J/ApJ/927/89ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/927/89doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.19270089CDSWielgorski P.Pietrzynski G.Pilecki B.Gieren W.Zgirski B.,Gorski M.Hajdu G.Narloch W.Karczmarek P.Smolec R.Kervella P.,Storm J.Gallenne A.Breuval L.Lewis M.Kaluszynski M.Graczyk D.,Pych W.Suchomska K.Taormina M.Rojas Garcia G.Kotek A.Chini R.,Pozo Nunez F.Noroozi S.Sobrino Figaredo C.Haas M.Hodapp K.,Mikolajczyk P.Kotysz K.Mozdzierski D.Kolaczek-Szymanski P.2025-07-18T20:13:06Z2024-01-23T10:33:15ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvariable-starsinfrared-photometrymilky-way-galaxyextinctionmagellanic-cloudsvisible-astronomytrigonometric-parallaxmetallicityWe present time-series photometry of 21 nearby type II Cepheids in the near-infrared J, H, and Ks passbands. We use this photometry, together with the Third Gaia Early Data Release parallaxes, to determine for the first time period-luminosity relations (PLRs) for type II Cepheids from field representatives of these old pulsating stars in the near-infrared regime. We found PLRs to be very narrow for BL Herculis stars, which makes them candidates for precision distance indicators. We then use archival photometry and the most accurate distance obtained from eclipsing binaries to recalibrate PLRs for type II Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Slopes of our PLRs in the Milky Way and in the LMC differ by slightly more than 2{sigma} and are in a good agreement with previous studies of the LMC, Galactic bulge, and Galactic globular cluster type II Cepheids samples. We use PLRs of Milky Way type II Cepheids to measure the distance to the LMC, and we obtain a distance modulus of 18.540+/-0.026(stat.)+/-0.034(syst.)mag in the W_JK_ Wesenheit index. We also investigate the metallicity effect within our Milky Way sample, and we find a rather significant value of about -0.2mag/dex in each band meaning that more metal-rich type II Cepheids are intrinsically brighter than their more metal-poor counterparts, in agreement with the value obtained from type II Cepheids in Galactic globular clusters. The main source of systematic error on our Milky Way PLRs calibration, and the LMC distance, is the current uncertainty of the Gaia parallax zero-point.2022ApJ...927...89Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/927/89CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/264 : ASAS Variable Stars in Southern hemisphere (Pojmanski+, 2002-2005)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)II/288 : IRSF Magellanic Clouds Point Source Catalog (Kato+ 2007)I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/AJ/123/789 : ARAUCARIA project: NGC 300 Cepheids (Pietrzynski+, 2002)J/MNRAS/370/1979 : JHKs photometry of T2Cs in GCs (Matsunaga+, 2006)J/MNRAS/386/2115 : Type II Cepheid and RR Lyrae variables (Feast+, 2008)J/AcA/58/293 : Type-II and anomalous Cepheids in LMC (Soszynski+, 2008)J/MNRAS/397/933 : LMC type II Cepheids JHKs magnitudes (Matsunaga+, 2009)J/AJ/139/2300 : BVIc light curves of 3 type II Cepheids (Rabidoux+, 2010)J/AJ/142/187 : HST obs. of 7 Pop.II variable stars (Benedict+, 2011)J/A+A/526/A116 : W Virginis high-resolution spectra (Kovtyukh+, 2011)J/MNRAS/413/223 : Magellanic clouds Cepheids JHKs phot. (Matsunaga+, 2011)J/AcA/61/285 : VI LCs of Galactic Bulge Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2011)J/MNRAS/446/3034 : LMC Type II Cepheids J and Ks light curves (Ripepi+, 2015)J/AJ/153/154 : LMC NIR survey. IV. Type II Cepheids (Bhardwaj+, 2017)J/A+A/605/A100 : VVV survey Galactic Bulge Pop. II Cepheids (Bhardwaj+, 2017)J/A+A/603/A70 : Type II and anomalous Ce* luminosities (Groenewegen+, 2017)J/AcA/67/297 : OGLE Galactic center Cepheids & RR Lyrae (Soszynski+, 2017)J/A+A/619/A51 : Type II Cepheids in the Galactic bulge (Braga+, 2018)J/A+A/620/A99 : SMC Cepheids K-band and RV curves (Gieren+, 2018)J/ApJ/868/30 : OGLE LMC-T2CEP-211 EBs LCs and RVs (Pilecki+, 2018)J/AcA/68/89 : VI light curves of SMC type II Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2018)J/A+A/625/A14 : Reclassification of Cepheids in the Gaia DR2 (Ripepi+, 2019)J/ApJ/913/38 : Compilation of Cepheids in the MW and MCs (Breuval+, 2021)J/A+A/654/A20 : Plx zero-point offset from Gaia EDR3 (Groenewegen, 2021)J/MNRAS/508/4047 : Classical Cepheids HARPSN@TNG spectroscopy (Ripepi+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/927/89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/927/89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/927/89https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/927/89https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/927/89http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/927/89GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/927/89/MWcep (Data of Milky Way type II Cepheids (Table 2) and parallax zero point offsets (Table 9))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/89/MWcep?