J/ApJ/934/119ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/934/119doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19340119CDSGlikman E.Lacy M.LaMassa S.Bradley C.Djorgovski S.G.Urrutia T.,Gates E.L.Graham M.J.Urry M.Yoon I.2025-06-19T20:10:41Z2024-08-14T08:20:51ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryredshiftedspectroscopyextinctionsurveysradio-sourcesabsolute-magnitudeWe present a highly complete sample of broad-line (Type 1) QSOs out to z~3 selected by their mid-infrared colors, a method that is minimally affected by dust reddening. We remove host-galaxy emission from the spectra and fit for excess reddening in the residual QSOs, resulting in a Gaussian distribution of colors for unreddened (blue) QSOs, with a tail extending toward heavily reddened (red) QSOs, defined as having E(B-V)>0.25. This radio-independent selection method enables us to compare red and blue QSO radio properties in both the FIRST (1.4GHz) and VLASS (2-4GHz) surveys. Consistent with recent results from optically selected QSOs from SDSS, we find that red QSOs have a significantly higher detection fraction and a higher fraction of compact radio morphologies at both frequencies. We employ radio stacking to investigate the median radio properties of the QSOs including those that are undetected in FIRST and VLASS, finding that red QSOs have significantly brighter radio emission and steeper radio spectral slopes compared with blue QSOs. Finally, we find that the incidence of red QSOs is strongly luminosity dependent, where red QSOs make up >40% of all QSOs at the highest luminosities. Overall, red QSOs comprise ~40% of higher luminosity QSOs, dropping to only a few percent at lower luminosities. Furthermore, red QSOs make up a larger percentage of the radio-detected QSO population. We argue that dusty AGN-driven winds are responsible for both the obscuration as well as excess radio emission seen in red QSOs.2022ApJ...934..119Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/934/119CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)VIII/92 : The FIRST Survey Catalog, Version 2014Dec17 (Helfand+ 2015)V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 (DR16) (Ahumada+, 2020)I/356 : Gaia DR3 Part 2. Extra-galactic (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/AJ/112/407 : The FIRST bright QSO survey (Gregg+, 1996)J/AJ/126/2579 : SDSS quasar catalog. II. DR1 (Schneider+, 2003)J/ApJ/607/60 : FIRST-2MASS faint sources (Glikman+, 2004)J/ApJS/166/470 : SDSS-Spitzer type I QSOs IR photometry (Richards+, 2006)J/ApJ/667/673 : FIRST-2MASS red quasar survey (Glikman+, 2007)J/AJ/133/186 : Opt. spectroscopy of 77 luminous AGNs and QSOs (Lacy+, 2007)J/MNRAS/386/1605 : Luminous K-band selected QSOs from UKIDSS (Maddox+, 2008)J/ApJ/698/1095 : The FIRST-2MASS red QSO survey. II. (Urrutia+, 2009)J/MNRAS/405/2302 : Improved redshifts for SDSS quasar spectra (Hewett+, 2010)J/ApJ/757/51 : FIRST-2MASS dust-reddened QSO spectra (Glikman+, 2012)J/ApJS/199/3 : The quasars MMT-BOSS pilot survey (Ross+, 2012)J/ApJ/772/26 : AGN with WISE. II. The NDWFS Bootes field (Assef+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/20 : Nine-year WMAP point source catalogs (Bennett+, 2013)J/ApJ/778/127 : UKIDSS+FIRST+SDSS red QSOs candidates (Glikman+, 2013)J/ApJ/812/66 : NIR spectra of 5 red quasars at 0.5<z<0.9 (Kim+, 2015)J/MNRAS/464/3431 : Extremely red quasars in BOSS (Hamann+, 2017)J/A+A/602/A1 : VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Large Project (Smolcic+, 2017)J/ApJS/234/23 : The WISE AGN candidates catalogs (Assef+, 2018)J/ApJ/861/37 : Luminous WISE-selected QSOs in Stripe 82 (Glikman+, 2018)J/ApJ/876/50 : X-ray & IR AGNs in Stripe 82 with eBOSS sp. (LaMassa+, 2019)J/ApJS/255/30 : VLASS QL Ep.1 Catalog, CIRADA version (Gordon+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/934/119https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/934/119http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/934/119https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/934/119https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/934/119http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/934/119GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/934/119/table2 (WISE-2MASS (W2M) red QSO candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/934/119/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/934/119/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/934/119/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true7.5378333-0.46227780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/934/119/table3 (WISE-2MASS (W2M) quasars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/934/119/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/934/119/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/934/119/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.56258331.19158330.0055555555555555565/4773 6875 6939 6945-6946 6955 6962 7509 6/0-2 4097-4101 4103-4104 4107 4110 4112 4118 4121-4122 4129-4130 4135-4136 4139 4144 4146-4147 4152 4163-4164 4170 4172-4173 4177 4181-4182 4187 4189 4191 4193-4194 4196 4201 4203 4206 4210 4215-4216 4218 4220 4225-4226 4229 4231 4236 4240 4245-4246 4248 4254-4256 4259 4262 4274-4275 4280 4282 4285 4289-4290 4292 4295-4296 4299 4301 4304-4305 4307 4309-4310 4313 4322 4326 4328 4339 4362 4364-4365 4367 4369 4373 4382 4387 4389 4393 4398 4401 4403 4406 4409 4417-4418 4420 4424 4483-4484 4486 4610-4611 4613 4615-4617 4621 4624-4626 4628 4630 4638-4639 4641-4643 4646 4649 4653-4655 4672 4674 8197-8199 8201 8208 8210 8215-8216 8220-8222 8227 8230-8231 8234-8237 8242-8243 8246 8250-8251 8256 8260-8261 8265-8266 8272 8277 8282 8289 8297 8299-8300 8303 8306-8307 8309 8312 8316 8318 8320 8323-8324 8332 8335-8337 8340 8346 8348 8350 8352 8356 8360 8368 8371 8375 8387 8389 8392-8393 8396-8397 8402 8406-8407 8409-8410 8413 8420 8422 8425 8427 8430-8431 8448 8451 8455-8456 8458 8460 8462-8463 8465 8467 8473-8474 8477 8481-8482 8484 8486 8492 8494 8497 8499 8520 8577 8581-8582 8585 8705 8707-8708 8718 8722 8726-8727 8730-8733 8740 8742 8744 8747 8750-8751 8761-8762 8771-8772 8774 8777 8832-8833 8837 17746 17750 17754-17756 17766-17767 17771 17805 17807 17814 17817 17819 17822 17826-17830 17834 17856 18001 18004-18005 18009 18011 18020 18022-18023 18027 18033 18065-18067 18069 18071-18073 18075 18077 18082 18093-18094 18096 18112-18114 18178 18751 18765-18766 18769-18772 18774-18776 18786 18793 18800 18834-18838 18862 18865-18866 18880 19021-19023 19026-19028 19030 19037 19043-19044 19046 19052-19053 19058 19087 19091 19097-19098 19101 19105-19106 19111-19112 19115-19116 19120 19136-19137 19200 21847 21879 21885-21886 21916 21954 21960 21972 21974-21975 21983 21997 21999 22002 22006 22010-22011 22014-22015 22355 22361 22364-22365 22367 23150 23181-23182 23188-23190 23192-23194 23196 23203 23205 23209 23211 23213-23214 23216 23233 25964 25970 25972 25977-25978 25983 26014 26030 26036 26038-26039 26041 26044 26046 26049 26054 26056-26058 26062 26064-26065 26069-26071 26075 26082-26083 26089 26091-26092 26096 26098 26100 26103 26105 26107-26108 26199 26223 26225 26228 26230-26231 26237-26238 26287 26294-26295 26297 26300 26303 26305-26306 26311 26316 26321-26323 26328 26331-26332 26334 26337 26341 26344 26346 26349-26350 26352 26356-26357 26362-26364 26366-26367 26369 26374 26379 26383 26386 26388-26389 26394 26396 26398 26400-26401 26406 26412 26414-26415 26424-26426 26428 26430 26434 26438-26440 26448 26452-26454 26460 26462 26465 26467-26470 26475 26477 26479 26483 26488-26489 26491-26492 26495 26498 26500 26503-26504 26506 26509-26511 26513-26517 26527 26529 26531-26534 26536 26539 26546 26550-26552 26555 26565 26568 26574-26575 26579 26590 26594 26601-26603 26606 26609 26614 26973 26975 26987 26989-26990 26995-26998 27001-27002 27006 27037 27039 27051 27059 27062 27064 27066 27074 27077 27079-27080 27082 27084 27087 27090-27092 27095-27097 27101-27102 27104-27105 27119 27125 27127 27130 27132 27223 27229 27249-27250 27252 27255 27259 27287 27291 27293 27295 27303 27309-27310 27317-27319 27322-27326 27329 27331 27336 27338 27340 27342-27343 27345 27349-27351 27360-27362 27365 27367-27369 27371 27376 27378-27379 27382 27391 27394 27408-27409 27419 27425-27426 27431 27433 27436 27439-27440 27442 27444 27453-27454 27458 27466 27472-27473 27475 27480 27485-27487 27489 27494-27495 27504 27513-27515 27518 27520 27526 27536 27538 27541 27544 27546-27547 27552 27556 27558-27559 27561-27562 27565 27569 27577 27580-27581 27585 27588 27590-27593 27595-27596 27599 27607 27612 27614-27615 27625 27628 27630-27631 27633-27634 27653-27654 27658 27663 27671 27675 27677-27679 27682 27686-27688 27691-27692 27699 27701 27704 27708 27710-27711 27713 27715 27721-27724 27726 27731-27732 27734 27736 27738 27742-27743 27745 27748 27752 27762-27764 27766 27774 27777 27789 27795 27799 27802-27803 27805-27807 27813 27815 27824-27826 27828 27831 27834 27837 27840 27847 27854-27855 