J/ApJ/949/110ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/949/110CDSTak D.Uhm Z.L.Racusin J.Zhang B.Guiriec S.Kocevski D.,Zhang B.-B.McEnery J.2025-09-01T07:18:35Z2025-08-29T07:31:20ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgamma-ray-astronomygamma-ray-burstsWe perform a detailed analysis of broad pulses in bright gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to understand the evolution of GRB broad pulses. Using the temporal and spectral properties, we test the high-latitude emission (HLE) scenario in the decaying phase of broad pulses. The HLE originates from the curvature effect of a relativistic spherical jet, where higher-latitude photons are delayed and softer than the observer's line-of-sight emission. The signature of HLE has not yet been identified undisputedly during the prompt emission of GRBs. The HLE theory predicts a specific relation, F_{nu},Ep_{propto}E_p_^2^, between the peak energy Ep in {nu}F{nu} spectra and the spectral flux F{nu} measured at Ep, F_{nu},Ep_. We search for evidence of this relation in 2157 GRBs detected by the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope from 2008 to 2017. After imposing unbiased selection criteria in order to minimize contamination in a signal by background and overlaps of pulses, we build a sample of 32 broad pulses in 32 GRBs. We perform a time-resolved spectral analysis on each of these 32 broad pulses and find that the evolution of 18 pulses (56%) is clearly consistent with the HLE relation. For the 18 broad pulses, the exponent {delta} in the relation of F_{nu},Ep_{propto}Ep^{delta}^ is distributed as a Gaussian function with a median and width of 1.99 and 0.34, respectively. This result provides a constraint on the emission radius of GRBs with the HLE signature.2023ApJ...949..110Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/949/110CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/740/104 : BATSE GRB pulse catalog - preliminary data (Hakkila+, 2011)J/ApJ/756/112 : Fermi/GBM GRB time-resolved spectral analysis (Lu+, 2012)J/ApJS/211/13 : The second Fermi/GBM GRB catalog (4yr) (von Kienlin+, 2014)J/A+A/588/A135 : Fermi/GBM GRB time-resolved spectral catalog (Yu+, 2016)J/ApJ/865/153 : Analysis of Fermi GRB data. IV. Spectral lags (Lu+, 2018)J/ApJ/893/46 : The 4th Fermi-GBM GRB catalog: 10 years (von Kienlin+, 2020)http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/fermi/fermigbrst.html : Fermi GBM bursthttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/949/110https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/949/110http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/949/110https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/949/110https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/949/110http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/949/110GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/949/110/table1 (Spectral analysis parameters for selected GRBs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/110/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/110/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/110/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true250.518.40.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/949/110/table2 (Parameters related to selection criteria)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/110/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/110/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/949/110/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true176.83237-60.241080.0055555555555555566/240 607 1918 2414 2507 2540 2943 3109 3316 3553 3586 3602 3861 3881 3906 4228 4693 4902 5051 5481 6214 6802 6992 7055 7176 7332 7370 7750 7886 8976 9060 9276 9431 9488 9662 9827 10565 11151 11304 12170 12425 12826 13191 13215 13350 13779 13870 14065 14448 14516 14624 14655 14810 15553 16037 16187 16282 16367 16433 16661 17163 17464 17982 18133 18538 18697 18783 18897 18901 19097 20885 21284 21317 21461 21482 21595 21737 22299 22478 22566 22590 22595 23006 23576 24027 24378 25467 25710 25761 26215 26365 27337 27411 27541 27764 27810 27837 27895 27961-27962 28555 28959 29179 29731 29937 30051 30532 30595 31120 31261 31273 31547 32419 32646 32886 33240 33304 33583 33616 34461 34619 34933 34952 35533 35764 36442 36858 37046 37505 37628 37873 37910 38092 38145 38235 38319 38388 38652 38944 39007 39304 39491 39594 40293 40957 41541-41542 41729 42066 42710 42761 43229 43278 43547 43892 44223 44617 45137 45373 45391 45401 45483 45835 46212 46710 46813 46839 47427 47856 47911 48013 48171 48934 48953 49089https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/949/110?format=asciiGamma-raydefaultJ/ApJ/949/110/table1Spectral analysis parameters for selected GRBsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameGRB name (GRB YYMMDDA) (1)meta.idcharPStart[-0.82/72.8] Pulse startstime.startfloatAStart[0.17/78] Analysis startstime.startfloatAEnd[5.17/186] Analysis endstime.endfloatNbins[9/29] Number of binsmeta.numberintHLEHigh-latitude emission (HLE) evidencemeta.notecharPLInd[1.7/2.4]? PL indexspect.indexfloatnullablee_PLInd[0.2/1.4]? PLInd uncertaintystat.error;spect.indexfloatnullableChi2[0.1/1.8]? {chi}^2^_{nu}_stat.fit.chi2floatnullableFermiTrigger name as in Table 2; column added by CDSmeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/949/110/table2Parameters related to selection criteriarecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFermiTrigger namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryFlu[2.5/141.2] Fluence; 10^-5^erg/cm^2^1e-08J.m**-2phot.fluence;em.gamma.hardfloatFluxPk[1.8/176.0] Peak flux; 10^-6^erg/cm^2^/s1e-06mW.m**-2phot.flux.density;em.gamma.hard;stat.maxfloatFluPer[9/100] Percentage fluence%phot.fluence;arith.ratio;em.gamma.hardinttRise[0.2/61.0] Rise timestime.epochfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchartDecay[0.3/83.2] Decay timestime.epochfloattBumps[0.0/60.0] Bumps timestime.epochfloatC1First criteria (1)meta.codecharC2Second criteria (1)meta.codecharC3Third criteria (1)meta.codecharC4Fourth criteria (1)meta.codecharFinalFinal results ("O"=32 occurrences)meta.codecharGBM4Display data from the 4th Fermi-GBM GRB catalog (von Kienlin+ 2020, J/ApJ/893/46)meta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main