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/89/MWcep?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/89/MWcep?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true305.329042218.43786080.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/927/89/table3 (Data of T2Ceps in the LMC)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/89/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/89/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/927/89/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true77.7234708-67.95888560.0055555555555555565/8263 8269 8274-8275 8280 6/12321 12685 12872 12904 23332 25842 29758 31778 32052 32170 33047 33049 33051 33085 33088 33090-33091 33093-33095 33106 33124 39629 40099 40167 41311 41413 42308 43656 44176 44786 45720 472347.952274030004205e-20 1.0188844282367877e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/927/89?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/927/89/MWcepData of Milky Way type II Cepheids (Table 2) and parallax zero point offsets (Table 9)SimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryPer[1/20] Period (1)dtime.perioddoubleplx[0.2/5.3] Gaia EDR3 parallaxmaspos.parallaxfloate_plx[0.013/0.13] Uncertainty in plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatZPO[-0.03/0.005] Parallax zero point offsetmaspos.parallax;arith.difffloatRUWE[0.89/2.3] Gaia EDR3 Renormalised Unit Weight Errorstat.errorfloatGOF[-3.6/37.6] Gaia EDR3 Goodness Of Fitstat.fit.goodnessfloatmumag[6.4/13.4] Distance modulusmagphot.mag.distModfloate_mumag[0.01/0.3] Uncertainty in mumagmagstat.error;phot.mag.distModfloatJmag[3.2/11.4] Mean J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag[0.007/0.04] Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatHmag[2.88/11.1]? Mean H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.007/0.06]? Uncertainty in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKsmag[2.78/11] Mean Ks-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Ksmag[0.008/0.05] Uncertainty in Ksmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatE(B-V)[0.019/0.4] B-V color excess (2)magphot.color.excessfloat[Fe/H][-1/0.5]? Metallicityphys.abund.FefloatnullableNpNumber of photometry measurements for this star (link to Table 1)meta.numberintnullableLCInteractive LC Plotmeta.ref.urlcharGaiaEDR3? Gaia EDR3 identifiermeta.id.crossnullablePix[0/2]? HEALPix level pixel value (3)pos.healpix;instr.pixelintnullableZPO-TW[-0.04/-0.01] Parallax zero point offset (mean=-0.026)maspos.parallax.trig;arith.difffloatf_ZPO-TWa = spatial correction onlymeta.codechare_ZPO-TW[0.003/0.007]? Uncertainty in ZPO-TWmasstat.errorfloatnullableZPO-L21[-0.024/0.005] ZPO from Lindegren+ 2021A&A...649A...4L (mean=-0.013)maspos.parallax.trigfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/927/89/table1Near infrared photometry of Milky Way T2CepsNameNamemeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFiltFilter (J, H or Ks)meta.id;instr.filtercharHJDHeliocentric Julian date of observationdtime.epochdoubleomag[2.7/11.5] Observed magnitude in Filtmagphot.magfloate_omag[0.01/0.2] Uncertainty in omagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatSourceSource ("IRIS" or "SAAO")meta.refcharJ/ApJ/927/89/table3Data of T2Ceps in the LMCrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintOGLEOGLE identifier, OGLE-LMC-T2CEP-###meta.id;meta.maincharPer[1/17.2] Period (1)dtime.perioddoubleJmag[15/18]? Mean J-band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.003/0.1]? Uncertainty in Jmag (2)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag1[14.5/17]? Mean LMCSS H-band magnitude (3)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag1[0.027/0.2]? Uncertainty in Hmag1 (3)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableHmag2[13.96/18.1]? Mean IRSF H-band magnitude (4)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag2[0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in Hmag2 (4)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag[14.5/17.5]? Mean K-band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.004/0.07]? Uncertainty in Kmag (2)magstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableE(B-V)[0.089/0.3] B-V color excess (5)magphot.color.excessfloatCorr[-0.04/0.05] Geometric correctionmagarith.factorfloat_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullable