J/ApJ/935/104ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/935/104doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19350104CDSMedina A.A.Winters J.G.Irwin J.M.Charbonneau D.2024-11-12T20:10:48Z2024-06-24T09:56:32ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frm-starsstellar-flaresvisible-astronomyspectroscopyproper-motionstrigonometric-parallaxWe present a study of the relationship between Galactic kinematics, flare rates, chromospheric activity, and rotation periods for a volume-complete, nearly all-sky sample of 219 single stars within 15 pc and with masses between 0.1 and 0.3 M{sun} observed during the primary mission of TESS. We find all stars consistent with a common value of {alpha}=1.984{+/-}0.019 for the exponent of the flare frequency distribution. Using our measured stellar radial velocities and Gaia astrometry, we determine Galactic UVW space motions. We find 78% of stars are members of the Galactic thin disk, 7% belong to the thick disk, and for the remaining 15% we cannot confidently assign membership to either component. If we assume star formation has been constant in the thin disk for the past 8Gyr, then based on the fraction that we observe to be active, we estimate the average age at which these stars transition from the saturated to the unsaturated flaring regime to be 2.4{+/-}0.3Gyr. This is consistent with the ages that we assign from Galactic kinematics: we find that stars with rotation period Prot <10days have an age of 2.0{+/-}1.2Gyr, stars with 10days<Prot<~90days have an age of 5.6{+/-}2.7Gyr, and stars with Prot>90days have an age of 12.9{+/-}3.5Gyr. We find that the average age of stars with Prot<10 days increases with decreasing stellar mass from 0.6{+/-}0.3Gyr (0.2-0.3M{sun}) to 2.3{+/-}1.3Gyr (0.1-0.2 M{sun}).2022ApJ...935..104Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/935/104CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/AJ/124/1144 : Orbits of 171 single-lined spectro binaries (Latham, 2002)J/A+A/410/527 : Abundances in the Galactic disk (Bensby+, 2003)J/A+A/397/147 : Activity-rotation relationship in stars (Pizzolato+ 2003)J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/AJ/137/1 : Proper motions & astrometry late-type dwarf (Faherty+, 2009)J/ApJ/705/1416 : Volume-limited sample M7-M9.5 dwarfs <20pc (Reiners+, 2009)J/ApJ/720/1118 : i-band photometry of HAT-P-16 (Buchhave+, 2010)J/MNRAS/407/2269 : Polarisation of a sample of late M dwarfs (Morin+, 2010)J/ApJ/733/115 : Rotation periods and membership in M34 (Meibom+, 2011)J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars with Prot and X-ray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)J/ApJ/795/161 : Activity & rotation in Praesepe &the Hyades (Douglas+, 2014)J/MNRAS/454/593 : Young moving groups in solar neighbourhood (Bell+, 2015)J/ApJ/812/3 : MEarth midtolate Mdwarfs rotation & kinematics (West+, 2015)J/AJ/152/141 : Solar neighborhood. XXXVII. RVs M dwarfs (Benedict+, 2016)J/ApJ/829/23 : Stellar flares from Q0-Q17 Kepler LCs (Davenport, 2016)J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation & Galactic kinematics mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016)J/AJ/154/151 : Solar neighborhood .XXXX. New young stars (Bartlett+, 2017)J/ApJ/834/85 : H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)J/ApJ/862/33 : Improved & expanded membership cat NGC752 (Agueros+, 2018)J/A+A/618/A142 : Radial velocity for GJ 1132 (Bonfils+, 2018)J/ApJ/856/23 : BANYAN. XI. The BANYAN {Sigma} algorithm (Gagne+, 2018)J/AJ/156/217 : Stellar properties M dwarfs in MEarth-South (Newton+, 2018)J/A+A/612/A49 : 324 CARMENES M dwarfs velocities (Reiners+, 2018)J/A+A/621/A126 : CARMENES input catalogue M dwarfs. IV. (Diez Alonso+ 2019)J/A+A/622/A133 : M45, M44 and M67 flare stars (Ilin+, 2019)J/AJ/157/231 : MLSDSS-GaiaDR2 sample of M and L dwarfs (Kiman+, 2019)J/other/Sci/365.1441 : GJ3512 radial velocity and light curves (Morales+, 2019)J/MNRAS/499/3481 : Metallicity and rotation in the Kepler field (Amard+, 2020)J/AJ/159/60 : 8695 flares 1228 stars TESS sectors 1 & 2 (Gunther+, 2020)J/ApJ/905/107 : Spectroscopic activity indicators TIC stars (Medina+, 2020)J/AJ/159/290 : RVs of 12 spectroscopic binaries M-dwarfs (Winters+, 2020)J/A+A/645/A42 : Flares in 5 open clusters (Ilin+, 2021)J/AJ/161/189 : Gyro-kinematic ages for ~30000 Kepler stars (Lu+, 2021)J/AJ/162/176 : The solar neighborhood. XLVIII. (Paredes+, 2021)J/A+A/662/A41 : Magnetic fields in 292 M dwarfs. (Reiners+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/935/104https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/935/104http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/935/104https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/935/104https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/935/104http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/935/104GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/935/104/table1 (Stellar Properties, Equivalent Widths, Flare Rates, Radial Velocities, and Space Velocities)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/935/104/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/935/104/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/935/104/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.882541759.14441670.0055555555555555566/22 105 636 725 861 865 1109 1460 1635 1712 1911 1988 2330 2656 2922 3005 3162 3387 3715 3727 3889 3943 4073 4462 4553 5000 5041 5343 5590 5601 6026 6552 6676 6705 6894 6980 7103 7181 7395 7797 7937 7980 7984 8023 8092 8163 8169-8170 8562 8894 9109 9428 9471 10037 10278 10381 10416 10448 10544 11044 11459 12090 12157 12184 13567 13748 13875 13912 13965 14430 14549 14781 14910 15346 15355 15548 16041 16266 16361 16754 16758 16847 17412 17712 17943 17954 20345 20459 20507 20923 21151 21480 21737 21838 22014 22336 22645 22719 23047 23293 23391 23443 23564 23718 23735 23753 24507 24616 24797 24843 24995 25009 25021 25091 25261 25300 26327 26487 26623 27273 27519 27799 27820 31991 32015 32063 32093 32104 32444 32553 32749 33016 33088 33435 33495 33533 33579 33630 33909 33964 34005 34377 34448 34568 34708 35113 35247 35355 35520 35670 35761 35841 35969 36088 36658 36701 36842 36871 36941 36971 37122 37257 37302 37332 37519 37602 37865 38113 38464 38566 38601 38646 39331 39350 39439 39585 39784 40224 40386-40387 40435 40505 41324 41516 41540 41591 42054 42346 42528 42721 42761 43149 43155 43444 43580 43723 43851 43867 44001 44147 44696 45076 45102 45213 45344 45372 45377 45513 45626 46463 46718 46736 46750 47061 47251 47347 47677 47912 48173https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/935/104?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/935/104/table1Stellar Properties, Equivalent Widths, Flare Rates, Radial Velocities, and Space VelocitiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDStar identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharTICTESS Input Catalog identifiermeta.idlongprimaryNFlaresNumber of flares (link to Table 3)meta.numberintnullableRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.maine_Mass[0.014/0.024] Uncertainty in MsolMassstat.error;phys.massfloatProb[0.00153/31642646492016712]? Thin disk membership probabilitystat.probabilitydoublenullableDist[1.3/14.99] Distancepcpos.distancefloatplx[0.12/180.11]? Parallaxmaspos.parallax.trigfloatnullablee_plx[0.001078/0.041294]? Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxdoublenullableProt[1.8e-05/0.0067]? Photometric rotation perioddtime.perioddoublenullabler_Prot[1/9]? Reference for Prot (1)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullablee_EWCa2[0.01/0.869] Uncertainty in EWCa20.1nmstat.errorfloatEWHe[-15.35/0.44] He I D_3_ equivalent width0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_EWHe[0.0/1.39] Uncertainty in EWHe0.1nmstat.errorfloatRate[47.292/768.5] log rate of flares/daylog(d**-1)phot.count;em.X-rayfloate_Rate[0.032/0.584] Uncertainty in Rate (2)log(d**-1)stat.errorfloatpmRA[-3781.306/1997.706] Proper motion along RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.radoublee_pmRA[0.031/1.697] Uncertainty in pmRAmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[-5096.181/1610.336] Proper motion along DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decdoublee_pmDE[0.035/0.89] Uncertainty in pmDEmas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatRVel[-111.508/155.852]? Radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVelocdoublenullablee_RVel[0.5/2.39]? Uncertainty in RVelkm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocfloatnullableU[-92.316/172.636] The U_lsr_ space motionkm/sphys.velocfloate_U[0.007/45.983] Uncertainty in Ukm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatV[-144.271/990.61] The V_lsr_ space motionkm/sphys.veloc;pos.lsrdoublee_V[0.02/980.608] Uncertainty in Vkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatW[-194.228/56.966] The W_lsr_ space motionkm/sphys.velocdoublee_W[0.012/190.456] Uncertainty in Wkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zfloatVTot[0.543/992.375] Total space velocitykm/sphys.velocfloate_VTot[0.5/999.99] Uncertainty in VTotkm/sstat.errorfloatSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableMass[0.1/0.306] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloatAmp[0.0008/1.5712]? Semi-amplitude of variabilitymagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullablee_Amp[7.49/13.52] Uncertainty in Ampmagstat.errorfloatRoss[-11.447/0.31] Rossby numberstat.paramfloatTmag[0.018/1.369] TESS apparent magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatEWHa[-0.08/0.62] H{alpha} equivalent width0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloate_EWHa[0.002/0.649] Uncertainty in EWHa0.1nmstat.errorfloatEWCa2[-0.723/2.149] Ca II 8542.09A equivalent width0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatJ/ApJ/935/104/table3Catalog of Stellar Flares in the Northern Ecliptic SamplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTIC[3127674/471012790] TESS Input Catalog identifiermeta.idlongTmag[7.49/13.34] TESS apparent magnitudemagphot.magfloatBJD[2458325/2458682] Barycentric Julian Date of flux peakdtime.epochdoubleAmp[18.17/58390.07] Flare amplitudect/ssrc.var.amplitudedoubleE[2.97e+29/6.24e+33] Flare energy in TESS bandpass1e-07Jphys.energydoubleIDStar identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharDur[360.0/20280.0] Flare durationstime.durationfloatED[0.36/3772.57] Equivalent durationstime.durationfloat