27862 27867 27871 27876-27877 27879 27884-27885 27889-27890 27894 27905 27909 27911-27913 27917 27920 27924 27928 27939 27941 27943-27946 27949-27950 27954 27960 27972 27976 28034-28035 28160-28161 28164 28167 28173-28175 28178 28180 28186 28188-28190 28192-28193 28196-28197 28200-28201 28206 28209-28210 28213 28216-28217 28227 28232 28292-28294 28298 30033-30034 30040-30041 30045 31389 31404-31405 31409 31413-31415 31419-31420 31422 31427 31429-31430 31434-31435 31437 31443 31446 31451 31456-31457 31459 31462-31463 31465-31468 31470 31477 31481 31484-31485 31649-31651 31656-31658 31660 31674 36861 368638.157980699529898e-21 4.653515163505597e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/934/119?format=asciiOpticalInfraredRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/934/119/table2WISE-2MASS (W2M) red QSO candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintW2MObject name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.mainchargmag[18/24] SDSS g band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatrmag[16.9/22] SDSS r band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatimag[16.4/21] SDSS i band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatJmag[14.29/18.1] 2MASS J band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatKsmag[12.7/14.7] 2MASS Ks band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatW1mag[11.59/17.6] WISE W1 band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatW2mag[10.2/16.5] WISE W2 band Vega magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatW3mag[7.3/12.5] WISE W3 band Vega magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatW4mag[4.8/8.7] WISE W4 band Vega magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatzspec[0/2.6]? Spectroscopic Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullableOTypeClassificationmeta.code.class;src.classcharSourceSource of Spectrummeta.id;instrcharRefReference (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharDR16Display the SDSS-DR16 data (V/154) within 2"meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharWISEADisplay the AllWISE data (II/328) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullableJ/ApJ/934/119/table3WISE-2MASS (W2M) quasarsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintgmag[14/24] SDSS g band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatrmag[13.4/22] SDSS r band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatimag[13.1/21] SDSS i band AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatJmag[13.2/18.1] 2MASS or UKIDSS J band magnitude (Vega)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatKsmag[11.6/14.7] 2MASS or UKIDSS Ks band magnitude (Vega)magphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatW1mag[10.1/14.8] WISE W1 band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatW2mag[8.8/14] WISE W2 band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatW3mag[5.98/11.3] WISE W3 band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatW4mag[3.1/9.3] WISE W4 band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatFpk[-999/5821]? FIRST peak flux density mJy (1)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatnullableFIRSTDisplay data from FIRST (VIII/92) within 5"meta.ref.urlintnullableVpk[-999/3424]? VLASS peak flux density mJy (1)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radio.1500-3000MHzfloatnullableVLASSDisplay data from VLASS QL Ep.1 (Gordon+ 2021, J/ApJS/255/30) within 5"meta.ref.urlintnullablez[0.02/3.3] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatdiag[TF] Did the source obeyed the diagonal color selection criterion? (Section 2.4)meta.codecharClassSource Classification ("red-QSO": 63 occurrences or "QSO": 1049 occurrences)src.classcharE(B-V)[0.25/1.5]? Extinctionmagphot.color.excessfloatnullableK0Mag[-34.4/-22.2] Absolute de-reddened K-band magnitudemagphys.magAbs;em.IR.Kfloatlsel[TF] Is the source is part of the luminosity-matched subsample?meta.codecharLbol[43.4/49.2] Log of the bolometric luminosity, erg/s (2)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosityfloatSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR17 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharDR16Display the SDSS-DR16 data (V/154) within 2"meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharWISEADisplay the AllWISE data (II/328) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainW2MObject name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullable