011 : Early-type stars in the center of the Galaxy (Paumard+, 2006)J/ApJ/697/1741 : Warped disks of YSOs in Galactic center (Bartko+, 2009)J/ApJ/703/1323 : Sp. of stars in the Galaxy's nuclear cluster (Do+ 2009)J/A+A/502/91 : Proper motions of stars near SgrA* (Schoedel+, 2009)J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)J/A+A/511/A18 : NIR observations of stars near SgrA* (Schoedel+, 2010)J/other/Sci/337.444 : RV curves of Galactic massive O stars (Sana+, 2012)J/ApJ/764/154 : Stellar populations in the central 0.5pc. I. (Do+, 2013)J/ApJ/783/131 : Kinematic of stars in Galactic center (Yelda+, 2014)J/A+A/584/A2 : KMOS view of the Galactic centre. I. (Feldmeier-Krause+, 2015)J/ApJ/808/106 : NIR spectroscopic obs. in the Galactic Center (Stostad+, 2015)J/ApJ/825/19 : Mass & radii for planets with Rp<4 (Wolfgang+, 2016)J/A+A/610/A83 : GALACTICNUCLEUS: JHKs imaging survey (Nogueras-Lara+, 2018)J/ApJ/873/65 : Keck/NIRC2 obs. of the Galactic Center (Sakai+, 2019)J/AJ/159/63 : New AO obs. of exoplanets & BD companions (Bowler+, 2020)J/ApJ/932/L6 : Young stars in the Galactic Center (von Fellenberg+, 2022)J/ApJ/948/94 : Binary stars from long-term obs. of the GC (Chu+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/949/18https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/949/18http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/949/18https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/949/18https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/949/18http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/949/18GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/949/18/sample (Radial velocities (Table 7) and proper motion of stars in our (Table 8))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/18/sample?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/18/sample?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/18/sample?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true266.4167875-29.00781110.0055555555555555566/28830https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/949/18?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/949/18/sampleRadial velocities (Table 7) and proper motion of stars in our (Table 8)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPMmDisplay the disk membership (link to Table 3)meta.ref.urlchare_RVg[4/72]? RVg uncertaintykm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryf_RVg[*] *: stars with multiple measurements in our database; only one measurement is shown heremeta.code;spect.dopplerVeloccharn_RVNote on RVmeta.note;spect.dopplerVeloccharr_RVReference(s) for final RV_use_ (1)meta.ref;spect.dopplerVeloccharWRWolf-Rayet star?meta.code;src.classcharDataThe available data for each star (2)meta.bibcharRVg[-1054/631]? RV measurement from our Galactic Center OSIRIS Wide-field Survey (GCOWS) databasekm/sspect.dopplerVelocintnullablet0g[2002.4/2019.4]? Epoch, t0_GCOWS_yrtime.epochfloatnullable[PGM2006]ID from Paumard+ 2006, J/ApJ/643/1011 (P06)meta.id.crosscharRVP06[-1060/610]? RV measurements from P06km/sspect.dopplerVelocintnullablee_RVP06[20/150]? RVP06 uncertaintykm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintnullableRVB09[-557/536]? RV measurements from Bartko+ 2009, J/ApJ/697/1741km/sspect.dopplerVelocintnullablee_RVB09[6/100]? RVB09 uncertaintykm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintnullable[FNS2015][64/2233]? ID from Feldmeier-Krause+ 2015, J/A+A/584/A2 (F15)meta.id.crossintnullableRVF15[-229/277]? RV measurements from F15km/sspect.dopplerVelocintnullablee_RVF15[-120/211]? RVF15 uncertaintykm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintnullableRV[-542/536]? Final radial velocity used, RV_use_km/sspect.dopplerVelocintnullablee_RV[2/211]? RV uncertaintykm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocintnullableKpmag[9.1/16.2] Kp band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatKpmag0[9.2/16.7] Extinction-corrected Kp band magnitude to Aks=2.7magphot.mag.reddFree;em.IR.KfloataR[-168/21.3]? {alpha}_R_ parameter (1)km.s**-1.yr**-1src.orbitalfloatnullablee_aR[0.08/18]? aR uncertaintykm.s**-1.yr**-1stat.error;src.orbitalfloatnullablex0[-11/12]? x0 parameterarcsecsrc.orbital;pos.pmfloatnullablee_x0[1e-05/0.007]? x0 uncertaintyarcsecstat.error;src.orbital;pos.pmdoublenullabley0[-11.6/12.3]? y0 parameterarcsecsrc.orbital;pos.pmfloatnullablee_y0[2e-05/0.1]? y0 uncertaintyarcsecstat.error;src.orbital;pos.pmdoublenullablevx[-14.01/32.4]? vx parametermas/yrsrc.orbital;pos.pmfloatnullablee_vx[0.01/2.2]? vx uncertaintymas/yrstat.error;src.orbital;pos.pmfloatnullablevy[-29/16.1]? vy parametermas/yrsrc.orbital;pos.pmfloatnullablee_vy[0.01/2.3]? vy uncertaintymas/yrstat.error;src.orbital;pos.pmfloatnullablet0[2002.2/2015.5]? Epochyrtime.epochfloatnullableSource[1/3]? Reference for the final proper motion (2)meta.code;instrintnullableB09Display data from Bartko+ 2009, J/ApJ/697/1741 within 0.1"meta.ref.urlintnullableS19Display data from Sakai+ 2019, J/ApJ/873/65 if anymeta.ref.urlintnullablePapIDisplay data from Paper I (Do+ 2013, J/ApJ/764/154) if anymeta.ref.urlintnullableD09Display data from Do+ 2019, J/ApJ/703/1323 if anymeta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/ApJ/949/18/table3Disk membershiprecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharPdisk1[0/0.76] Disk1 probability membership (1)stat.probability;meta.code.memberfloatPPlane2[0/1] Plane2 probability membership (1)stat.probability;meta.code.memberfloatSA[0/1.4] Solid angle measured at the contour where the disk density drops to half of the peak value (see Section 4.2)phys.areafloat