J/ApJ/930/57ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/930/57doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19300057CDSThomas B.P.Wheeler J.C.Dwarkadas V.V.Stockdale C.Vinko J.,Pooley D.Xu Y.Zeimann G.MacQueen P.2024-11-06T20:25:28Z2024-04-29T10:05:47ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaevisible-astronomyspectroscopyx-ray-sourcesradio-sourcesinfrared-photometrySN 2014C was originally classified as a Type Ib supernova, but at phase {phi}=127d, post-explosion strong H{alpha} emission was observed. SN 2014C has since been observed in radio, infrared, optical and X-ray bands. Here we present new optical spectroscopic and photometric data spanning {phi}=947-2494d post-explosion. We address the evolution of the broadened H{alpha} emission line, as well as broad [OIII] emission and other lines. We also conduct a parallel analysis of all publicly available multiwavelength data. From our spectra, we find a nearly constant H{alpha} FWHM velocity width of ~2000km/s that is significantly lower than that of other broadened atomic transitions (~3000-7000km/s) present in our spectra ([OI]{lambda}6300; [OIII]{lambda}{lambda}4959,5007; HeI{lambda}7065; [CaII]{lambda}{lambda}7291,7324). The late radio data demand a fast forward shock (~10000km/s at {phi}=1700d) in rarified matter that contrasts with the modest velocity of the H{alpha}. We propose that the infrared flux originates from a toroidal-like structure of hydrogen surrounding the progenitor system, while later emission at other wavelengths (radio, X-ray) likely originates predominantly from the reverse shock in the ejecta and the forward shock in the quasi-spherical progenitor He-wind. We propose that the H{alpha} emission arises in the boundary layer between the ejecta and torus. We also consider the possible roles of a pulsar and a binary companion.2022ApJ...930...57Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/930/57CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/412/1441 : SNe luminosity functions (Li+, 2011)J/MNRAS/449/1876 : Photometric observations of SN PTF11iqb (Smith+, 2015)J/ApJ/887/75 : NIR sp. of SN 2014C 1-5yr post-explosion (Tinyanont+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/930/57https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/930/57http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/930/57https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/930/57https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/930/57http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/930/57GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapX-rayOpticalInfraredRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/930/57/table2New data of SN 2014CrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (UT)time.epochcharEpoch[505/2494] Observation epoch; rest-frame daystime.epoch;obsintTelTelescopemeta.id;instr.telcharBandBandpassinstr.bandpasscharf_BandFlag on Band (1)meta.codecharLum[0.28/8.8] Luminosity in 10^38^erg/s1e+31Wphys.luminosityfloate_Lum[0.15/2]? Lower uncertainty on Lum1e+31Wstat.errorfloatnullableE_Lum[0.2/4]? Upper uncertainty on Lum1e+31Wstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableExp[142/3600] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintspInteractive spectrum plotmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/930/57/fig3The nine HET/LRS2-R optical spectra of SN 2014CrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObs[2016/2020] Year of the observationtime.epochindexedEpoch[947/2494] Observation epoch; rest-frame daysdtime.epoch;obsintlambda[3640/10500] Wavelength; Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoubleFlux[-2e-15/7e-15] Flux density; erg/s/cm^2^/Angstroms (1)cW.m**-2.nm**-1phot.fluxdoublee_Flux[0/5.5e-15] Uncertainty in FluxcW.m**-2.nm**-1stat.error;phot.fluxdoubleJ/ApJ/930/57/fig10Light curves of SN 2014C at optical, X-ray, infrared, and radio wavelengthsInstInstrument (1)meta.id;instrcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBandWavelength band identifiersinstr.bandpasscharLum[1.45e+35/9.1e+40] Luminosity; erg/s1e-07Wphys.luminositydoubleEpoch[12/2494] Observation epoch; rest-frame days from discovery (2013 December 30)dtime.epoch;obsinte_Lum[1.9e+34/8e+39]? Lower uncertainty in Lum1e-07Wstat.errordoublenullableE_Lum[1.9e+34/8e+39]? Upper uncertainty in Lum1e-07Wstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullable