J/ApJ/946/L4ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/946/L4doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19469004CDSHobson M.J.Jordan A.Bryant E.M.Brahm R.Bayliss D.Hartman J.D.,Bakos G.A.Henning T.Almenara J.M.Barkaoui K.Benkhaldoun Z.,Bonfils X.Bouchy F.Charbonneau D.Cointepas M.Collins K.A.,Eastman J.D.Ghachoui M.Gillon M.Goeke R.F.Horne K.Irwin J.M.,Jehin E.Jenkins J.M.Latham D.W.Moldovan D.Murgas F.,Pozuelos F.J.Ricker G.R.Schwarz R.P.Seager S.Srdoc G.,Striegel S.Timmermans M.Vanderburg A.Vanderspek R.Winn J.N.2025-05-21T20:15:12Z2025-03-04T14:35:50ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frm-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryexoplanetsWe present the discovery of TOI-3235 b, a short-period Jupiter orbiting an M dwarf with a stellar mass close to the critical mass at which stars transition from partially to fully convective. TOI-3235 b was first identified as a candidate from TESS photometry and confirmed with radial velocities from ESPRESSO and ground-based photometry from HATSouth, MEarth-South, TRAPPIST-South, LCOGT, and ExTrA. We find that the planet has a mass of 0.665+/-0.025M_J_ and a radius of 1.017+/-0.044R_J_. It orbits close to its host star, with an orbital period of 2.5926 days but has an equilibrium temperature of ~604K, well below the expected threshold for radius inflation of hot Jupiters. The host star has a mass of 0.3939+/-0.0030M_{sun}_, a radius of 0.3697+/-0.0018R_{sun}_, an effective temperature of 3389K, and a J-band magnitude of 11.706+/-0.025. Current planet formation models do not predict the existence of gas giants such as TOI-3235 b around such low-mass stars. With a high transmission spectroscopy metric, TOI-3235 b is one of the best-suited giants orbiting M dwarfs for atmospheric characterization.2023ApJ...946L...4Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/946/L4CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)I/354 : StarHorse2, Gaia EDR3 photo-astrometric distances (Anders+, 2022)VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC) (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/A+A/327/1039 : Structure and evolution of low-mass stars (Chabrier+ 1997)J/ApJ/710/1724 : Follow-up photometry for HAT-P-11 (Bakos+, 2010)J/A+A/546/A14 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer (Claret+, 2012)J/A+A/552/A16 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer. II. (Claret+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/AJ/145/5 : Follow-up photometry of HATS-1 (Penev+, 2013)J/A+A/551/A80 : WASP-80 photometric and radial velocity data (Triaud+, 2013)J/ApJ/807/45 : Habitable planets around M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)J/AJ/149/166 : Photometry and spectroscopy of HATS-6 (Hartman+, 2015)J/ApJ/831/125 : ALMA 887um obs. of ChaI star-forming region (Pascucci+, 2016)J/ApJ/831/64 : Mass-metallicity relation for giant planets (Thorngren+, 2016)J/A+A/618/A20 : Limb-darkening for TESS, Kepler, Corot, MOST (Claret, 2018)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/AJ/157/55 : RVs and light curves for HATS-60-HATS-69 (Hartman+, 2019)J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Nearby bin. (Mann+, 2019)J/other/Sci/365.1441 : GJ 3512 radial velocity & light curves (Morales+, 2019)J/AJ/159/267 : Observations & radial velocity of HATS-71b (Bakos+, 2020)J/A+A/642/A121 : LHS1140 radial velocity data (Lillo-Box+, 2020)J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)J/AJ/163/125 : LC & radial velocity of 4 giants planets (Jordan+, 2022)J/ApJS/259/33 : Faint-star TOIs from TESS Primary Mission (Kunimoto+, 2022)J/AJ/165/120 : g & i'-band light curve of TOI-5205 with SDSS (Kanodia+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/946/L4https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/946/L4http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/946/L4https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/946/L4https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/946/L4http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/946/L4GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/946/L4/table1Light curve data for TOI-3235recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date (1)dtime.epochdoubleindexedmag[-7.1/13.9] Apparent magnitude in Filt (2)magphot.magdoublee_mag[0.0013/0.13] Uncertainty in magmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleOmag[-0.11/0.2] Raw magnitude in Filter (3)magphot.magdoubleFiltFiltermeta.id;instr.filtercharInstInstrumentmeta.id;instrchar